Measures necessary to solve the problem of water pollution. Causes of water pollution. What diseases threaten drinking water pollution

Greetings dear readers! Today I will tell you about fresh water pollution...

Fresh water pollution, in most cases, remains invisible because the contaminants are dissolved in the water.

But there are exceptions too: oil products floating on the surface, foaming detergents, untreated drains.

There are several natural pollutants. Soil contains certain nutrients, such as nitrates, which come to the surface when plowing old pastures and are washed away by surface runoff.

Aluminum found in the ground enters the freshwater system through a series of chemical reactions. Floods leach magnesium from the soil of meadows, which causes great damage to fish stocks.

However, the amount of semi-natural and natural pollutants is nothing compared to those produced by man.

Types of pollutants.

Farmers use a variety of chemicals that end up in fresh water: insecticides, fungicides, acaricides, herbicides, and sheep disinfectant, which contain a total of 450 biocide active ingredients.

Phosphates and nitrates, which stimulate plant growth, are introduced into the ground, and poultry farms, pig farms and silos are a source of a large amount of toxic effluent.

In addition to disinfectants, fresh water is also contaminated by pharmaceuticals used in agriculture - hormones, antibiotics and growth inhibitors.

Also, along with household waste through the sewer, hormonal preparations enter the water.

Chemical reagents are used to produce drinking water. And traces of these reagents remain in the water. A by-product of water chlorination is trihalomethane, which is considered carcinogenic.

In 1988, the use of aluminum sulfate in water purification was widely reported in the press: then several tons of this substance were dumped into the water supply system of an English town, which caused mass illness among local residents.

Heavy metals: lead, cadmium and zinc are the most dangerous industrial pollutants.

Acid rain (more on acid rain) caused by the burning of fossil fuels is another major source of freshwater pollution.

Sources of pollution.

Pollutants enter fresh water in various ways, indirect or direct, but always with the participation of man: as a result of leaks and spills, intentional waste disposal, as a result of accidents.

Farms are the largest potential sources of pollution. In Wales and England, farms occupy almost 80% of the land.

Some of the untreated animal manure that covers the soil penetrates into fresh water sources.

In addition, farmers in Wales and England annually apply 2.5 million tons of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus to the soil, and some of these fertilizers end up in fresh water.

Some of these are persistent organic compounds that find their way into food chains and cause environmental problems.

The UK is now curtailing the production of organochlorine compounds, which were produced in large quantities in the 1950s.

Freshwater bodies are increasingly threatened by effluents from fish farms due to their widespread use of pharmaceuticals to control fish diseases.

Sources of a large number of nutrients that enter fresh water, cadmium, aluminum and iron, are primarily forestry and open drainage.

The acidity of the forest soil increases with the growth of trees, and heavy rains form very acidic runoff, which is detrimental to wildlife.

The cause of a serious environmental disaster can be slurry in the river. Because its concentration is 100 times greater than that of wastewater treated at wastewater treatment plants.

Atmospheric pollution of fresh water is especially detrimental. There are 2 types of pollutants: gases (nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide) and coarse gases (droplets of liquids, ash, dust and soot).

They are all products of agricultural and industrial activities. Concentrated acids, nitric and sulfuric, are formed when these gases combine with water in a raindrop.

Spreaders of pollutants.

As a result of the so-called leaching, solid and liquid pollutants enter the water supply from the soil surface.

A small amount of waste dumped on the ground is dissolved by rain and enters the groundwater, and then into local rivers and streams.

In fresh water sources, liquid waste penetrates faster. Crop spray solutions, on contact with the soil (more information on soil), either lose their potency or leach into the ground, seeping into groundwater or entering local rivers.

Up to 80% of these solutions are wasted because they end up on the soil and not on the sprayed object.

The time required for pollutants (phosphates or nitrates) from the earth's surface to penetrate into groundwater is not exactly known, but this process, in many cases, can take tens of thousands of years.

Industrial drains - These are pollutants released into the environment from industrial enterprises.

Determining the level of pollution.

Signs such as dead fish can indicate contamination, but there are also more sophisticated methods to detect it.

Freshwater pollution is measured in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) – that is, how much oxygen a pollutant absorbs from the water.

This indicator allows you to assess the degree of oxygen starvation of aquatic organisms, for which oxygen is vital.

For clean rivers in Europe (more about this part of the world), the BOD norm is 5 mg / l, compared with untreated domestic wastewater - 350 mg / l.

Milk causes great harm when drained of its excess; the pollution it causes is 400 times greater than from domestic sewage.

