Kekura Five Fingers (Sea of ​​Japan). Presentation on the theme of the Sea of ​​​​Japan. Animal world of the reserve

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Plan

1. Dimensions and geographical position of the Sea of ​​Japan. 2. Hypotheses about the origin of the Sea of ​​Japan. 3. The nature of the coastline of Primorye. 4. Properties of water masses. 5. Inhabitants of the Sea of ​​Japan.

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Dimensions of the Sea of ​​Japan:

The volume is 1715 thousand m3, the average depth is 1750 m, the maximum is 4224 m. The maximum length along the meridian is 2255 km, the maximum width is about 1070 km. The area is 1062 thousand km². The Sea of ​​Japan (Jap. 日本海 nihonkai, Kor. 동해 donghae, "eastern sea") is a sea in the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Japanese Islands and Sakhalin Island.

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Hypotheses about the origin of the Sea of ​​Japan

1. Some scientists believe that the basin of the Sea of ​​Japan is of oceanic origin. The deep-sea basin is part of the oceanic Pacific bed, and the underwater heights and surface islands (the Islands of Japan) were formed by the advances and retreats of oceanic waters, which continued until the Quaternary. 2. Another group of scientists suggests that the sea basin was formed as a result of the separation of a large land block from the Asian mainland in the form of the Japanese Islands and its further movement to the east towards the Pacific Ocean.

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The Sea of ​​Japan is connected with other seas and the Pacific Ocean through 4 straits: Korean (Tsushima), Sangar (Tsugaru), La Perouse (Soya), Nevelsky (Mamiya). It washes the shores of Russia, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the DPRK. In the south, a branch of the warm current Kuroshio enters. Along the coast from the northeast to the southwest there is a cold Primorsky current. Map of the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan

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In the Sea of ​​Japan, surge water movements are observed, which have an annual period of fluctuations. Severe storms at sea are associated with cyclones, which can be divided into two types: tropical (of oceanic origin) - typhoons; continental (from the interior regions of Asia). The salinity of the sea is 34% 0. Tropical cyclone movement

Slide 7

Inhabitants of the Sea of ​​Japan: fish (Pacific herring, cod, pollock, saffron cod, flounder, salmon (chum salmon, pink salmon, chinook salmon), sardine-iwashi, anchovy, mackerel), crabs, trepangs, mammals, shrimps, oysters, scallops, mussels, cuttlefish , squid, algae.

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Laminaria Trepang

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Scallop

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Spotted seal

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White-sided dolphin Medusa Squid

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Among the most dangerous sharks that sometimes swim in the Sea of ​​Japan during the warm season, one should single out such species as the great white (white death, carcharodon), blue-gray (mako), giant hammerhead shark (hammerhead shark), short-finned gray shark (spindle shark), Pacific herring (salmon shark) and fox shark (thresher shark).

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Mako shark - lightning fast predator

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Sea anemones (anemones) Octopuses King crab

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Test Choose the correct answer 1. The area of ​​the Sea of ​​Japan is: A) 80 thousand km2; B) 980 thousand km2; C) 1062 thousand km2. 2. Average depth of the Sea of ​​Japan: A) 750 m; B) 1750 m; C) 4224 m. 3. The shores of the Sea of ​​Japan (choose three answers): A) slightly indented; B) heavily indented; B) cool D) breaks. 4. Currents pass in the Sea of ​​Japan: A) Kuroshio; B) Tsushima; B) Guinean D) seaside. 5. The average salinity of the water of the Sea of ​​Japan: A) 30% 0; B) 32% 0; C) 34% 0; D) 35% 0. 6. The largest island in the Sea of ​​Japan off the coast of Primorye: A) Popova; B) Russian; B) Putyatina. 7. The largest bay of the Sea of ​​Japan off the coast of Primorye: A) Amur; B) Ussuri; B) Peter the Great D) Olga. 8. Russian Island is separated from the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula by the Strait: A) Stark; B) Bosphorus-Eastern; B) Askold; D) Amur.

