How to build a wind rose. What is a wind rose and how is it compiled? Build a wind rose according to the table
The wind rose is a special vector-based pie chart that reflects the direction of the wind, which changes throughout the year. Such schedules are used very often in climatology, meteorology, and they are also very often needed when planning the construction of buildings and runways. Outwardly, the image of the wind rose can be seen quite often in heraldry. Its most common location is on the symbolism of NATO. So, let's look at how to build a wind rose.
Image preparation
Most often, for educational purposes, a wind rose is built only at local history lessons in schools, technical schools and other educational institutions. You can build a wind rose for a specific area. Very often, such a task is given to a student in grades 7-9 of the school, with which they do an excellent job.
If you want to carry out independent work on building a wind rose, then you will need information about the year-round wind direction in a certain area. It is necessary to remove information data within a month. You can do this either on your own or contact the meteorological service for help.
Now we draw the basis for the future diagram, in order to then arrange the obtained results of observations. We draw a coordinate system, the main axes of which will indicate the cardinal points known to all, namely, east, north, south and west. Now we draw intermediate lines between these lines and designate them as northwest, northeast, southwest and southeast. Now on each axis we set aside uniform divisions that will symbolize a certain number of days. Very often one division means one day, in each case it can be different. This is how it will be possible to understand how to make a wind rose.
We depict the wind rose
After this preparatory work is completed, you can begin to build the wind rose itself. We calculate how many days the wind blows in each direction, after which we set aside the corresponding number of divisions on each of the lines. After a certain number of dashes have been set aside, you can carefully connect the points obtained with straight lines. Thus, a closed polygon should be obtained. If there are calm days in a given area, then they can be marked with a circle in the center of the diagram. If during a given period of time the wind was not observed at all in the specified territory, then the line connecting the points should be interrupted.
These are the steps you need to perform if you want to learn how to make a wind rose. Now after you complete the steps above, you should get a wind rose for your region for a certain period. Long lines on it will show the prevailing direction of those winds that blow on the area.
Automatic construction of a rose
Thus, it is possible to build a wind rose manually. However, there is another way, thanks to which you can build a wind rose automatically using the Excel application. To understand how to build a wind rose, you need to create a file and enter in it all the data regarding the direction of the winds and the number of days in the form of a table. You should end up with several columns that will indicate the number of windy days and the names of the directions.
Now, using the "Insert" - "Chart" command, you will need to select a position called "Radar Chart". The result of these actions should be the appearance of a graphic image of the resulting diagram.
Thus, it is very simple to build a wind rose for any part of the globe, it is enough to correctly calculate the number of windy days and their direction. Such an image is similar in outline to a rose, which is why the graphic representation of the direction of the wind is called the wind rose.
Target: gain skills in building a wind rose for a given territory.
Work order:
In accordance with the last digit of the student's educational cipher, determine your option. The initial data for constructing the wind rose are given in Table 3.
Tab. 3. Initial data for constructing a wind rose.
|
option |
calm |
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Set aside straight segments from the origin of polar coordinates, the direction of which corresponds to 8 main points. From the origin of coordinates, along the points, lay off segments, the length of which is proportional to the frequency of winds of a given direction. Connect the ends of the segments with a broken line. Calm repeatability is indicated by the number (days) in the center of the chart.
To complete the work and draw conclusions about the prevailing direction of winds within the study area.
Reference data on the topic "Building a wind rose"
A visual representation of the predominance of winds of various directions at a given point for a certain period of time (month, season, year), a characteristic of the climatic regime of the wind, is given by a diagram of the distribution of wind frequency by rhumbs - Rose of Wind(Fig. 1).
To characterize the directions of winds for a certain period, the resultant of all directions or prevailing wind direction.
Rice. 1. Wind rose.
Laboratory work No. 6 Calculation of agro-climatic indicators
Target: assess the agro-climatic resources of the area under study, analyze the possibilities of cultivating individual crops.
Work order:
Calculate the sum of active temperatures above +10C. Why build a graph of the annual course of temperatures in the study area (the option is selected in accordance with the last digit of the student's educational code, see Table 2 in laboratory work No. 4) with a horizontal scale of 1 cm 1 month, a vertical scale of 1 cm 10C . Draw a horizontal line on the graph at +10C; determine the days of temperature transition through the mark of +10C to the higher (in spring) and to the lower (in autumn) sides; for every 10 days of a period of temperatures above +10C, determine the average temperature from the graph. Determine the sum of active temperatures above +10C, calculated as the sum of the products of average temperatures for every ten days of the period exceeding these indicators:
act t>10 = 10 days * t 1 + 10 days * t 2 + ...