Impact on wildlife.

The greening of the surface of the water is one of the most obvious signs of fresh water pollution. Flowering of aquatic plants here is observed when the water is enriched with a mixture of organic compounds leached from the surrounding soil.

The situation that has developed in the last 20 years is alarming because a significant part of the 500 reservoirs in England have become green and toxic due to their pollution.

Fresh water is turning into a breeding ground for potentially dangerous species of fungi, protozoa and bacteria.

Bacteria such as Listeria and Salmonella, as well as protozoa such as Cryptosporidium, are no less dangerous for human health than cholera in 19th century Europe.

On the surface of the water, the greenery acts like a dense forest canopy, blocking out the sunlight into the depths. Algae, which produce oxygen, are detrimental to this. The life of aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates depends on these algae.

Certain types of blue-green algae, in addition, emit toxic substances that kill fish and other aquatic organisms.

As a result, during the summer months, many recreational activities near the water are banned due to toxicity and algae growth.

Algae blooms in water bodies and lakes can also be caused by fertilization of forest soil and deforestation - nutrients in both cases enter the water.

In northwestern Europe, the United States (more on this country) and Canada, a series of major environmental disasters have caused acid rain.

In 16,000 of the 85,000 lakes in Sweden, the water has oxidized, and in 5,000 of them, the fish have completely disappeared. Lime has been added to the water of 4,000 lakes since 1976 to restore the chemical balance and neutralize the acid.

Norway and Scotland resorted to the same measures, where fish stocks were reduced by 40% for a similar reason.

In the eastern United States, the loss of trout caused by the acidification of sport fisheries has cost $1 billion annually.

However, other communities are paying for the liming of the lakes. So, for example, an excess of calcium led to the death of 90% of the moss growing near moss, cuckoo flax and peat moss.

A significant part of acid rain comes to Scandinavia from the west, where the British industry produces about 3.7 million tons of sulfur dioxide per year.

Pollution of water bodies, as a rule, leads to the death of wildlife, fish in the first place. But re-colonization and restoration of populations is possible, especially with human help.

Some invertebrates migrate to affected areas from upstream areas; others fly here in a matter of hours.

Some organisms are sensitive to ecological imbalance (such as river limpets, whose gills become clogged with silt), while other species are unaffected by rather high levels of pollution.

Tubeworms absorb bacteria and larvae of various types of bells, while leeches easily tolerate eutrophication and low oxygen content.

Heavy metals.

Lead is found in dissolved form in fresh water. Fishing weights are one source of lead pollution. These sinkers are constantly thrown away when entangling the fishing line.

Swans suffer greatly from lead, swallowing weights along with algae. It remains in the muscular stomach of birds, gradually dissolving and causing their death.

A "broken neck" (when the muscles cannot support the bird's long neck and as a result it slowly starves to death) is a sign of lead poisoning.

Cadmium, another heavy metal, penetrates into the freshwater environment, affects fish, and through them enters the human body.

Purification of the waters of the Thames.

One of the dirtiest rivers in the world has long been the Thames, and for most of the 20th century it was free of fish.

As a result of long-term efforts, about 100 species of fish, including salmon, have reappeared here. Success was ensured by the control of industrial effluents at the places of their discharge and the prosecution of violators.

In tidal rivers such as the Thames, a solid mass of runoff can remain in their waters for weeks, going downstream 16 km at low tide and returning 15.3 km at high tide.

Drinking water is taken from the Thames along the entire channel. Water is each time brought to drinking standards, used, polluted, purified and dumped back into the Thames.

This cycle repeats itself all the time. And it can be said with certainty that a significant part of the waters that flow past the Houses of Parliament has passed through the kidneys of many people.

Immediately, the cleanup of the Thames rivers was a great success, in contrast to the rivers of the USA and Germany (more on this country). In the United States, one of the bridges in Ohio burned down once, as a result of a fire on the surface of the water, contaminated with a large amount of oil products.

Legislation.

An effective means of preventing pollution is laws. But it is very difficult to enforce them.

Therefore, a new international initiative -“the party responsible for the pollution pays” is ideal in essence, but rarely bears fruit.

The European Community issues directives on water quality, but the governments of European countries are in no hurry to comply with these requirements.

In 1992, 9 out of 12 EU member states exceeded the level of nitrate in their water bodies.

All EU members were required, under new legislation, to set up by 2002 special treatment plants for the treatment of water for industrial and municipal consumption in order to prevent river pollution.