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9. According to the species composition of fish, the Sea of ​​Japan occupies among the seas of Russia: A) 1st place; B) 2nd place; C) 3rd place; d) 4th place. 10. In terms of fish stocks, the Sea of ​​Japan occupies among the seas of Russia: A) 1st place; B) 2nd place; C) 3rd place; d) 4th place. 11. The city of Vladivostok is located on the coast of the bay: A) Ant; B) Golden Horn; B) Ulysses D) Patroclus. 12. A white-winged porpoise swims in the Far Eastern Marine Reserve, this is: A) Whale; B) Dolphin; B) killer whale. 13. In winter, ice in the Sea of ​​Japan: A) never happens; B) covers a very narrow strip along the coast of Primorye; C) covers the entire Sea of ​​Japan. 14. Representatives of pinnipeds are found in the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan: A) spotted seal; B) walrus; B) sea lion; D) sea cat.

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Sources: Geography of Primorsky Krai. 8-9 cells: Textbook for educational institutions of general secondary education. / Baklanov et al. Vladivostok 2000. 2. V.V. Tomchenko. Tests, questions and assignments in the geography of Primorsky Krai. Toolkit. Vladivostok 1998. 3. Kakorina G.A., Udalova I.K. Teaching the course "Geography of the Primorsky Territory". Guidelines. - Vladivostok: Dalnauka. 1997. 4. Internet.

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Thank you for your attention!

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Smirnova Olga Grade 9 Gymnasium No. 114

Description of the Sea of ​​Japan.

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Presentation on geography Pupils of the 9th grade, Olga Smirnova "Sea of ​​​​Japan"

The Sea of ​​Japan is a sea within the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Japanese Islands and Sakhalin Island. It is connected with other seas and the Pacific Ocean through 4 straits: Korean (Tsushima), Sangar (Tsugaru), La Perouse (Soya), Navel (Mamiya). It washes the shores of Russia, Korea, Japan and North Korea. In the south, a branch of the warm current Kuroshio enters. The area is 1062 thousand km². The greatest depth is 3742 m. The northern part of the sea freezes in winter. Fishing; extraction of crabs, trepangs, algae. Main ports: Vladivostok, Nakhodka, Vostochny, Sovetskaya Gavan, Vanino, Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, Kholmsk, Niigata, Tsuruga, Maizuru, Wonsan, Hyungnam, Chongjin, Busan.

Climate The climate of the Sea of ​​Japan is temperate, monsoonal. The northern and western parts of the sea are much colder than the southern and eastern parts. In the coldest months (January-February), the average air temperature in the northern part of the sea is about -20 ° C, and in the south about +5 ° C. The summer monsoon brings with it warm and humid air. The average air temperature of the warmest month (August) in the northern part is about +15 °C, in the southern regions it is about +25 °C. In autumn, the number of typhoons caused by hurricane-force winds increases. The largest waves have a height of 8-10 m, and during typhoons, the maximum waves reach a height of 12 m.

Currents Surface currents form a circulation, which consists of the warm Tsushima Current in the east and the cold Primorsky Current in the west. In winter, the surface water temperature rises from −1-0 °C in the north and northwest to +10-+14 °C in the south and southeast. Spring warming entails a fairly rapid increase in water temperature throughout the sea. In summer, the surface water temperature rises from 18-20 °C in the north to 25-27 °C in the south of the sea. The vertical distribution of temperature is not the same in different seasons in different areas of the sea. In summer, in the northern regions of the sea, the temperature is 18-10 °C in a layer of 10-15 m, then it drops sharply to +4 °C at a depth of 50 m and, starting from a depth of 250 m, the temperature remains constant at about +1 °C. In the central and southern parts of the sea, the water temperature decreases rather smoothly with depth and reaches +6 °C at a depth of 200 m, starting from a depth of 250 m, the temperature stays around 0 °C. Currents on the surface of the Sea of ​​Japan

Salinity. The salinity of the water of the Sea of ​​Japan is 33.7-34.3 ‰, which is slightly lower than the salinity of the waters of the World Ocean. Tides. The tides in the Sea of ​​Japan are distinct, to a greater or lesser extent in different regions. The greatest level fluctuations are observed in the extreme northern and extreme southern regions. Seasonal fluctuations in sea level occur simultaneously over the entire surface of the sea, the maximum rise in level is observed in summer.

