How does a revolver of the revolver system work. "Nagant" (revolver): technical characteristics and modern modifications Nagant with a long barrel

The revolver consists of the following parts and mechanisms: a barrel, a frame with a handle, a drum with an axle, a double-acting trigger, a mechanism for feeding cartridges and fixing the drum, a mechanism for removing spent cartridges, sights, a fuse.

Details of the revolver "Nagant": 1 - front sight; 2 - trunk; 3- ramrod tube; 4 - frame; 5- aiming slot; 6 - drum axis; 7- movable tube; eight- spring; nine- drum; ten- door; eleven- screws; 12- door spring; thirteen- connecting screw; 14 - striker; fifteen- striker pin; sixteen- trigger; 17- connecting rod; eighteen- spring; nineteen- action spring; 20- slider; 21 - breech; 22- dog; 23 - trigger; 24 - trigger guard; 25 - ramrod; 26- ramrod spring; 27 - side cover; 28 - insert; 29- cheeks; 30 - ring.

The barrel of the revolver "Nagant".

Frame with a screwed barrel of the Nagant revolver: 1 - barrel; 2- groove; 3- notch for the belt of the drum; 4- notch for the front end of the trigger guard; 5- threaded hole for the trigger guard screw; 6- trigger axis; 7- trigger axis; eight- aiming slot; 9 - shield; ten- slot for the nose of the dog; eleven- vertical groove; 12- hole for connecting screw; 13 - threaded socket; 14 - a smooth hole for the nipple of the mainspring; fifteen- back of the head; 16 - ring; 17 - axis of the trigger guard.

The barrel of the revolver "Nagant"

The barrel inside has a channel with four rifling and a widening in the breech for the muzzle of the sleeve. Outside, the barrel has a threaded stub for connecting to the frame and a limiter belt for a ramrod tube (the belt has a cutout for the end of the tube tide and a line for installing a ramrod tube).

Frame with the handle of the revolver "Nagant"

The frame consists of four walls and is integral with the handle. The front wall has a threaded channel for the barrel, a smooth channel for the drum axle and a cutout for the drum axle head. The top wall has a groove for easy aiming. The bottom wall has a recess for the passage of the belt of the drum, a semicircular cutout for the trigger guard, a threaded hole for the trigger guard screw, the axis of the trigger. On the rear wall there is an aiming slot, a rear sight, a chute for facilitating insertion of cartridges into the drum, a rack of the drum door with a hole for a screw, a chute for a door spring with a hole for a screw, a drum shield that holds cartridges, a hole for the thin end of the drum axis, a window and a nest for the head of the breech, slot for the nose of the dog, slots for the slider, the axis of the breech. The handle has an axis for the trigger, an axis for the tail of the trigger guard, a hole for the connecting screw with a side cover, a hole for the nipple of the mainspring. The side cover of the frame has two sockets for the axes of the trigger and the trigger, a recess for moving the pawl and a tube for the connecting screw. The frame with the barrel, side cover and trigger guard make up the body of the revolver. The trigger guard has a semicircular cutout with a recess for the mounting screw and a tail with a hole for the axle.

Side cover of the Nagant revolver: 1- nest for the axis of the trigger; 2- socket for the end of the trigger axis; 3- outlet; 4 - tube with a channel for the connecting screw; 5 - wooden cheek.

Drum with the axis of the revolver "Nagant"

The drum has a central channel for placing a movable tube with a spring and the end of the axis of the drum, a circular groove and a groove in the channel for the nipple of the drum tube, recesses to lighten the drum, a belt with recesses for the trigger nipple and notches for the door tooth, a notch with rims on the front wall , surrounding chambers, a ratchet wheel with cutouts for the nose of the dog. The axis of the drum has a head for its fixation and a channel for the ramrod.

The trigger mechanism of the revolver "Nagant"

It consists of a trigger with a striker, a connecting rod with a spring, a trigger and a mainspring.

Trigger guard revolver "Nagant": 1- semicircular cut; 2- tail; 3- hole.

Drum revolver "Nagant": 1- ratchet wheel; 2- central channel; 3- chamber; 4- excavation.

The axis of the drum revolver "Nagant";/ - head; 2 - thin end; 3- thick end.

The trigger with the connecting rod of the revolver "Nagant":I - spoke; 2- striker; 3- tail; 4 - combat ledge; 5 - toe with a combat platoon; b- connecting rod; 7- ledge.

The trigger consists of a knitting needle, a striker swinging on a hairpin, a toe with a combat platoon, a ledge and a lure for contact with the mainspring, and a recess for the connecting rod with a spring. The connecting rod has a nose for contact with the trigger sear and a protrusion with a hole and limiting bevels for placement in the trigger groove. The trigger has a cranked protrusion for raising and lowering the slider, a sear for cocking the trigger and self-cocking, a recess for the mainspring pen, a hole for the pawl, a tail for pressing when firing, a nipple for fixing the drum, a ledge for retracting the drum after the shot and an axle hole. The mainspring is lamellar, two-pronged, held in the frame with a nipple. The top feather has a protrusion for pulling the trigger back with the help of the trigger ledge after the shot and a platform for contact with the trigger lug. The chainstay provides a forward trigger position and pawl retention.

The mainspring of the revolver "Nagant":I - ledge; 2- top feather; 3- playground; 4- bottom pen.

Trigger revolver "Nagant": 1- crank protrusion; 2-nipple; 3- tail; 4- hole for the axle of the dog; 5- whispered; 6 - ledge.

Dog revolver "Nagant": 1- nose; 2- axis.

Slider revolver "Nagant": 1- cutout for the passage of the striker; 2-recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger.

Mechanisms for feeding cartridges, fixing the drum and locking the Nagant revolver.

The mechanism includes the following parts: trigger, pawl, slider, breech, movable tube with a spring and a door with a spring. The pawl has a spout for contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel and an axle, half cut, for placement in the trigger hole and contact with the lower feather of the mainspring.

Movable tube and its spring revolver "Nagant": 1- nipple; 2- ledge.

Revolver breech "Nagant": 1- head; 2- ledge.

The door and its spring revolver "Nagant": 1- nipple; 2- ears; 3-tooth

The slider has a cutout at the top for the passage of the striker, and at the bottom - a recess for the cranked protrusion of the trigger. Treasury. Its configuration consists of: a head with a channel for the passage of the striker, a bevel for tilting forward under the action of the slider, a protrusion for returning the slider to its original position and a hole for the axle. The movable tube has a ledge for resting its spring and a nipple for fixing in the opening of the drum. Door. Its configuration consists of ears with holes for mounting on the frame stand, a nipple for fixing the drum when it is loaded, a tooth for limiting the rotation of the drum to the left when the door is closed.

The mechanism for removing spent cartridges of the revolver "Nagant"

The mechanism consists of a ramrod tube and a ramrod with a spring. The ramrod tube has a tide with a channel for moving the ramrod, a protrusion to hold the drum axis, a cutout in the tide for the tooth of the ramrod spring, a hole for the screw of the ramrod spring. The ramrod has a knurled head and a stem with longitudinal and transverse grooves for the spring tooth. The ramrod spring is lamellar and has a tooth for fixing the ramrod when entering the ramrod groove.