This work has been completed in most countries.

So we got acquainted with fresh water pollution and now, I hope, we will try to take environmental measures 🙂

Among the most important problems facing us, a special place is occupied by water pollution in Russia and around the world. Without this liquid, the existence of life as such is impossible. A person can live without food for up to 100 days, but without water he will last no more than 10 days. And this is not surprising. After all, water is a significant part of the human body. It is known that it is she who makes up more than 60% of the body of an adult.

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Main sources of hydrosphere pollution

All sources of water pollution in the world can be divided into two categories:

1. natural;
2. anthropogenic.

Natural sources of water pollution

Natural pollution of the hydrosphere is caused by the following reasons:

• volcanic activity;
• washing out of coastal soil;
• excretion of waste products of organisms;
• the remains of dead plants and animals.

Volcanic eruption in the Hawaiian Islands

Ways to solve the problem nature has determined for itself, without outside help. There are natural water purification mechanisms that have been operating flawlessly for thousands of years.

We know that there is a water cycle. Moisture evaporates from the surface of water bodies and enters the atmosphere. In the process of evaporation, water is purified, which then falls into the soil in the form of precipitation, forming groundwater. A large part of them again ends up in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Part of the precipitation enters water bodies immediately, bypassing intermediate stages.

As a result of such a cycle, water returns in a purified form, so the environmental problem of water pollution is solved by itself.

Human water pollution

We can say that people pollute water more than all other living organisms combined. The consequences of water pollution are detrimental to the entire environment. The harm caused daily by man to the aquatic environment is comparable only to a catastrophe on a global scale. That is why it is impossible to pollute the hydrosphere, and solving the problem of pollution of the aquatic environment is a paramount task.

The consequences of pollution of water bodies are such that now almost all the water present in one form or another on the planet cannot be called clean. Human water pollution falls into three categories:

1. industrial;
2. agricultural;
3. household.

Water pollution by industrial enterprises

Pollution of the hydrosphere is steadily increasing. However, in recent years there has been a trend towards its reduction.

Human water pollution can be primary or secondary. In the primary, harmful substances have a direct negative effect on the human body, flora or fauna. Secondary pollution is considered to be water pollution that is not directly related to a harmful substance that has entered the hydrosphere. Water pollutants cause the extinction of organisms and cause an increase in the number of animal or plant remains, which are also sources of water pollution.

Water pollution kills fish

Types of pollution

There are five main types of hydrosphere pollution:

1. chemical;
2. biological;
3. mechanical;
4. radioactive;
5. thermal.

Discharges of pollutants in wastewater

Why is hydrosphere pollution dangerous for living organisms

Water pollution and its consequences pose a serious threat to the health and life of the organisms inhabiting our planet. There are the following types of such influence:

• neurotoxic;
• carcinogenic;
• genotoxic;
• failure of reproductive function;
• energy disruption.

Neurotoxic effects

Heavy metal poisoning of the nervous system can harm the nervous system of humans and animals and cause mental disorders. They can cause inappropriate behavior. Such pollution of water bodies can cause unreasonable aggression or suicide of its inhabitants. For example, many cases are known when, for some unknown reason, whales were washed ashore.

About 200 black pilot whales have washed up on land near Cape Farewell in the north of the South Island of New Zealand

Carcinogenic effect

Drinking contaminated water is a cause of cancer. Under the influence of toxic substances, absolutely healthy cells of the body are able to degenerate into cancer cells, causing the formation of malignant tumors.

Genotoxicity of water pollutants

The genotoxic properties of pollutants lie in the ability to disrupt the structure of DNA. This can cause serious diseases not only in a person whose body has got harmful substances, but also adversely affect the health of his descendants.

Reproductive Disorders

It often happens that toxic substances do not lead to death, but still cause the extinction of a population of living organisms. Under the influence of dangerous impurities contained in the water, they lose their ability to reproduce.

Violations of energy exchange

Some water pollutants have the ability to inhibit the mitochondria of body cells, resulting in a loss of the ability to produce energy. The consequences of water pollution can be such that many of the life processes of the inhabitants of water bodies slow down or stop, even to death.

What diseases threaten drinking water pollution

Polluted water can contain pathogens that cause the most dangerous diseases. In order to understand what the danger of pollution of water bodies is and what they can lead to, we briefly list some of these diseases:

• cholera;
• oncology;
• congenital pathologies;
• burn of mucous membranes;
• amoebiasis;
• schistosomiasis;
• enterovirus infection;
• gastritis;
• psychical deviations;
• giardiasis.