2. According to the Atlas, determine the presence of such meteorological phenomena for the cultivation of major agricultural crops as frost, hail, snow cover.
3. Using table 4, compare the sum of active and the sum of biological temperatures and determine the crops that can grow in the area.
4. Complete the work, indicating the crops and the main meteorological factors that limit their development.
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 77"
Methodical development
geography lesson
on the topic: "Wind. Construction of the graph "Wind rose".
6th grade
(in the structure of GEF LLC)
Geography teacher development
MBOUSOSH No. 77
Malkova Elena Alexandrovna
2016-2017 academic year G.
Geography lesson in 6th grade
LESSON TOPIC: Wind. Construction of the graph "Wind rose".
LESSON TYPE: learning new material
GOAL: form an idea of the wind as an element of weather
TASKS:
educational: to form the concepts of "wind", "wind rose"; form ideas about cause-and-effect relationships between the occurrence, direction, strength and speed of wind and atmospheric pressure; types of winds; nature and human activity;
developing: to promote the development of cognitive interest in the study of geography; develop the ability to highlight the main thing, analyze, think independently; teach how to build a wind rose and read it; continue the formation of skills to work with maps, diagrams;
educational: ecological, the formation of students' ideas about the nature of the wind, about the reasons for its occurrence.
RESOURCES: Textbook A.I. Alekseev, publishing house "Enlightenment" 2012 physical map of the world; computer, multimedia projector, screen.
APPLIED PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES: problem-based learning, information and communication.
DURING THE CLASSES
1. ORGANIZATIONAL TIME
Greeting the teacher and students, checking readiness for the lesson.
Teacher:- Today we will talk about one of the phenomena of nature, and what kind of phenomenon it is, you will learn when you hear these sounds (4 records of the wind sound, different in strength, sound - students characterize each record).
I - part of the lesson (theoretical)
2. STUDY OF NEW MATERIAL
Teacher. Guys, what elements of the weather have we already studied?
Students. Temperature, atmospheric pressure.
Teacher. What else do we listen to every day about the weather?
students. They are called: wind direction, cloudiness, precipitation, pressure.
Teacher. Let's try to guess the riddle and determine the topic of the lesson. (Presentation of the 1st slide)
Although wingless, it flies
Headless, but whistling.
Though armless, but it happens
Upholsters pears from branches,
Pine uproots -
So sometimes he gets angry.
Just that he was everywhere -
A moment - and it is nowhere! (Wind)
Teacher. You guys had a homework: to prepare poems about the wind.
(students recite poems about the wind, and the class characterizes the wind.)
breeze-breeze
Blowing from south to east
Drives waves into the sea
It tends to grass in the field.
Tell us weathervane
Where the wind flies
On an iron leg.
Turn around a little.
The grass is leaning.
Leaves rustle all day.
And the trees themselves
Move branches.
Our colorful kite
Became more agile, more fun -
He flies and jumps -
What does all of this mean?
Adults and children know:
It means today wind!
Wind drives the leaves
Up throws and drops
Playful as a puppy -
“I still couldn’t do that!”
He shakes the branches of the willow,
It looks like someone is sitting there.
He jumps alive on the crowns ...
But when does the wind sleep?
And sometimes the wind gets angry
And throws leaves
He tries to tear off his hats,
Flying overhead.
And then he calms down
How to ask for forgiveness.
Even the wind understands
You can't behave like that!
Came down from the mountain fresh Wind to the valley
I sniffed the flowers and showered the raspberries,
Stroked the shaggy dog in the yard,
I flipped through the notebook and primer on the table.
He flew over the field, rushed to the forest.
- I am a storm! - whistling, before all arrogant.
Whirling, raised dust over the road pillar,
And the forest turned into a continuous windbreak!
Then he made a noise: - I am now - a hurricane!
Sky frowned: - What a hooligan!
The Earth sighed: -Relax, son ...
And wind,
subsiding,
lay down in a ravine.