Sights revolver "Nagant"

They consist of a front sight and a slot (pillar) on the back wall of the frame. The front sight is movable and has paws with which it slides into the groove of the front sight base on the trunk.

Fuse revolver "Nagant"

The upper feather of the mainspring acts as a fuse against accidental shots, which, with its protrusion, presses on the ledge of the trigger and takes it to the rear position, removing the striker from the primer-cartridge.

Nagant revolver, Nagant (7.62 mm Nagant revolver arr. 1895, GRAU index - 56-N-121) - a revolver developed by Belgian gunsmiths brothers Emile (Émile) (1830-1902) and Leon (Léon) ( 1833-1900) Naganami (Nagant), which was in service and produced in a number of countries at the end of the 19th - the middle of the 20th century.

Revolver Nagant - video

In the last quarter of the 19th century, many states thought about rearming their armies. By that time, revolvers were the most promising example of personal short-barreled firearms, combining sufficient design simplicity, multi-charge and reliability. The Belgian city of Liege was one of the European centers of the arms industry. Since 1859, the Emile and Leon Nagant Arms Factory (Fabrique d’armes Emile et Léon Nagant) has existed in it - a small family workshop that repaired Dutch revolvers and designed its own firearms. The first revolver of the original design was presented by the elder brother Emil for testing to the Belgian military department, and it was accepted into service as an officer and non-commissioned officer's weapon under the name "Model 1878 revolver".

The Model 1878 9mm revolver was a six-shot revolver equipped with a "double-action mechanism", that is, the cocking of the hammer could be carried out directly by the shooter's hand or automatically by pulling the trigger. For non-commissioned officers of the infantry, cavalry and auxiliary personnel, on the instructions of the leadership of the Belgian army, a “9-mm revolver Nagant M / 1883” was developed with deliberately degraded combat qualities: due to the introduction of an additional part, the possibility of firing “self-cocking” was excluded, after each shot it was necessary re-cock the hammer. Several more modifications of the revolver of different calibers and barrel lengths were released. Soon, Emil Nagant, as a result of an illness, almost completely lost his sight, and Leon Nagant undertook the main work to improve the design.

Model 1886

In the 1886 model of the year, the weight of the weapon was slightly reduced and the reliability and manufacturability of the design were significantly improved, for example, the four springs of the firing mechanism were replaced with just one double-pronged one. Also, the new model took into account the existing trend in the development of weapons in the direction of reducing the caliber, the most common at that time 7.5-mm cartridge with smokeless powder was chosen. One of the main problems facing the designers of revolvers was the breakthrough of powder gases into the gap between the breech section of the barrel and the front end of the drum. In the design of the Belgian gunsmith Henri Pieper, a solution to the problem of obturation was found: before firing, the trigger mechanism moved the revolver drum forward, the cartridge had a special design, the bullet in it was completely recessed into the sleeve, the role of the obturator was played by the mouth of the sleeve, distributed and pressed by powder gases at the time of the shot to bore, which excluded the possibility of gas breakthrough. This principle, with a significant simplification of the design that pushes the drum onto the barrel, was used by Leon Nagant in 1892; a cartridge with a sleeve equipped with an elongated muzzle was developed for a new model of a revolver. This model of the Nagant revolver has become a classic, subsequent modifications did not bring noticeable changes to the design.

Design

In all revolvers of the Nagant design, common foundations and signs can be traced:

The presence of a double-action trigger mechanism, which made it possible to shoot both with a preliminary cocking of the trigger and self-cocking (with the exception of "soldier" and "non-commissioned" pre-revolutionary models, in which the self-cocking mechanism was blocked in order to reduce ammunition consumption)

Monolithic one-piece frame

A door that opens the drum chambers by turning to the side. The exception is the 1910, which has a door that swings back and releases the drum, which swings to the right.

The barrel is screwed into the frame on a blind landing

A ramrod, in a combat position, hiding in the axis of the drum, and after firing, playing the role of an extractor (ejector) of spent cartridges

The mechanism, which is in the frame, is closed with a flat cover

The revolver drum is both a chamber and a magazine. The most common model (sample 1895) and most of its modifications have a drum capacity of 7 rounds. The hollow axis of the drum is inserted into the frame in front and is held in it by a ramrod tube installed in front of the drum on the neck of the barrel with the ability to turn on it as on an axis. On models with a drum sliding onto the barrel, the drum is equipped with a return mechanism consisting of a drum tube and a spring. On the right wall of the frame there is a locking device of the drum, the role of which is played by a spring-loaded door. In the open (folded sideways) position, the door allowed loading and unloading the revolver, in the closed position it closed the chamber, preventing the cartridge from falling out and preventing the drum from turning counterclockwise. On the drum there are seven nests and recesses for the protrusion of the door in the open and closed position. The revolver mechanism consists of parts that perform the functions of a locking mechanism, a trigger mechanism and rotate and push the drum onto the barrel: a breech, a slider, a trigger with a pawl and a mainspring. Sights consisted of a rear sight with an aiming slot on the top of the frame and a front sight on the front of the barrel. In total, there are 39 parts in the design of the revolver of the 1895 model.

trigger mechanism

The trigger mechanism is a double-acting trigger (there was also a variant with a single-action trigger), the striker is pivotally mounted on the trigger, the mainspring is lamellar, two-pronged, placed in the handle. The sear is made integral with the trigger. There is no fuse, but when the trigger is not pressed, a special part does not allow the striker to come into contact with the primer. When cocked, the trigger also activates a specific locking mechanism that moves the drum of the revolver forward, and the trigger ensures that the drum is stopped from rotating.

Combat strength

From 35 steps (25 m) on a package of dry pine boards, 2.54 cm (one inch) thick, located at a distance of 8 cm from one another, penetration is observed: 3 boards - 100% bullets, 4 boards - 70%, 5 boards - 25%. One board breaks through at a distance of up to 200 steps (140 m).

Production

Already the early 9-mm model of 1878 received positive reviews from the Belgian army, which contributed to the fame of the Nagant factory brand in the world market.
The Nagant revolver of the 1895 model, as well as its modifications, were produced by many arms companies around the world. Among them: the Belgian "Lepage", "Bayar", "Frankot", the German "Enel" in Zul, the Russian Imperial Tula Arms Plant, the Spanish "Arizmendi-Goenaga", the Polish one in the city of Radom and others.

Adoption in Russia

At the end of the 19th century, the Russian Empire began a massive rearmament of its army. The Mosin rifle of the 1891 model was chosen as the main sample of small arms. The model of the 4.2-linear (10.67-mm) revolver of the Smith-Wesson III system of the 1880 model, obsolete by that time, served as a standard revolver. The Commission for the development of a small-caliber rifle, headed by Lieutenant General N. G. Chagin, was involved in the search for promising models. The main requirements for the new army revolver were as follows:

Great bullet stopping power. Since one of the main types of troops was cavalry, a shot at an effective range (up to 50 steps) should stop the horse.

- "The strength of the battle" should be able to penetrate four to five inch pine boards.