Cholera epidemic in Haiti

The danger of this situation began to be realized not only by specialists, but also by ordinary residents. This is evidenced by the increase in demand for purified bottled and bottled water around the world. People buy such water to ensure that dangerous pathogens do not enter the body.

Water purification

The main culprit of chemical water pollution is industrial activity. Although water is most actively polluted by industrial enterprises that actively discharge harmful substances into nearby water bodies. It may contain the entire periodic table. In addition to the release of chemical elements, thermal and radiation pollution occurs. The problem of sewage safety is given catastrophically little attention. All over the world, you can count on the fingers of manufacturers that completely clean their effluents, making them safe for the environment.

The discharge of a number of pollutants as part of wastewater was often carried out without an approved permit for the discharge of pollutants into the environment.

This is not due to the negligence of the management, but because of the extreme complexity of the cleaning technology. That is why it is impossible to pollute water bodies. After all, it is easier to prevent pollution than to organize cleaning.

Wastewater treatment plants partially help to solve the problem of pollution. Regardless of the cause of pollution, there are the following types of water treatment:

In general, there are ways to solve the problem.

The problem of water pollution and its solution at the state and global level

World statistics indicate a rapid increase in water consumption. The main reasons for this are the rapid development of production and the growth of the world's population.

For example, in the United States, the daily consumption of water is 3600 billion tons. Back in 1900, Americans needed 160 billion liters a day. Now the country is facing the need to clean up and reuse water resources.

Western Europe has already stepped over this threshold. For example, water taken from the Rhine is reused up to 30 times.

It is no longer possible to significantly reduce water consumption, because for this it will be necessary to reduce production and abandon many of the benefits of civilization. Pollution factors also influence, because the volume of water suitable for consumption is reduced. Therefore, more attention should be paid to maintaining the purity of water resources.

The problem is common to all mankind, because the movement of water masses does not know state borders. If in one country they do not take care of the purity of water resources, which is why the World Ocean is polluted, the ecology of our planet suffers from this.

Pollution of the oceans with plastic waste. Plastic waste sailed from densely populated areas of the continental coast as a result of dumping

The state of water in Russia worries the public no less than all over the world. And here our country has no disagreements with the rest of the world community. After all, it is possible to save water resources only by joint efforts.

Human existence without clean drinking water is impossible. Unfortunately, today there is such a situation that the number of clean sources on Earth is significantly reduced. Now the shortage of clean drinking water is replenished with the help of various water treatment equipment, but the forecast of scientists is rather pessimistic - in a few decades, polluted waters on Earth will prevail.

If we turn to scientific terms, then water pollution is a change in its chemical and physical state, as well as its biological properties, which leads to unsuitability for consumption. For any type of use, water changes its state: when heated, it changes physical properties, when delivered to consumers, chemical properties, even if it has previously passed through.

Toxic substances enter the aquatic environment from natural as well as anthropogenic sources. natural sources of water pollution- this is the destruction of rocks, volcanic activity, the release of waste products of various organisms that live in water bodies. Man also contributes to water pollution as a result of economic activities. Its impact on natural ecosystems has been compared to a natural disaster. This is explained by the fact that all the water bodies of the planet are changing too quickly over the past few years, with natural processes such changes occur over hundreds of years.

The intensive development of agricultural and industrial production and population growth are anthropogenic sources of pollution. Agricultural, domestic and industrial wastewater is discharged into water bodies, as a result of which the composition of water changes. Anthropogenic sources of water pollution can be divided into primary and secondary. In the first case, the quality of water deteriorates due to the ingress of pollutants.

In the second case, an excessive concentration of waste products of aquatic animals and their remains appears, which is caused by a violation of the ecological balance. Let's list the main sources of water pollution:

• river transport;
• river rafting;
• industrial domestic waste water;
• runoff from livestock complexes;
• drainage water from irrigated lands;
• runoff from the territories of industrial sites, territories of settlements and agricultural fields;
• storm sewer;
• global transfer;
• solid runoff from lands that have lost their fertile layer.

The World Health Organization offers a different classification:

• bacteria, various viruses and other pathogens;
• decomposing organic matter absorbed by the oxygen in the water. They bring to the appearance of an unpleasant odor, worsen the taste of water and have a detrimental effect on fish stocks;
• inorganic salts that cannot be removed by conventional methods. These substances make the water unsuitable for drinking and irrigation;
• organic salts that enhance the growth of aquatic vegetation and cause flowering of reservoirs.