Teacher. In today's lesson, we will talk about an important element of the weather - the wind. ( Presentation)
The wind is a unique, amazing phenomenon of nature, which has always aroused people's interest. People have long noticed that the wind controls the weather. Wind is mentioned in many proverbs, sayings, folk songs and tales. In them, the wind is called warm, affectionate, gentle, playful, mischievous, powerful, violent, desperate, evil.
Communication of goals, lesson plan
Lesson Plan: What should we learn today?
1. What is wind?
2. Why is wind formed?
3. How to measure the wind?
4. What are the winds?
5. What is the importance of the wind?
6. Build a graph "wind rose".
And also we will learn to compare, generalize, highlight the main thing, establish cause-and-effect relationships.
3. WHAT IS WIND? (Presentation)
Students.Read the definition from the slide:"Wind is the movement of air in a horizontal direction"
Teacher. Right. You will also find this definition in the textbook, at the beginning of paragraph 42, on p. 137. Pay attention to it when preparing homework. And now, in order to answer the question of the 2nd paragraph of the lesson plan, we must remember what we have already studied in previous lessons. Please answer the questions.
What heats up the air? (from the earth)
Does the air on the ground heat up evenly? (no, uneven)
- Why? (different underlying surface, angle of inclination of the sun's rays)
What heats up faster - land or water? (land)
Which air is lighter - warm or cold? (warm)
What happens to air when it is heated? (it expands and rises up)
What is the pressure of warm air? (low)
What happens to air when it cools? (it shrinks and sinks down)
What is the pressure of cold air? (high)
Does air pressure depend on temperature? (yes, it depends)
4. WHY DOES WIND BE FORMED?
Teacher. Based on the knowledge we have, we will try to understand how the wind is formed, using a specific example. You probably noticed that on the shores of large reservoirs - the sea, the river, our lake Senezh, a rather strong wind always blows. Moreover, the wind is more noticeable on a hot summer day than in winter. Have you thought about the reason for this phenomenon? Let's try to solve our problem.
The teacher explains the formation of the daytime breeze by drawing on the blackboard as the story progresses.
During the day, the land heats up faster. The heated air rises, the pressure at the earth's surface decreases. In place of the warm air that has gone up, cool air from the sea begins to flow. A breeze is formed - a coastal wind, which always blows from the sea to land during the day.
Such a wind blowing from the sea to land during the day is called daytime (sea) breeze.
Now imagine that the night has come (see the picture on the right). What will be colder at night - land or sea?
One student at the blackboard, the rest in notebooks independently complete the education schemenight (shore) breeze .
Teacher. Do you think we have identified the causes of wind formation? ( Student versions)
Teacher. It is true that because of the difference in temperature and pressure, any winds on earth arise. Let's formulate a conclusion. The main reason for the formation of wind is the difference in atmospheric pressure. Wind always blows from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure. The greater the pressure difference, the stronger the wind. Notice the text highlighted in yellow on p. 137 of the textbook and learn this rule when preparing your homework.
Reinforcement assignments.
Question: "Why are the breezes not so strong in winter?"
Question:"Why do fishermen on sailboats go to sea at night and return in the morning?"
Exercise 1. (Presentation)
Is the sequence of relationships given correctly: sun rays ---- uneven heating of land and sea ---- difference in atmospheric pressure ---- wind?
Task 2. (Presentation)
Determine which direction the wind will blow? In which case will he be stronger? What explains the difference in wind strength?
A 740 mm --- B 750 mm
A 763 mm --- B 758 mm
A 754 mm --- B 752 mm
5. HOW TO MEASURE THE WIND?
Teacher. The wind, like any other weather element that is measured for weather forecasts by weather forecasters, has the following characteristics: speed, force, direction.
Speed is measured in m/s, km/h. The wind speed is determined using the device anemometer. (Presentation)
Wind strength is measured in points on the 12-point Beaufort scale . Most often used by sailors. The strength of the wind is determined visually by the degree of impact on the sea surface, flags, tree branches, etc. (Presentation)
The teacher's story about winds of various strengths (calm, storm, hurricane, tornado, simum, bora).(Presentation)
The direction of the wind is determined by the side of the horizon from which it blows. For example, the north wind blows from north to south, etc. (see weather calendars). An instrument used to determine the direction of the wind vane. It is a pole 10-12 meters long, at the end of which is fixed weather vane . The wind vane must rotate freely along the axis of the pole, it always turns with the wind. Below are fixed planks oriented along the sides of the horizon. (Presentation)
Exercise. (Presentation)
Determine the direction of the winds.