Small weight (0.82-0.92 kg).

The caliber, number, direction, barrel rifling profile, etc. must match those of the three-line Mosin rifle, then defective rifle barrels can be used in the manufacture of revolvers.

The revolver should not be equipped with a self-cocking device, because it "has a harmful effect on accuracy."

The muzzle velocity of the bullet must be at least 300 m/s.

The revolver must have good accuracy of fire.

The design should be simple and technological.

The revolver must be reliable, insensitive to dirt and poor operating conditions, and easy to maintain.

Extraction of sleeves should not be simultaneous, but sequential.

Sights must be designed so that the trajectory of the bullet crosses the line of sight at a distance of 35 steps.

- The capacity of the drum is not less than 7 rounds.

Cartridge with flanged brass case, jacketed bullet and smokeless powder.

The rejection of self-cocking firing and the simultaneous extraction of spent cartridges was caused by the opinion that, firstly, they would complicate the design (which would negatively affect the reliability and cost of the revolver), and secondly, they would lead to "excessive consumption of ammunition."

The announced competition and the potential gigantic order aroused great interest among domestic and foreign arms manufacturers. Several modifications of the existing Smith-Wesson revolver, revolvers and automatic pistols were introduced. The main struggle unfolded between the Belgian gunsmiths Henri Pieper with the M1889 Bayard revolver model and Leon Nagant with the M1892.

Leon Nagant had to remake the revolver for the Russian 7.62-mm caliber and, as in 1883, exclude the possibility of self-cocking firing, worsening the characteristics of the weapon in accordance with the requirements of the competition. Two variants were presented - 6- and 7-shot revolvers. Piper's revolver was rejected due to the large mass and unreliability of the design. Leon Nagant's victory in the competition was probably largely due to the fact that he already had long-established connections in the Russian military department. For a patent for a revolver, Nagant requested 75,000 rubles, which he was ultimately denied and a second competition was appointed with new specified conditions. In addition to the characteristics, they stipulated a bonus: 20,000 rubles for the design of the revolver and 5,000 for the design of the cartridge; in addition, the winner "given his invention to the full ownership of the Russian government, which received the right to manufacture it both in its own country and abroad, without any surcharge to the inventor." Pieper submitted to the competition newly redesigned revolvers with original automatics, which the commission considered "witty, but not practical."

The six-barreled revolver of S. I. Mosin was also rejected. Refinements in the design of the Nagant revolver were less significant, and after comparative tests with a 4.2-line Smith-Wesson revolver, the design was approved. According to the results of military tests, the officers participating in them expressed an insistent desire to get a double-action revolver with the possibility of self-cocking fire. Returning to the self-cocking version of the revolver, the commission did not consider it completely satisfactory either, so it was decided to adopt two types of revolvers into service with the Russian army: self-cocking officer and non-self-cocking - for non-commissioned officers and privates. After a number of minor changes, the design was approved in the spring of 1895.

On May 13, 1895, by decree of Nicholas II, the "soldier" and "officer" models of the Nagant revolver were adopted by the Russian army, however, according to the military department, the revolvers were officially adopted in June 1896, by order of the Minister of War No. 186.

The purchase price of a revolver produced in Belgium did not exceed 30-32 rubles for the Russian army. The contract provided for the delivery of 20,000 revolvers of the 1895 model over the next three years. The Belgian side was also contractually obliged to assist in setting up the production of revolvers at the Imperial Tula Arms Plant. The design of the Russian-made revolver underwent a slight modernization: the back of the handle was made whole (and not split, as in the Belgian version), the shape of the front sight was simplified. The production technology has also been improved. The cost of the Tula revolver was 22 rubles 60 kopecks. The order for five years - from 1899 to 1904 - amounted to 180,000 units. However, when comparing prices, it should be borne in mind that in Russia the revolver was produced at a state-owned enterprise and many costs were not taken into account. For example, to establish production, the treasury purchased machine tools in the United States for more than a million rubles. If this amount were paid directly by the Tula plant, the cost of production would be much higher.

Use in Russia and the USSR

1900-1917

The first successful combat use of Nagant revolvers dates back to 1900. The Russian Expeditionary Force took part in the suppression of the "Boxer Rebellion" in China. On June 3, 1900, during the capture of the Taku fortification, which blocked the mouth of the Peiho River, the commander of the consolidated company of the 12th Siberian Regiment, Lieutenant Stankevich, who was one of the first to break into the enemy’s location, shot two attacking Chinese soldiers.

The reduction in appropriations of the military department since 1903 led to a sharp decrease in the production of revolvers, and the Russo-Japanese War had just begun, forcing the government to send emergency loans for the purchase of weapons. In 1905, the Tula plant was ordered to produce 64,830 revolvers of the 1895 model, but only 62,917 revolvers were produced. After the war, funding for the rearmament program of the army was once again reduced, and the interdepartmental commission created in 1908 allowed the manufacture of revolvers on orders directly from military units.

The tsarist government began to prepare for a big war too late: the “Great Program to Strengthen the Army” was announced only on July 7, 1914, three weeks before the start of the First World War. At this time, the armies of developed countries begin to replace revolvers with self-loading pistols, the best examples of which are superior to revolvers in terms of combat characteristics (especially in rate of fire, reload speed and dimensions). In Russia, the next rearmament was considered inappropriate.

By July 20, 1914, according to the report card, the troops had 424,434 Nagant revolvers of all modifications (out of 436,210 laid down in the state), that is, the army was provided with revolvers by 97.3%, but already in the first battles, the loss of weapons was significant. Measures were taken to reconstruct the arms industry, and 474,800 revolvers were produced from 1914 to 1917.

The revolver of the 1895 model was distinguished by the comparative simplicity of design, manufacturability and low cost. The labor intensity of manufacturing one revolver was about 30 machine-hours. At the same time, some assembly operations (installation of the axes of the mechanism in the frame) required a fairly high qualification of the personnel. In combat conditions, one of the main advantages was unpretentiousness in operation and reliability: for example, a misfire did not affect the possibility of firing the next shot and did not cause a delay. You can also note the high maintainability of the revolver.

1917-1939

Nagant became one of the symbols of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the subsequent civil war, and later the word "nagant" became a household word - in colloquial speech, any revolver, and sometimes a self-loading pistol, was often called "nagant".

Only the self-cocking ("officer") version of the revolver was adopted by the Red Army, while the technological documentation in 1918 was transferred to the metric system of measurements. During the Civil War, the Tula Arms Plant continued to produce revolvers - in the period from 1918 to 1920, 175,115 pieces were manufactured (52,863 pieces in 1918, 79,060 pieces in 1919 and 43,192 pieces in 1920). After the end of the civil war, the question of re-equipping the Red Army was repeatedly raised, but even after the adoption of the TT pistol in 1930, the production of revolvers continued.