They turn into organic matter during photosynthesis and are deposited at the bottom of the reservoir. Pollution of water bodies with toxic substances is very dangerous for human health. They represent a direct and indirect danger through animals that live in water bodies.

Experts put it all together sources of water pollution and identified three main categories, each of which, in the presence of modern facilities, still pollutes both surface and groundwater (wells and artesian wells). Let's take a closer look at these categories.

Settlements

Even in the most modern settlements, the main household waste is sewage. Each person uses approximately 750 liters of water daily for drinking, cooking, hygiene purposes, as well as for watering lawns, washing streets, fighting fires, and so on.

Industry

The main consumers and pollutants are enterprises of various industries in countries with developed industrial production. The amount of wastewater they emit is three times the amount of domestic wastewater.

The pollutant poses a danger to living organisms such as plants or animals. Contaminants can be the result of human activity, such as a by-product of industry, or occur naturally, such as radioactive isotopes, fallout, or animal waste.

Because of how broad the concept of pollution is, it can be assumed that polluted waters existed even before the appearance of the negative activities of mankind.

However, the amount of polluted waters is increasing due to rapid population growth, agricultural activities and industrial development.

Main sources of water pollution

A number of human actions lead to water pollution that is harmful to aquatic life, aesthetic beauty, recreation and human health. The main sources of pollution can be grouped into several categories:

land use

Mankind has a significant impact on the land, including the cultivation of meadows, the construction of buildings, the laying of roads, etc. Land use leads to disruption during precipitation and snowmelt. As water flows over the barren land and forms streams, it traps everything in its path, including harmful substances. Vegetation is important because it holds back the organic and mineral components of the soil.

Impenetrable surfaces

Most artificial surfaces cannot absorb water like soil and roots. Rooftops, parking lots, and roads allow rain or melted snow to flow at high speed and volume, picking up heavy metals, oils, road salt, and other contaminants along the way. Otherwise, the pollutants would be absorbed by the soil and vegetation, and would naturally break down. Instead, they concentrate in wastewater and then end up in bodies of water.

Agriculture

General agricultural practices such as soil exposure to fertilizers and pesticides and livestock concentration contribute to water pollution. Water saturated with phosphorus and nitrates leads to algal blooms and other problems, including. Improper management of agricultural land and livestock can also lead to significant soil erosion.

Mining

Mine tailings are piles of discarded stones after the valuable part of the ore has been removed. Tailings can leach large amounts of pollutants into surface and groundwater. By-products are sometimes stored in artificial reservoirs, and the absence of dams to hold back these reservoirs can lead to an ecological disaster.

Industry

Industrial activity is the main source of water pollution. In the past, liquid waste was dumped directly into rivers or placed in special barrels, which were then buried somewhere. These barrels then began to break down, and harmful substances seeped into the soil and then into groundwater. In addition, accidental spills of pollutants occur quite often and entail negative consequences for human health and.

Energy sector

The extraction and transportation of fossil fuels, especially oil, results in spills that can have long-term impacts on water resources. In addition, coal-fired power plants emit large amounts of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. When these pollutants dissolve in rainwater and enter waterways, they significantly acidify rivers and lakes. Hydroelectric power generation results in significantly less pollution, but still has some detrimental impacts on aquatic ecosystems.

home activities

There are many actions we can take every day to prevent water pollution: avoid using pesticides, collect pet waste, properly dispose of household chemicals and medications, avoid plastic, watch for oil leaks in the car, clean drains regularly, etc.

Trash

A lot of garbage is stored in the environment, and plastic products are not subject to biodegradation, but only break down into harmful microparticles.

Is a substance always a pollutant?

Not always. For example, nuclear power plants use huge amounts of water to cool the reactor with a steam generator. The warm water then flows back into the river from which it is pumped, creating a warm plume that affects aquatic life downstream.

Most of the water resources on Earth are polluted. Even if our planet is covered with 70% water, not all of it is suitable for human use. Rapid industrialization, misuse of scarce water resources and many other factors play a role in the process of water pollution. Every year, about 400 billion tons of waste is generated worldwide. Most of this waste is dumped into water bodies. Of the total water on Earth, only 3% is fresh water. If this fresh water is constantly polluted, then the water crisis will become a serious problem in the near future. Therefore, it is necessary to take proper care of our water resources. The facts of water pollution in the world presented in this article should help in understanding the seriousness of this problem.

Facts and figures of water pollution in the world

Water pollution is a problem that affects almost every country in the world. If proper steps are not taken to control this threat, it will lead to disastrous consequences in the near future. Facts pertaining to water pollution are presented using the following points.