6. WHAT ARE THE WINDS? (Presentation)
Winds: permanent, seasonal, temporary.
Showing various winds on the world map with magnetic arrows:
1.Monsoons - seasonal winds in the Far East
2.trade winds - tropical latitude winds
3.westerly winds temperate latitudes
Question:"Explain why in the Far East the weather is rainy in summer, and dry and cloudless in winter?"
Based on the results of long-term observations, westerly winds prevail in our area. They usually bring precipitation and warming in winter, cooling and rainy weather in summer.
7. WHAT IS WIND?
A message from a pre-prepared student about the meaning of the wind.(Presentation)
1. The wind drives the clouds, so precipitation falls over the land.
2. The wind purifies the air of big cities.
3. With the help of wind they generate electricity.
4. The wind creates new landforms.
5. The wind inflates the sails of ships.
6. The wind carries the seeds of plants.
(Physical education minute)
II - part of the lesson (practical)
PRACTICAL WORK: "CONSTRUCTION OF THE WIND ROSE ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE WEATHER CALENDAR". (Students have envelopes with assignments on their desks.)
| calm |
||||||||
Teacher:
Rose of Wind - a special chart to determine the prevailing winds in a given area. The basis for the construction are intersecting rays with the image of the sides of the horizon (rhumb). The rays are divided into equal segments, each division corresponds to two days of the month. During the observation period, the number of days with fixed wind directions is calculated, the results are plotted on segments. The resulting points are connected by straight lines, if there was no wind, a pass is made.
Wind roses are built for a month, a year, etc. They are of great economic importance in the construction of industrial facilities.
The conclusion obtained after constructing the wind rose for the period from February 1 to February 28, 2016 is recorded in a notebook.
Question:"Explain where you will build a thermal power plant or a chemical plant, taking into account the long-term wind rose in our city, so that the city's ecology will suffer the least damage?
4. SUMMING UP THE LESSON, GRADING
Have we completed today's lesson plan?
Have we learned a lot about the wind?
Has another mystery of nature become less for us?
Do we know the meaning of the new words of the lesson? (survey on visual material on the board)
Grades are given for a message to the class, work at the blackboard, active work, correct answers.
At the end of the lesson, students fill out "SELF-ASSESSMENT CARDS"
Applications for the lesson
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SELF-ASSESSMENT MAP
TODAY IN THE LESSON I (Last name, first name)
Put forward ideas, hypotheses, versions
reasoned
asked questions
Prepared a message for the class
Correctly answered questions
Solved problems
Worked at the blackboard
Completed tasks correctly
Summarized, drew conclusions
MY MARK ______________
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Wind Rose ("Compass Rose"). Definition
A vector diagram that characterizes in meteorology and climatology the wind regime in a given place according to long-term observations and looks like a polygon, in which the lengths of rays radiating from the center of the diagram in different directions are proportional to the frequency of winds in these directions. The wind rose, built on the basis of real observational data, makes it possible, by the length of the rays of the constructed polygon, to identify the direction of the prevailing wind, from which the air flow most often comes to a given area.
Download the wind rose of Moscow in autocad format (dwg).
On our site you can find and download wind roses for such major Russian cities as: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Omsk, Chelyabinsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ufa, Volgograd, Krasnoyarsk , Perm, Voronezh, Saratov, Krasnodar, Tolyatti, Tyumen, Izhevsk, Barnaul, Ulyanovsk, Irkutsk, Vladivostok, Yaroslavl, Khabarovsk, Makhachkala, Orenburg, Novokuznetsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Ryazan, Astrakhan, Penza, Naberezhnye Chelny, Lipetsk.
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The wind rose is a circular vector diagram that reflects the direction of wind movement during a certain period. Such graphs are widely used in meteorology, climatology, as well as in the construction of runways for airfields, residential areas and industrial zones. The stylized image of the wind rose is often used in heraldry. Today it can be seen on NATO symbols or old geographical maps. Only unlike real diagrams, a stylized image has all the rays of equal length.
You will need
- Weather Calendar, Observation Diary, Checkered Lined Paper, Ruler, Pencil, Excel Spreadsheets
Instruction
For educational purposes, the wind rose is often studied in the lessons of local history and geography, as well as in construction universities and technical schools. It is not difficult to build a simple wind rose for a certain area. This task is often performed by schoolchildren in grades 6-9.