In June-July 1930, the design and production technology of the revolver underwent a slight modification: the sight slot became semicircular instead of triangular, the front sight was supposed to be replaced with a rectangular one, but then a more complex semicircular truncated shape was introduced.
The cost of one revolver "revolver" (with a set of spare parts) in 1939 was 85 rubles

1939-1945

Until the beginning of World War II, the production of revolvers and pistols at the Tula plant was maintained at approximately the same level, from 1932 to 1941 more than 700,000 revolvers were produced. The advantages of pistols were quite obvious to the leadership of the Red Army, however, for a number of reasons, the TT pistol and revolvers were produced in parallel. One of the reasons was the opinion that the gun must necessarily be suitable for firing through the embrasures of the tank. The TT pistol was clearly not suitable for this, and the new models of pistols, which had a barrel not covered by a casing, turned out to be worse than the TT. In 1941, the Tula Arms Plant was evacuated to Udmurtia, to the city of Izhevsk, where the production of revolvers continued, and in 1942 a partial re-evacuation was made from Izhevsk to Tula.

Over 370,000 revolvers were produced between 1942 and 1945. The revolver was in service with the Red Army, the Polish Army, the 1st Czechoslovak Corps, the 1st Romanian Infantry Division named after Tudor Vladimirescu, the 1st Yugoslav Infantry Brigade, the French Normandie-Niemen Fighter Aviation Regiment.

In wartime, the percentage of defects in production increased - the lack of qualified personnel affected. The quality of finishing of military revolvers was lower than in peacetime. The combat use of revolvers revealed the moral obsolescence of its design and the lack of combat qualities, the most noticeable loss in comparison with self-loading pistols was the low practical rate of fire (that is, a large loss of time for reloading).

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the revolver was removed from service with the Soviet army and its production was discontinued. However, the revolvers of the Nagant system were in service with the police until the mid-1950s, and in the paramilitary security system and the cash collection system - much longer. Until at least 2000, revolvers were used by geological enterprises. According to the regulations of the Ministry of Geology of the USSR, the heads of parties and expeditions, chief and senior geologists armed themselves with revolvers.

Combat mods

soldier revolver- a revolver with a non-self-cocking trigger mechanism, production was discontinued in 1918;

officer revolver- revolver with self-cocking trigger mechanism;

carbines- before the First World War, a limited number of carbines with a barrel length of 300 mm and an integral butt and a revolver with a barrel extended up to 200 mm and a removable butt were produced for the border troops.

commander's revolver- a compact version of the revolver, involving concealed carrying, with a barrel length reduced to 85 mm and a shortened handle. Designed in 1927, produced until 1932 in small batches, about 25 thousand pieces were produced. Entered service with the OGPU and the NKVD.

in addition, for reconnaissance and sabotage units in 1929, a silenced revolver, equipped with the BRAMIT silent-flameless firing device of the system of the brothers V. G. and I. G. Mitin.

Nagant wz. thirty- a Nagant revolver of the 1895 model of Polish production, from 1930 to 1939 it was mass-produced at an arms factory in Radom, in total 20 thousand pieces were produced in Poland. revolvers "nagant" in two versions: Ng wz.30 and Ng wz.32

Sports modifications

training revolver Nagant-Smirnsky model 1926- designer A. A. Smirnsky, in 1925-1939. 3500 pieces were released. under the 5.6 mm rimfire cartridge.

Nagant sports revolver- model 1953, had a weighted barrel, non-self-cocking trigger mechanism, adjustable sights

MC-4- model 1955 with a barrel length of 147 mm, designer - V. A. Paramonov. The revolver was produced in 1956-1966, a total of 8220 pieces were produced. MTs-4 and MTs-4-1.

TOZ-36- a sports revolver of the 1962 model designed by E. L. Khaidurov.

TOZ-49- a sports revolver of the 1972 model, designer E. L. Khaidurov.It features a shortened drum chambered for a revolver cartridge 7.62 × 26 mm.

TOZ-96- export version of TOZ-49 chambered for .32 S&W Long Wadcutter, produced since 1996.

Conversion to sports and hunting weapons

- conversion model chambered for .22 LR, representsa revolver "revolver" with a barrel extended to 500 mm, a wooden forearm andan integral wooden butt. The mass of the carbine is 2 kg. Productioncarbine was launched in 2010

Revolver "Thunder"- a conversion model manufactured by the Ukrainian company SOBR LLC, a sports and training revolver chambered for a 4 mm Flaubert cartridge

Conversion to civilian self-defense weapons

In the early 2000s, on the basis of the Nagant revolver, several variants of gas and traumatic revolvers were developed, which are produced by reworking from combat "revolvers".

Russia produces civilian weapons of self-defense: traumatic revolvers R1 "Naganych" chambered for 9 mm R. A. and VPO-502 "Nagan-M" chambered for 10 × 32 mm T, as well as a service traumatic revolver RS chambered for 10 × 23 mm T.

In psychology, there is a test called "associative series" - this is when a person is told a word or shown a picture, and he must name the word that he associates with the presented object. For example, "hare" - "wolf", "rain" - "puddle". And what association does a person have with the word "revolver"? If the question was raised for a resident of the United States, the answer could be "Smith and Wesson", and from the inhabitants of the post-Soviet space one can hear only one answer - a revolver. The revolver is a legend of several generations. In all feature films about the First and Second World Wars, about bandits and law enforcement agencies, a revolver is used everywhere. All schoolboys, show them the legendary revolver, without hesitation, they will say that it is a revolver, and they will also ask you to shoot.

It all started with the requirements for the performance characteristics of a revolver

Historically, at the end of the nineteenth century, local gunsmiths did not produce concealed short-barreled weapons for the Russian army. At that time, the Smith and Wesson revolver was used, which performed well in the Russian-Turkish war, but its weight and technical performance left much to be desired. For a country that is constantly in armed clashes, protecting its borders from raids by enemy armies, a self-cocking weapon was needed for firing at short distances. Russian military commanders staged a grandiose tender of that time for all European gunsmith designers. The task was not easy, but it was thanks to this that it became the most massive in production in the world and overgrown with legends among connoisseurs of weapons. Among them were the following:

1. The revolver must stop the horse from 35 meters, or pierce half a dozen inch boards from the same distance.
2. The muzzle velocity of the bullet must be greater than 300 meters per second.
3. The mass of the revolver must not exceed a kilogram.
4. The caliber should be three lines - 7.62 mm according to the new standards.
5. The capacity of the drum should hold more than the standard six rounds at that time.
6. Smokeless powder was used, and brass should be used as the case material.

A huge number of requirements were put forward to the manufacturer, but all of them for the most part described the tactical and technical characteristics of an existing weapon that was used by the military of the Russian army.

The cunning and ingenuity of the Belgian gunsmiths immortalized their creation for centuries.

The Belgian gunsmiths Leon and Emile Nagant were already developing such a revolver at that time. However, the caliber of their revolver was 5.45 mm, and there were only six rounds in the drum. The brothers went to the trick - having made two dozen revolvers, they presented them to the Russian Tsar, all ministers and military commanders. The tender for the choice of a gunsmith ended before it even started. Even a few years later, the revolvers presented by European gunsmiths could not surpass the revolver of the revolver system.