Ice conditions According to ice conditions, the Sea of ​​Japan can be divided into three areas: the Tatar Strait, the area along the coast of Primorye from Cape Povorotny to Cape Belkin, and Peter the Great Bay. In winter, ice is constantly observed only in the Tatar Strait and Peter the Great Bay, in the rest of the water area, with the exception of closed bays and bays in the northwestern part of the sea, it is not always formed. The coldest region is the Tatar Strait, where more than 90% of all ice observed in the sea is formed and localized in the winter season. According to long-term data, the duration of the period with ice in Peter the Great Bay is 120 days, and in the Tatar Strait - from 40-80 days in the southern part of the strait, to 140-170 days in its northern part. The first appearance of ice occurs at the tops of bays and gulfs, closed from the wind, waves and having a desalinated surface layer. In moderate winters, in Peter the Great Bay, the first ice forms in the second decade of November, and in the Tatar Strait, in the tops of Sovetskaya Gavan, Chekhachev and Nevelskoy Straits, primary ice forms are observed already in early November. Early ice formation in Peter the Great Bay (Amur Bay) occurs in early November, in the Tatar Strait - in the second half of October. Later - at the end of November. In early December, the development of ice cover along the coast of Sakhalin Island is faster than near the mainland coast. Accordingly, in the eastern part of the Tatar Strait at this time there is more ice than in the western part. By the end of December, the amount of ice in the eastern and western parts equalizes, and after reaching the parallel of Cape Surkum, the direction of the edge changes: its displacement along the Sakhalin coast slows down, and along the mainland it becomes more active.

In the Sea of ​​Japan, the ice cover reaches its maximum development in mid-February. On average, 52% of the area of ​​the Tatar Strait and 56% of the Peter the Great Bay are covered with ice. The melting of ice begins in the first half of March. In mid-March, the open waters of Peter the Great Bay and the entire seaside coast to Cape Zolotoy are cleared of ice. The boundary of the ice cover in the Tatar Strait recedes to the northwest, and in the eastern part of the strait, ice is being cleared at this time. Early clearing of the sea from ice occurs in the second decade of April, later - in late May - early June.

Flora and fauna. The underwater world of the northern and southern regions of the Sea of ​​Japan is very different. In the cold northern and northwestern regions, flora and fauna of temperate latitudes have formed, and in the southern part of the sea, south of Vladivostok, a warm-water faunistic complex prevails. Off the coast of the Far East, a mixture of warm-water and temperate fauna occurs. Here you can meet octopuses and squids - typical representatives of warm seas. At the same time, vertical walls covered with sea anemones, gardens of brown algae - kelp - all this resembles the landscapes of the White and Barents Seas.

In the Sea of ​​Japan, there is a huge abundance of starfish and sea urchins, of various colors and different sizes, there are brittle stars, shrimps, small crabs (King crabs are found here only in May, and then they go further into the sea). Bright red sea squirts live on rocks and stones. Of the mollusks, scallops are the most common. Of the fish, blennies and sea ruffs are often found.

The question of the name of the sea. In South Korea, the Sea of ​​Japan is called the "East Sea", and in North Korea, the East Sea of ​​Korea. The Korean side claims that the name "Sea of ​​Japan" was imposed on the world community by the Japanese Empire. The Japanese side, in turn, shows that the name "Sea of ​​Japan" is found on most maps and is generally accepted.

Thank you for your attention!