The rivers in the Asian continent are the most polluted. The content of lead in these rivers is 20 times higher than in the reservoirs of industrialized countries of other continents. The bacteria found in these rivers (from human waste) is three times more than the average worldwide.

In Ireland, chemical fertilizers and sewage are major water pollutants. About 30% of the rivers in this country are polluted.
Groundwater pollution is a major problem in Bangladesh. Arsenic is one of the main pollutants that affects the quality of water in this country. About 85% of the total area of ​​Bangladesh is contaminated with groundwater. This means that more than 1.2 million citizens of this country are exposed to the harmful effects of arsenic-contaminated water.
The king river in Australia, the Murray, is one of the most polluted rivers in the world. As a result, 100,000 different mammals, about 1 million birds and some other creatures died due to the acidic water present in this river.

The situation in America in relation to water pollution is not much different from the rest of the world. It is noted that about 40% of the rivers in the United States are polluted. For this reason, the water from these rivers should not be used for drinking, bathing or any similar activity. These rivers are not capable of supporting aquatic life. Forty-six percent of lakes in the US are unsuitable for supporting aquatic life.

Contaminants in water from the construction industry include: cement, gypsum, metal, abrasives, etc. These materials are much more harmful than biological waste.
The thermal pollution of water, caused by the runoff of hot water from industrial enterprises, is increasing. An increase in water temperature is a threat to the ecological balance. Many aquatic creatures lose their lives due to thermal pollution.

Drainage caused by rainfall is one of the main causes of water pollution. Waste materials such as oils, chemicals emitted from vehicles, household chemicals, etc., are major pollutants from urban areas. Mineral and organic fertilizers and pesticide residues make up the bulk of the pollutants.

Oil spills in the oceans are one of the global problems that are responsible for water pollution on a large scale. Thousands of fish and other aquatic creatures die from oil spills a year. In addition to oil, there are also huge amounts of practically non-degradable waste found in the oceans, like all kinds of plastic products. The facts of water pollution in the world speak of an impending global problem and this article should help to gain a deeper understanding about it.

There is a process of eutrophication, in which there is a deterioration of water in reservoirs to a large extent. As a result of eutrophication, excessive growth of phytoplankton begins. The level of oxygen in the water is reduced to a great extent and thus the life of fish and other living creatures of the water are endangered.

Water pollution control

It must be understood that the water we pollute can harm us in the long run. Once toxic chemicals enter the food chain, humans have no choice but to live and carry them through the body system. Reducing the use of chemical fertilizers is one of the best ways to clean water from contaminants. Otherwise, these vague chemicals will permanently pollute water bodies on earth. Efforts are being made to tackle the problem of water pollution. However, this problem cannot be completely solved because effective measures must be taken to eliminate it. Given the rate at which we are disrupting the ecosystem, it becomes necessary to follow strict regulations in reducing water pollution. Lakes and rivers on planet Earth are becoming more and more polluted. Here are the facts of water pollution in the world and it is necessary to concentrate and organize the efforts of people and governments of all countries in a proper way to help minimize problems.

Rethinking the facts about water pollution

Water is the most valuable strategic resource of the Earth. Continuing the theme of the facts of water pollution in the world, we present new information provided by scientists in the context of this problem. If we take into account all water reserves, then no more than 1% of the water is clean and potable. Drinking contaminated water causes 3.4 million deaths every year, and this number is only going to increase in the future. To avoid this fate, do not drink water anywhere, and even more so from rivers and lakes. If you can't afford bottled water, use water purification methods. At a minimum, this is boiling, but it is better to use special cleaning filters.

Another problem is the availability of drinking water. So in many regions of Africa and Asia it is very difficult to find sources of clean water. Often, in order to get water, the inhabitants of these parts of the world walk several kilometers a day. Naturally, in these places, some people die not only from drinking dirty water, but also from dehydration.

Considering the facts about water, it is worth emphasizing that over 3.5 thousand liters of water are lost every day, which splashes and evaporates from river basins.

To solve the problem of pollution and lack of drinking water in the world, it needs to attract public attention and the attention of organizations that can solve it. If the governments of all countries make an effort and organize the rational use of water resources, the situation in many states will improve significantly. However, we forget that everything depends on ourselves. If people themselves save water, we can continue to enjoy this benefit. For example, in Peru, a billboard was erected with information about the problem of clean water. This attracts the attention of the population of the country and improves their awareness on this issue.