To fulfill all the requirements of the customer, the designers had to create a new drum for seven rounds and increase the caliber of the bullet by using barrels from three-line rifles. Having fulfilled all the conditions of the contract, the Nagant brothers delivered twenty thousand revolvers to the Russian army within three years and ensured the production of the Nagant at the Tula Arms Plant.

Belgian gunsmiths also provided two versions of their creation. Slightly changing the device of the revolver, they made it so that the revolver could now be with a self-cocking mechanism, as well as with a manual cocking of the trigger. This change affected the price of the revolver. So, an ordinary soldier was supposed to cock the trigger with his finger during the battle, and the officers received a self-cocking weapon.

World famous for several years

Having studied the drawing for the Naganov pistol patent, any gunsmith could reproduce it without much effort. After all, the device of the revolver "revolver" is simpler than any similar competitor. A few years later, revolvers of the same name with a reduced bullet caliber began to appear in the United States, South America and Europe. However, the whole mechanism was very similar to the Tula revolver - revolver. Photos taken by reporters over a century confirm this fact:

1. A self-cocking trigger mechanism that retracts the hammer by pulling the trigger.
2. Monolithic, non-separable frame of the revolver.
3. The ramrod tube in the combat position is retracted inside the axis of the drum.
4. The barrel screwed into the frame on a blind landing.
5. The entire trigger mechanism is mounted in the frame and closed with a removable cover.
6. Uses smokeless powder.

On the other hand, it was thanks to the growing popularity of the revolver all over the world, and, accordingly, to mass production, that a large leather holster for a revolver appeared. Historical documents testify that in tsarist times there was no holster. However, if we talk about the production of a revolver in Serbia, then a holster for it appeared there, exactly the same as that used by the Red Army.

Favorite weapon of bandits and Red Army soldiers

If we turn to history, whether it be a textbook, a film or a documentary video, one can first of all pay attention to the lack of a large assortment of weapons among the warring parties. Machine gun "Maxim", Mosin rifle and the most popular weapon - revolver. The revolver is present in the fighters from both sides of the conflict. Any military man will confirm that the fewer types of weapons in the war, the more likely it is to find the necessary ammunition for their weapons in battle. To conduct a battle, you need the weapon itself, supplies for it and its fault tolerance. And given that the cleaning and disassembly of the revolver "revolver" was carried out in a very short time, this can explain why it pleased all the participants in the conflict.

Up until the start of World War II, the significant and only drawback of the revolver was the difficulty of pulling the trigger to fire a shot. The exponential ease of shooting simultaneously with two hands is false for that time. You can see a similar technique in the movie "The Elusive Avengers".

The best weapon for SMERSH

From the beginning of World War II until the Caribbean crisis of 1962, Soviet gunsmiths developed a huge number of pistols and revolvers, which they tried to promote in military circles. Having made one misfire during test firing at the firing range, the then unknown Tula Tokarev caliber 7.62 mm was stuck in the laboratories of the arms factory for a long time. However, having appeared towards the end of the twentieth century, the TT 7.62 mm pistol has become a favorite weapon of criminals, due to its low price, excellent fail-safety and huge lethal force.

The leading staff of the state, GRU intelligence officers, spies and the NKVD received at their disposal the best revolver in the world. The revolver pistol has undergone many improvements. Along with the usual gun in the museum, you can find a revolver with a silencer and a flame extinguisher for SMERSH and GRU employees. Until now, among the collectors of weapons, the revolver carbine is in demand, which was intended for the border troops and made it possible to fight at long distances.

Favorite weapon of the military in peacetime

After the end of the Second World War, all the weapons used by soldiers in battles and captured from the enemy were located in the military warehouses of many Soviet republics. The country was built and developed both spiritually and sports. It was thanks to the development of sports in the USSR that they remembered the Nagant revolver. Reviews of former combatants all as one insisted that for sports shooting there is no better pistol than a revolver. Given that in the thirties, the development of a revolver for a caliber of 5.6 mm (with less lethal force) was already underway and a limited number of it was released. The 5.6 mm caliber was not a novelty for Russian gunsmiths, as it was found in Smith and Wesson revolvers brought by Russian generals from abroad.

They didn’t invent anything new, they just changed the barrels and drums. This is how revolvers with a caliber of 5.6 mm appeared in sports shooting clubs. They were joined by three-rulers, converted to 5.6 mm caliber, received factory marking TOZ, popularly referred to as "small things". High shooting accuracy, very low recoil, easy maintenance and long effective range are the characteristics due to which the gun (revolver) and small-caliber rifle can still be found in sports clubs and weapons of internal troops.

Change the flag to a revolver during the start

It is not known who came up with the idea to replace the wave of the flag at the start of the runners with a shot from a revolver, but a revolver was used as a revolver in all competitions. The development of the 30s for the caliber 5.6 mm came in handy here too. The cartridge was completely changed to a zhevelo, the power of which was enough to reproduce a loud shot. The system with the use of a zhevelo was converted for shooting, so there was also a signal revolver "revolver". Before the collapse of the USSR, it will completely disappear from the market, making people believe that the time of revolvers is in the past. But the revolver can easily compete for a place in a private collection.

If you look at it, for a whole century a huge number of modifications of the revolver have been released, which, having different performance characteristics, have found their application in different areas. However, the trigger mechanism incorporated into the revolver at the end of the nineteenth century has not changed at all.

Traumatic weapon as a step of the revolver to the masses

The magnificent weapon is not only overgrown with legends, but also gains fans who wish to legally purchase the famous weapon for themselves. That is how the "revolver" was created. The caliber of the rubber bullet was reduced to the 5.45 mm standard, since with a 7.62 mm caliber, the rubber bullet, with good aim, still allowed the horse to be stopped. Also, in order to reduce the lethal force, the barrel of the revolver was significantly shortened, and the revolver moved from rifled weapons to the niche of smoothbore pistols. Fans did not like this modification of the legendary weapon, but due to lack of analogues, they had to

The popularity of the revolver in traumatic performance is still very high. In addition, a traumatic pistol, like the original one, still shoots bullets due to powder gases, and for fans of military weapons, a revolver in this design is more valuable than a pistol that shoots. forget about legendary weapons.

Shoot - so shoot

The famous concern Izhmash, which is known throughout the world for the production of Kalashnikov assault rifles, since 1942 has been engaged in the production and modernization of the Nagant revolver. Indeed, during the Great Patriotic War, the Tula Arms Plant was evacuated to Izhevsk. And during the collapse of the USSR, thanks to the export of weapons to foreign countries, the plant increased its capacity.

From the end of the twentieth century to the present time, pneumatic weapons have become very popular. The pneumatic revolver "revolver" quickly found its customers and fans. Outwardly, it is very similar to the original of the late nineteenth century. But upon closer examination, you can see that a compressed gas cylinder is built into the handle. The walls of the barrel, unlike the original, are very thin, the same walls have a signal revolver "revolver" in one of the early modifications.

Don't forget about collectors

The demand for a revolver as close to the original as possible among collectors has never decreased. Now it’s impossible to say for sure why they launched the signal revolver "revolver MP-313" to the masses without consulting well-known collectors. Having knocked down the serial number of the product by polishing, applying the marking of the Baikal factory with a laser over the native brand, the manufacturer deprived the revolver of historical value, discouraging the collector from acquiring a revolver. Seeing the market reaction to the new weapon, the concern changed the production technology. So there was a signal revolver "revolver R-2". Leaving the serial number and native markings, the plant placed the logo on the back of the revolver.