  • The parameters of the waves depend on the strength of the wind and its duration, on the nature of the underwater coastal
  • The nature of the orbits of wave particles in a wave of shallow water
  • Scheme of wave refraction for flat (A) and bay
  • When interacting with the coast, wave motions contribute to the formation of wave
  • Transverse movement of sediments
  • The set of neutral points on the underwater slope is called the neutral line.
  • The movement of sea water. The main factor in the formation of the relief and the processes of sediment movement in the coastal
  • 9.2. Coastal elements. The coastline is usually called the line of intersection of the surface of the sea (ocean, lake
  • Coastline (coast line) - the line along which the horizontal water surface of the sea (or
  • The scheme of the structure of the coast
  • Coast - a strip of land adjacent to the coastline, the relief of which is formed by the sea when
  • The strip of seabed adjacent to the shore and
  • flat coast with
  • 9.3. Abrasion type of coast. The most intensive destruction occurs near the coast, near which the bottom
  • With further destruction, the coastal cliff is moved towards the land. At the same time, the waves destroy and
  • Kekura Five Fingers (Sea of ​​Japan)
  • The clastic material carried away from the beach to the underwater slope is crushed, abraded during movement,
  • 9.4. Accumulative forms of the coastal zone. For shallow shores with a gentle slope of the bottom, in
  • The accumulation of sediments in the area of ​​action of the surf flow is called a beach. Beach - elementary accumulative
  • Partial profile beach (A) and coastal shaft (B) - full profile beach (according to
  • Coastal ramparts. Full profile beach with coastal bar during the attenuation of storm waves
  • The coastal bar is formed in those cases when the surf current is much stronger than the reverse and
  • Larger accumulative formations, the origin of which
  • Stages of coastal bar development in plan (a, b, c) and in section (I-II,
  • Typical examples of a coastal bar are the Arabat Spit on the western coast of the Sea of ​​Azov.
  • 9.5. Accumulative forms formed during the longitudinal movement of sediments. When the waves come under
  • Formation of elementary accumulative forms during the longitudinal movement of sediments. I - when filling the incoming
  • 1. Filling in the incoming corner of the bank. The coastline turns sharply towards the sea (Fig.
  • Spit of the Sea of ​​Azov
  • 3.External shore blocking. In case of blocking the coast by an island, shoal or headland (Fig. III)
  • 4. Total energy drop of the wave field in bays. In narrow and long bays
  • Coasts with a heavily indented coastline (with a quick sink under sea level,
  • The most important geomorphological results of the activity of the sea are: 1) the formation of surface marine abrasion terraces formed
  • 9.6. Types of initial dismemberment of the coastline. In addition to the geological structure of coastal areas, the magnitude of the slope
  • 1. Fjord coasts, formed as a result of flooding of glacial valleys of coastal mountainous countries. They are
  • Ingressive coasts - the result of the flooding of coastal land by the sea
  • The coasts of the Aral type are formed when the eolian relief is flooded by the sea, when above sea level
  • On the shores of some seas, tides play a significant role in the development of the relief of the coastline.
  • Classification and types of sea coasts:
  • In the mangrove shores, forest thickets of mangroves, trapping sand and silt particles brought by rivers
  • Coral coasts and islands
  • Sea terraces. Since the level of the World Ocean in the Quaternary due to changes in glacial and
  • Sea terrace. Sakhalin.
  • In each terrace, elements such as
  • . Types of sea terraces: A
  • All this makes us look for ways to protect the coast from destruction. There are many ways to protect
  • Kekura Five Fingers (Sea of ​​Japan)

    The clastic material carried away from the beach to the underwater slope is crushed, abraded, rolled, and sorted during movement. Larger material. moves to the shore in a direct wave moving at a higher speed than the reverse one, which carries away thinner material beyond the lower edge of the bench. Here, the formation of an underwater accumulative leaning terrace begins, the sloping surface of which, in the process of its development, directly continues the surface of the abrasion terrace. The process of abrasion and retreat of the coast is gradually slowing down due to the increase in the shallow water zone due to the expansion of the abrasion and accumulation terraces. The profile of the coastal zone approaches the state of the abrasion equilibrium profile, in which at any point of the coastal profile, neither abrasion nor accumulation of material occurs.

    9.4. Accumulative forms of the coastal zone . Shallow shores with a gentle bottom slope, in contrast to deep, intensely eroded shores, are characterized by the accumulation of detrital material and the formation of accumulative forms. Marine sediments formed in the coastal zone in shallow water conditions -coastalsediments are very mobile. If the waves are directed at right angles to the shore, the marine sediments will experience transverse movement, and if the waves approach at an oblique angle, the sediments will move longitudinally along the coast. Most often, waves approach the shore at a certain angle, so both types of movement occur simultaneously. As a result of various types of movement of clastic material, various accumulative forms of coastal relief are formed.