In order to build your own wind rose, you will need data on the daily wind direction for a month or more. This information can be obtained independently through daily observations of the weather, or you can also take it in the "Weather Calendar" for the period under study.
Then a chart base is built to order the observations. To do this, draw a coordinate system in which the main axes will reflect the four main cardinal points - north, east, south and west. Then, draw two additional axes through the center of coordinates and mark intermediate cardinal points on them: northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest. On each axis, set aside even divisions, symbolizing the conditional number of days. If a monthly period is considered, the coordinate intervals may reflect one day.
After the preparatory work has been completed, you can proceed directly to the construction of the wind rose. To do this, count the number of days during which the wind blew in a certain direction, and set aside them on each of the axes. Mark the number of days for each direction with a dot. Then carefully connect the obtained points with straight lines to form a closed polygon. Number of calm days (calm) mark in the circle in the center of the chart. If during the studied period of time there was no wind in any of the directions of light, the connecting line should be interrupted in this place.
As a result of the work, you will receive a wind rose for your region for the period under study. Its beams will be uneven, and the longest of them will show the prevailing direction of wind movement in the study area.
You can also build a wind rose diagram automatically in the Excel application. To do this, create a file in which you enter in the form of a table the available data on the number of days and the direction of the winds. You should get two columns: with the names of the directions of the world and with the number of windy days. Then in the menu "Insert" - "Diagram" select the position "Radar chart" and follow the advice of the diagramming wizard. As a result, get a graphic image of the wind rose.
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The beautiful meteorological term "wind rose" has long been chosen by poets and artists who managed to form a cloud of romantic images around it. Meanwhile, the wind rose is quite utilitarian for many sectors of the economy.
To compile a wind rose for any area, you need meteorological observation data for a certain period, a pencil, a ruler and a calculator for calculations.
What is a wind rose?
In meteorology and geography, a wind rose is a diagram of the directions and strength of winds blowing in a particular region. Perhaps, the appearance of the diagram reminded someone of a rose flower, after which this beautiful, but not very relevant term was born.
However, the study of meteorological statistics makes it possible to understand the patterns of wind directions and, based on them, try to make a weather forecast for the near future. The wind rose most clearly shows the prevailing wind directions in a given area.
What is the wind rose for?
Knowing the direction of the prevailing winds is important in many cases. It is necessary:
- to predict weather changes: knowing the location of the fronts of warm and cold air, you can understand how the weather will change in the coming days, cold or warm air mass will be brought to us by the prevailing wind; 
- for planning the development of settlements: knowledge of the prevailing wind directions helps to place residential and industrial areas in such a way that polluted air from enterprises is not blown towards residential areas;
- to choose the orientation of the walls of houses, entrance openings and other architectural elements: in order to keep the heat in the houses as much as possible in winter, the entrance doors must be oriented in the opposite direction to the prevailing wind rose.
You can recall many more ways to use the wind rose in various fields of human activity.
How to build a wind rose?
The wind rose is built in accordance with the cardinal points. Before starting its construction, you need to draw on paper the main and additional axes:
- vertical north-south;
- horizontal east-west;
- diagonal southeast-northwest;
- diagonal southwest-northeast. 
On these axes, you need to mark the direction and strength of the winds that were observed in your area for a certain period - say, during three summer months. This information can be taken from the meteorological calendar on the Internet or any other reliable source.
It is necessary to choose the scale of the future chart correctly so that the wind rose is visual, large enough, but not excessive. On each axis, divisions are plotted corresponding to the number of days in the period under consideration.
So, if you are building a summer wind rose, the length of each of the axes can be 9 centimeters, where one millimeter mark will correspond to one day of summer.
After that, you can start building a wind rose. On each of the axes, a segment should be marked, the length of which will correspond to the number of days during which the wind of this direction blew. So, on the southern axis we mark 34 millimeters, on the northeast 12 millimeters.
If on some days there was, their number is marked with a dot in the center of the diagram with the written number of quiet days.
After all the points corresponding to the winds are marked on the axes, the last stage remains - the sequential connection of these points with each other by segments. 
The result should be an irregular polygon. If in any of the directions the wind did not blow at all during the entire period under consideration, there will be no marks on the corresponding axis, which means that the polygon remains open on this side.
The interior of the polygon can be shaded. The longest rays of the wind rose will show the prevailing wind directions in your area.