Having studied the negative feedback from customers about the bored barrel, the manufacturer refused to change the internal diameters of the barrel muzzle. The revolver was damaged to protect against firing with live ammunition in two ways - the drum was bored up to 10 mm, adding inserts for the chew, and the barrel was drilled through the frame on the right side and a large pin was inserted. A pin with a diameter of 8 mm is welded to the barrel and neatly ground along the edge.

But what about Flaubert?

The Flaubert cartridge with a caliber of 4 mm, which sets the acceleration of the bullet with the energy of powder gases, has not been evaluated in the post-Soviet space. At first, no one could believe that permits were not needed under Flaubert's cartridge, then the 4 mm caliber was ridiculed. But faced with the problems of increasing the muzzle velocity in air pistols, in which either the cylinder has a low pressure or the spring is not stiff enough, buyers turned their attention to the novelty. And the appearance of a revolver of the revolver system chambered for Flaubert contributed to an increase in demand for such a wonderful pistol in the arms market.

It was a combat pistol that did not allow to kill or injure a person, firing bullets due to the energy of powder gases and not requiring permission from the authorities. This is just a dream. A great purchase for both home gun collection and outdoor fun.

Nagant and modding

Considering the trend of the 21st century, it can be seen that modification of products, both visual and improving performance characteristics, is popular among weapon owners. First of all, the revolver handle is subjected to modernization. The material used is carved wood, textolite, organic glass with false drawings or non-ferrous metal. For good accuracy and accuracy of fire, the revolver can be equipped with a folding butt. This solution will allow you to shoot not on weight, but with an emphasis, like from a rifle, which is very convenient during shooting training.

To improve the performance characteristics, laser, optical or collimator sights are installed, this improves the accuracy of shooting. A silencer is mounted on the barrel, which serves as an excellent counterweight during firing, reducing recoil to zero. And although there are many variations on the theme of modernizing a revolver, nothing will overshadow the first example of the legendary revolver of the revolver system of the late nineteenth century.

This is a revolver of the Nagant system of the 1895 model. It was developed by Belgian gunsmiths - brothers Emil and Leon Nagant, and was produced in Russia at the Tula Arms Plant. Yes, and many other places. I will not dwell on his history in detail (for those who are interested, go ahead to Wikipedia, although there are more interesting descriptions of this story on the Internet), but I will simply tell you about what is inside him.



So, the Nagant is a rather late release (this particular one is from the forties of the last century). Caliber 7.62 mm. Double action trigger mechanism. Ammunition: drum for seven rounds. Muzzle velocity: 270 m/s. Sighting range - 50 m. Rate of fire: seven shots in 15-20 seconds

Before starting disassembly, make sure that our revolver is not loaded. To do this, open the door on the right side of the revolver and, turning the drum, inspect all its cells - chambers. By the way, unlike most other revolvers, you can load and unload the revolver only through this door. One cartridge! This is the main drawback of its design. Why did the Russian military once turn a blind eye to him, read in the link I once provided.

We turn the ramrod around its axis and push it forward.

We take the extended ramrod to the right and release the axis of the drum. Now it can simply be pulled forward.

The drum is not supported by anything else. It can be squeezed out of the frame to the side.

By and large, the disassembly of the revolver is completed. But this is only the so-called "incomplete disassembly". Let's go further.

To do this, we already need a tool. Especially for such cases, a regular screwdriver with a large wooden handle was included with the revolver (I don’t know where and how it was supposed to be worn). But we will not disturb the historical instrument once again and will use the modern one. We unscrew the upper (!) Screw on the right cover of the revolver.

The screw itself is on the right, and it holds the left cover of the frame. When you unscrew it, the cover can be removed and you can see the firing mechanism of the revolver. Here he is, in front of you.

Now you need to remove the V-shaped mainspring. This is not easy to do - it is tight, and if you stupidly pry it with a screwdriver, you can get it on your forehead!

The removed spring allows you to pull the trigger. On this copy of the revolver, the trigger itself is a separate design. In addition to the drummer, a connecting rod with a spring is attached to it (we will not remove it - there is a very small screw there). This is precisely the part that distinguished the self-cocking "officer's" revolver from the non-self-cocking "soldier's". Yes, in the tsarist army, there were two modifications of the revolver in service, which differed only in the design of the trigger. From the officer it was possible to shoot simply by pressing the trigger over and over again until the drum was empty, and on the soldier before each shot it was necessary to cock the trigger with your thumb. It was once believed that this allows you to save cartridges - they say, cocking the trigger, the soldier will once again think about whether it is worth shooting at all ...

We continue to disassemble the trigger mechanism. We extract the dog - it is simply removed from the trigger. The dog is the most important part of the revolver. And very typical. She turns the drum with each shot, substituting another cartridge under the drummer. And she also shifts the drum forward, "pushing" it onto the barrel. This ingenious solution avoids the breakthrough of powder gases into the gap between the barrel and the drum. Unlike revolvers of other designs, when fired, this gap simply does not exist here!

It's time to unscrew the second screw from the right cover. He holds the trigger guard. In principle, it does not interfere with us, I just want to show that it is also removable.

We take the bracket to the sides. Removing the trigger is still more convenient.

They removed the trigger - it just sits on the axle.

We pull down the slider (by the way, it is also slightly different in the "soldier's" revolver) and release the breech. During the shot, the bottom of the sleeve rests against him and he, together with the dog, moves the entire drum forward.

Now almost everything! I did not pull out the spring-loaded sleeve from the drum and did not remove the handle lining. They are wooden here and already quite dilapidated, and the screws holding them are tightened wholeheartedly. I was afraid to hurt. Also, I did not unscrew the barrel. It is impossible to do this on this particular instance of the revolver. Anyone who is at least in general familiar with the "Law on weapons ..." will understand why. To the rest, I'll just say - it's not right!

Here, the picture is especially for the champions of law and order - I am a law-abiding citizen.

And in the end, just in case, I will give a diagram of the very, that neither is, complete disassembly. It is also called the "explosion diagram" because the object on it seemed to explode!

"Nagant" - a pistol created by gunsmiths from Belgium, brothers Emil (1830-1902) and Leon (1833-1900) Nagans. were made in some countries at the end of the 19th - the middle of the 20th century. It was used to arm the army.

History of creation

At the end of the 19th century, many countries were thinking about rearming their troops. In those days, revolvers showed great promise: this personal short-barreled firearm combined the sufficient simplicity of the device, reliability and multiple charges. The center of European arms production was the city of Liege, located in Belgium. Since 1859, the factory of Leon and Emile Nagant worked in it. It was a small family workshop that repaired Dutch pistols and sometimes even developed firearms.

The first unique revolver was presented by the elder brother Emil for testing to the Belgian military department. It was decided to use it as an officer's and non-commissioned officer's weapon, called the "revolver of the 1878 model of the year." This 1878 9mm pistol was a six-shot. It was equipped with a "double effect device": the trigger was cocked either by the shooter's hand or by pulling the trigger.