    The most characteristic forms of accumulative types

    banks during the transverse movement of sediments are

    beaches, underwater and coastal bars and coastal bars.

    Sediment accumulation in the surf flow zone called the beach. The beach is an elementary accumulative form within the coastal zone of the sea. The beach is usually composed of larger sediments than the underwater coastal slope. Due to the fact that the maximum speeds of the direct flow are reached by it at the beginning of its movement, near the wave breaking zone, it is here that the largest detrital material accumulates. Further up the beach, the size of sediments naturally decreases.

    According to morphological features, they are distinguished beaches of a full and incomplete profile.

    Full profile beach is formed if there is enough free space ahead of the sediment accumulation that is being formed. Then the beach takes the form of a coastal rampart, most often with a sloping and wide sea slope and a short and steeper slope facing the coast.

    If the beach is formed at the foot of the ledge, then a leaning beach, or beach of an incomplete profile, with one slope facing the sea.

    Partial profile beach (A) and coastal ridge (B) - full profile beach (according to V.V. Longinov):

    1 - bedrock: 2 - beach deposits

    Coastal ramparts. A beach with a full profile with a coastal swell during the attenuation of storm waves is complicated by smaller swells that form on its frontal slope. In a strong storm, small ramparts are destroyed, and the material composing them is partially carried away to the underwater slope, partially thrown over the crest of the rampart to the rear slope, increasing the height of the rampart and moving it towards the land. With a significant height of a large coastal swell, the latter may already be outside the action of waves, then a new, younger large coastal swell will form at the base of its sea slope. In the process of formation of accumulative-type coasts, a number of ancient coastal ridges may thus arise, which will eventually lead to the growth of the coast and its advance towards the sea. The structure and location of the coastal ridges allows us to restore the history of the formation of the coast, the position of the ancient coastlines.

    stretch for tens - hundreds of kilometers along the rugged low-lying sea coasts and usually separate the coastal water area - the lagoon from the sea. The feet of many bars are located at depths of 10-20 m, and they rise 5-7 m above the water. Bars are very widespread: 10% of the entire length

    The coastline of the World Ocean falls on the shores bordered by bars. The bar development scheme is shown in fig. The emerging underwater bar eventually turns into an island bar, and then, as a result of its attachment to the shore, it becomes a coastal bar.

    The coastal bar in its development sequentially goes through three stages - underwater, island and coastal; according to this differ

    underwater, island and coastal bars. The underwater bar is formed entirely due to bottom waters, while the wave-surf flow participates in the formation of the island and coastal bars. The island bar rises above the water, but unlike the coastal bar, it does not connect to the shore at any point.

    Stages of coastal bar development in plan (a, b, c) and in section(I-II, III-IV, V-VI). a-underwater, b-island, c- coastal

    Typical examples of a coastal bar are the Arabat Spit on the western coast of the Sea of ​​Azov. the greatest length (200 km). Arabat Spit separating the Sivash lagoon from the Sea of ​​Azov.

    Scroll through the presentation for the geography lesson for grade 5 on the topic: “Sea of ​​​​Japan”


    Sea of ​​Japan - the sea is part of the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Japanese Islands and Sakhalin Island.


    Location: Northeast Asia.
    Area: 1062 thousand km².
    Volume: 1630 thousand km³.
    Maximum depth: 3742 m. Average depth: 1753 m.

    The Sea of ​​Japan is connected with other seas and the Pacific Ocean through 4 straits: Korean, Sangar, La Perouse, Nevelskoy.


    Korea Strait


    Sangar Strait


    Strait of La Perouse


    Nevelskoy Strait


    The Sea of ​​Japan washes the shores of Russia, Japan, the Republic of Korea and North Korea.


    The climate of the Sea of ​​Japan is temperate, monsoonal. The northern and western parts of the sea are much colder than the southern and eastern parts. In the coldest months (January-February), the average air temperature in the northern part of the sea is about −20 °C, and in the south about +5 °C. The summer monsoon brings with it warm and humid air. The average air temperature of the warmest month (August) in the northern part is about +15 °C, in the southern regions it is about +25 °C. In autumn, the number of typhoons caused by hurricane-force winds increases. The largest waves have a height of 8-10 m, and during typhoons, the maximum waves reach a height of 12 m.