Infantry non-commissioned officers, cavalry and auxiliary personnel of the Belgian army believed that the Nagant was a top-class pistol! And indeed, on the instructions of the leadership of this brave army, a 9-mm pistol "Nagan M / 1883" was designed with deliberately degraded combat qualities: the design had a new detail that excluded self-cocking firing. Simply put, when firing from this sample, it was necessary to cock the hammer after each shot.

As a result, another 2-3 modifications of different calibers and barrel lengths were made. A little later, Emil Nagant fell seriously ill and completely lost his sight. Now the main work on improving the device was taken up by Leon Nagant.

Sample 1886

So, we study further "Nagant". The 1886 pistol weighed slightly less than its predecessors. It was more reliable, and the design became more technologically advanced. In this model, four springs in the trigger device were replaced with one two-pronged one. In addition, the new product took into account the tendency to develop weapons in the direction of decreasing caliber: experts chose the most popular 7.5 mm smokeless powder charge at that time.

The most important problem that the revolver designers had to solve was the penetration of powder gases into the gap, which was formed by the front end of the drum and the breech section of the barrel.

The Belgian gunsmith Henri Pieper found a solution to the problem of obturation: the trigger mechanism of his invention moved the drum forward before firing. Henri's revolver had a special design, in which the bullet was completely hidden in the sleeve, the mouth of the sleeve served as an obturator, which the powder gases distributed and pressed against the barrel channel at the time of the salvo - such an action prevented the breakthrough of gases.

This rule, with an impressive simplification of the device that pushes the drum onto the barrel, was applied by Leon Nagant in 1892. Under the new model of a revolver, he developed a charge with a sleeve equipped with a long muzzle. What has "Nagant" become? This pistol has now become a classic model, and subsequent models have not undergone significant changes in design.

Device

All revolvers "Nagant" have a common base and properties:

• with a double effect allows you to shoot both cocked and self-cocked. The only exceptions are "soldier" and "non-commissioned" pre-revolutionary models, in which the self-cocking mechanism is blocked in order to reduce ammunition consumption.
• One-piece monolithic frame.
• A door that opens the drum chambers with a side turn. Exceptional is only the 1910 sample, in which the door leans back and releases the drum, which leans to the right.
• Barrel on a blind landing, screwed into the frame.
• A ramrod hiding in a combat position in the axis of the drum. After the shooting is completed, it performs the function of an extractor - it pushes out the spent cartridges.
• The device is housed in a frame and closed with a flat lid.

The drum performs the functions of both a magazine and a chamber at the same time. In the most common sample of 1895 and in many of its variations, the drum holds 7 charges. In fact, a hollow axis of the drum is inserted into the frame in front and attached to it with a ramrod tube. This tube is placed in front of the drum: it is attached to the neck of the barrel so as to spin on it, as on an axis. Samples in which the drum is pushed onto the barrel, the first has a return mechanism, which includes a drum tube and a spring.

The locking drum fixture is attached to the right wall of the frame. Its function is performed by a spring-loaded door. When it is open (folded to the side), you can unload and load the weapon. When the door is closed, it closes the chamber, preventing the charge from falling out, and it is thanks to it that the drum cannot turn counterclockwise.

"Nagant" combat on the drum has seven nests and recesses necessary for the protrusion of the door in the closed and open position.

In general, the mechanism of a revolver mainly consists of components that work as a locking mechanism, turning and pushing the drum onto the barrel: a slider, a breech, a trigger with a pawl and a mainspring. Among them is the trigger mechanism.

By the way, in those years, the devices consisted of a front sight located on the front stem and a rear sight with an aiming slot at the top of the frame. In total, the device of the 1895 revolver was assembled from 39 elements.

trigger device

This weapon is equipped with a trigger trigger, double action. At the same time, a model with a single-action trigger was also produced. In this device, the striker is pivotally mounted on the trigger, a combat leaf spring is attached - it is two-pronged, located on the handle.

The sear of the revolver is made together with the trigger. There is no fuse, but if you do not pull the trigger, a special element will not allow the striker to come into contact with the primer. If the trigger is cocked, it activates a special locking mechanism that moves the drum of the weapon forward. The trigger at this point will lock the drum so that it does not rotate.

Ballistic properties

What is the accuracy of the Nagant revolver? This weapon has a fixed sight set to a distance of 25 m. It should be noted that it is at this distance that the aiming point coincides with the midpoint of impact. Different gaps can boast completely different accuracy of hits:

Distance, m		From the stand

Combat strength

According to a package of pine boards with a thickness of 2.54 cm, penetration is monitored from thirty-five steps (25 meters): 3 boards - 100% of bullets, 4 boards - 70%, 5 boards - 25%. Boards are placed at a distance of 8 cm from each other. One board is punched at a distance of up to two hundred steps (140 m).

Production

The Russian Izhevsk Arms Plant now manufactures very high quality revolvers. But the Swedish "Nagant" of the 1887 model was made in Belgium. Interestingly, the Belgian army also praised the 9-mm sample of 1878. This contributed to the popularization of the brand of the Nagan factory in the world market.

The same gun, created in 1895, as well as its variations, was produced by many weapons workshops around the planet, namely: the Russian Imperial Arms Factory in Tula, the Polish one in the city of Radom, the German Enel in Suhl, the Belgian Lepage, " Francot" and "Bayar", "Arizmendi-Goenaga" in Spain and others.

"Nagant" in service with the Russian troops

At the end of the 19th century, the Russian Empire began to massively rearm its troops. released in 1891, was chosen as the standard for small arms. In those days, the firearms of Russia were represented by an obsolete model of a 4.2-linear (10.67 mm) pistol of the Smith-Wesson III system, developed in 1880.

Even the commission for the production of small-caliber guns, headed by Lieutenant General N. G. Chagin, joined the search for promising samples. Interestingly, the following requirements were imposed on the new army revolver:

• Impressive bullet stopping power. In those days, the main type of troops was cavalry, so a shot at an effective distance (up to 50 steps) should have knocked down a horse.
• "Combat Strength" should be enough to punch through 4-5" pine planks. The mass is small (0.82-0.92 kg).
• The caliber, direction, number, barrel rifling profile and the like must be identical to the parameters of the three-line Mosin rifle. Thus, when creating revolvers, you can use defective rifle barrels.
• The revolver cannot be equipped with a self-cocking device, otherwise its accuracy will deteriorate.
• The primary must be at least 300 m/s.
• The revolver must have excellent accuracy of fire.
• It is necessary that the device be simple and technologically advanced.
• The weapon must be reliable, insensitive to dirt and poor operating conditions, and easy to maintain.
• The sleeves must not be extracted at the same time, but one by one.
• The aiming mechanism must be designed so that the trajectory of the bullet could cross the line of sight at a distance of 35 paces.
• At least seven charges must be placed in the drum.
• Cartridge to be with a jacketed bullet, a brass flange sleeve and smokeless powder.

In general, self-cocking firing and synchronous removal of spent cartridges were rejected because they complicated the device (this negatively affected the reliability and cost of the revolver) and led to excessive consumption of ammunition.

Domestic and foreign weapons sculptors showed great interest in the announced competition and the potential colossal order. Several samples of the Smith-Wesson pistol, revolvers and autopistols were presented. In the final, the Belgian gunsmiths Henri Pieper with the M1889 Bayard model and Leon Nagant with the M1892 started a serious fight. By the way, the modern air gun "Nagant Gletcher NGT" is an exact copy of the model that won this competition.

Leon Nagant redesigned his product for the Russian 7.62 mm caliber. As in 1883, he eliminated self-cocking shooting, spoiling the quality of weapons in accordance with the claims of the competition.

In total, two options were proposed - six- and seven-shot revolvers. Pieper's model was rejected due to the massiveness and unreliability of the device. Leon Nagan won the competition, probably due to the fact that he had long-established connections in the Russian military department.

Nagant for a patent for a revolver broke the price of 75,000 rubles. He could not get this money because he was refused. Then a second competition was scheduled, but with more refined conditions. Now, in addition to the parameters, a premium was offered: twenty thousand rubles for the device of the weapon and five thousand for the design of the charge. In addition, the winner had to give his offspring to the full ownership of the Russian government, which acquired the right to produce it both in its own country and abroad without any payment to the inventor.

Pieper showed redesigned revolvers with unique automatics at the competition. The commission considered them "of little use, but witty." S. I. Mosin's revolver with six barrels was also not accepted. Refinements in the design of the Nagant pistol were less significant. Comparative tests were carried out with a 4.2-line Smith-Wesson weapon, and the device was approved. Interestingly, after military trials, the officers wanted to get a revolver with a double effect and self-cocking fire.

The commission returned to the self-cocking version of the model, but did not see its unconditional success, so it decided that Russia's firearms should be replenished with such revolvers: self-cocking for officers, and non-self-cocking for privates and non-commissioned officers.

Several minor changes were made to the device and it was approved in the spring of 1895. The holster for the "Nagant" of this sample was made of cloth. It was equipped with a leather cord-trench and a ramrod for cleaning weapons.

On May 13, 1895, by decree of Nicholas II, the "officer" and "soldier" samples of the Nagant pistol were adopted by the Russian army. It is noteworthy that in June 1896 this weapon was officially adopted by the military department.

Modifications

It's too troublesome to get permission for rifled weapons - you need to go around a lot of cabinets. And many people can’t do it, so people get pneumatics. But let's not be distracted and list samples of the amazing Nagant revolver. Here they are:

• Nagant M1910 - Belgian weapon of the 1910 model. It has simultaneous extraction of spent cartridges.

Combat models:

• The soldier's "Nagant" is a stunning weapon of the 20th century with a non-self-cocking trigger device. Its production ceased in 1918.
• "Nagant", created for the officers, is equipped with a shock-trigger self-cocking device.
• On the eve of the First World War, carbines were made for the border troops in small quantities: a carbine with an integral butt and a 300 mm barrel and a revolver with a removable butt and an enlarged barrel up to 200 mm.
• "Nagant", created for commanders, is a compact version of a revolver designed for concealed carry. Its barrel is reduced to 85 mm, and the handle is shortened. The sample was developed in 1927. It was produced until 1932 in small batches. In total, about 25,000 pieces of these products were manufactured. This sample was armed with employees of the OGPU and the NKVD.
• For reconnaissance and sabotage battalions in 1929, a BRAMIT equipped with a silent firing apparatus was created, excluding the appearance of a flame. Developed by brothers I. G. and V. G. Mitin.
• Nagant wz. 30 - a weapon created by Nagant in 1895, made by Poles. From 1930 to 1939, it was mass-produced in the city of Radom at an arms factory. In total, Poland produced 20,000 Nagant revolvers of two types: Ng wz.30 and Ng wz.32.

Sports models are weapons of the 20th century

Here are these wonderful products:

• Training revolver Nagant-Smirnsky for training, developed in 1926. Its designer is A. A. Smirnsky. From 1925 to 1939, 3,500 of these products were manufactured under a 5.6 mm rimfire charge.
• Revolver "Nagant" for sports was created in 1953. Its designer is V. A. Paramonov. This sample was produced from 1956 to 1966. A total of 8,220 pieces of MTs-4 and MTs-4-1 were manufactured.
• TOZ-36 - a sporting weapon of the 1962 model. This model was designed by E. L. Khaidurov.
• TOZ-49 - pistol model 1972, made for sports. It was designed by E. L. Khaidurov. It has a shortened drum for a shortened cartridge 7.62X26mm.
• TOZ-96 is an export variant of TOZ-49 loaded with .32 S&W Long Wadcutter. Manufactured since 1996.

Sports and hunting models

And now consider the weapons of the following samples:

• The carbine KR-22 "Falcon" is a conversion sample for the charge.22 LR. This Nagant revolver is equipped with a barrel extended up to 500 mm, a wooden forearm and a wooden non-detachable butt. This product weighs 2 kg. It started to be made in 2010.
• The Thunder pistol is a conversion model manufactured by the Ukrainian company SOBR LLC. This 4mm Flaubert sport pistol is designed for training.

Civil defensive weapons

What is a "Nagant" traumatic and gas? In the early 2000s, several variations of such pistols were created, made by changing the combat Nagans.

1. The following defensive weapons are produced in Russia: the R1 "Naganych" injury with a charge of 9 mm R.A. and VPO-502 "Nagan-M" with a charge of 10X32 mm T, service injury RS with a charge of 10X23 mm T.
2. In Ukraine, gas and trauma pistols Kombrig, Skat 1R, G-Nagan, short SCAT 1Rk and Nagan RF are manufactured.
3. In the USA, the Nagant Gletcher NGT air pistol is manufactured. This is a gas-cylinder double of the legendary revolver.

Due to forensic requirements, changes have appeared in the design of weapons that fire rubber bullets, prohibiting the firing of live ammunition.

Signal (noise) models

• VPO-503 "Nagan-S" ("Bluff") - a signal pistol under the "Zhevelo" primer. It has been manufactured since the summer of 2006 by the Vyatka-Polyansky Molot plant.
• "Nagan MP-313" (Nagant-07). In this sample, in comparison with the "Bluff", the device of the barrel plug has been changed (the new plug has a more thoughtful outline). This model is equipped with a smaller diameter barrel, it does not have a serial number on the frame, and the frame was not milled at the breech breech.

"Nagan MP-313" is equipped with a drum, the number of which does not match the number on the frame. The bushings of the revolver under the "Zhevelo" are not pressed into the chambers, but screwed into the thread.

It is interesting that in 2008 the production of these revolvers at Molot was curtailed and transferred to the Izhevsk Arms Plant.

• R-2 is under the Zhevelo primer, the next model after Bluff and MP-313. The manufacturer is the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant.

And the last thing: if you are too lazy to get a permit for a rifled weapon (not many people like red tape), you can purchase a sports "Nagant" under Flaubert's charge. These products shoot loudly, perfectly protect against stray dogs, do not require permission to buy and carry.