    The salinity of the waters of the Sea of ​​Japan is 33.7-34.3%, which is somewhat lower than the salinity of the waters of the World Ocean.


    The tides in the Sea of ​​Japan are distinct, to a greater or lesser extent in different regions. The greatest level fluctuations are observed in the extreme northern and extreme southern regions. Seasonal fluctuations in sea level occur simultaneously over the entire surface of the sea, the maximum rise in level is observed in summer.


    According to ice conditions, the Sea of ​​Japan can be divided into three areas: the Tatar Strait, the area along the coast of Primorye from Cape Povorotny to Cape Belkin, and Peter the Great Bay. In winter, ice is constantly observed only in the Tatar Strait and Peter the Great Bay, in the rest of the water area, with the exception of closed bays and bays in the northwestern part of the sea, it is not always formed. The coldest region is the Tatar Strait, where more than 90% of all ice observed in the sea is formed and localized in the winter season. According to long-term data, the duration of the period with ice in Peter the Great Bay is 120 days, and in the Tatar Strait - from 40-80 days in the southern part of the strait, to 140-170 days in its northern part.


    The underwater world of the northern and southern regions of the Sea of ​​Japan is very different. In the cold northern and northwestern regions, flora and fauna of temperate latitudes have formed, and in the southern part of the sea, south of Vladivostok, a warm-water faunistic complex prevails. Off the coast of the Far East, a mixture of warm-water and temperate fauna occurs.


    In the Sea of ​​Japan, you can meet octopuses and squids - typical representatives of warm seas. Also, vertical walls covered with anemones, gardens of brown algae - kelp.


    In the Sea of ​​Japan, there is a huge abundance of starfish and sea urchins of various colors and sizes, shrimps, jellyfish, small crabs. Bright red sea squirts live on rocks and stones. Of the mollusks, scallops are the most common. Of the fish, blennies and sea ruffs are often found.

    slide 1

    Japanese Sea

    Prepared by Kuskova Anastasia

    slide 2

    The Sea of ​​Japan is a sea in the Pacific Ocean, separated from it by the Japanese Islands and Sakhalin Island. It washes the shores of Russia, Korea and Japan. The northern part of the sea freezes in winter.

    slide 3

    The area is 1.062 million square kilometers. The greatest depth is 3742 m. The northern part of the sea freezes in winter.

    slide 4

    QUESTION OF NAME OF THE SEA

    In South Korea, the Sea of ​​Japan is called the "East Sea" (Korean 동해), and in North Korea it is called the East Sea of ​​Korea (Korean 조선동해). The Korean side claims that the name "Sea of ​​Japan" was imposed on the world community by the Japanese Empire. The Japanese side, in turn, shows that the name "Sea of ​​Japan" is found on most maps and is generally accepted.

    Slide 7

    Flora and fauna

    Off the coast of the Far East, a mixture of warm-water and temperate fauna occurs. Here you can meet octopuses and squids - typical representatives of warm seas. At the same time, vertical walls covered with sea anemones, gardens of brown algae - kelp - all this resembles the landscapes of the White and Barents Seas. In the Sea of ​​Japan, there is a huge abundance of starfish and sea urchins of various colors and sizes, there are brittle stars, shrimps, small crabs (King crabs are found here only in May, and then they go further into the sea). Bright red sea squirts live on rocks and stones. Of the mollusks, scallops are the most common. Of the fish, blennies and sea ruffs are often found.

    Slide 10

    Main ports

    Vladivostok, Nakhodka, Vostochny, Sovetskaya Gavan, Vanino, Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky, Kholmsk, Niigata, Tsuruga, Maizuru, Wonsan, Hyungnam, Chongjin, Busan.

    slide 11

    ECONOMIC USE

    Fishing; extraction of crabs, trepangs, algae. MARITIME TRANSPORT FISHING AND MARICULTURE RECREATION AND TOURISM

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