Hares. their biological characteristics. What is the maximum speed of a rabbit? Where do hares live and do they dig holes? How much does a hare jump

21.04.2020

10

Jump Height: 2.5 m

Hares are a genus of the hare family. Distributed everywhere except Australia and Antarctica, only about 30 species. They are distinguished by long ears, a short raised tail, underdeveloped clavicles, long hind legs, which allows them to move in jumps. Hares can move very quickly: a hare can reach a speed of 77 km / h. .

9

Jump Height: 3m

The large red kangaroo is the largest of the kangaroo species, the largest mammal in Australia, and the largest of modern marsupials. The hind legs of a large red kangaroo work in the same way as a rabbit's. With the help of their hind legs, these animals move by jumping at speeds up to 65 kilometers per hour, and in one vigorous jump they overcome more than nine meters.

8

Jump Height: 3.5 m

The blue sheep got its name from the blue-gray hue in the color of the coat, which is especially pronounced in animals in the first winter of their life. Adult animals have a gray-brown color with a light bottom and black stripes on the front surface of the legs. The body length of such a ram is 115-165 cm, height - 75-90 cm, the length of the horns in males reaches 80 cm, in females - 20 cm. Blue rams are one of the best jumpers among animals, they are adapted to jump from a cliff to a cliff .

7

Jump Height: up to 10 times your own height

Leaping antelopes are small, stocky antelopes. Males have widely spaced wedge-shaped horns, the average length of which is about 10 cm. Females are somewhat larger than males: their height at the shoulders is 50-53 cm, while that of males is 49-52 cm. Body weight 8.9-18 kg. The height of the jump reaches 5 meters.

6

Jump Height: up to 20 times its own body length

Russian word "grasshopper" considered a diminutive of "blacksmith". But most likely it has nothing to do with the forge, but comes from the Old Russian "izok" meaning "June". Almost 7 thousand known species of grasshoppers live on all continents except Antarctica. Due to this diversity, even an experienced entomologist cannot always determine the species affiliation of a particular individual. Most species are distinguished by an elongated body, a laterally compressed head and two oval compound eyes of grasshoppers. Powerful gnawing jaws help the insect deal with prey and tear off pieces of food. Depending on the species, the length of the grasshopper can be from 1.5 to 15 cm. The three pairs of legs perform different functions: the two front pairs are designed for walking, and the grasshopper's muscular hind legs are excellent for jumping. Pushing off with great force, the grasshopper jumps a great distance. The jump height of a grasshopper can be 20 times its body length.

5

Jump Height: up to 45 times its own body length

There are 22 known species of kangaroo jumpers. Their size is from 10 to 20 cm, not counting the tail, which is approximately equal to their length. Weight from 35 to 180 grams. A distinctive feature is the long hind legs. The kangaroo jumper can jump like a kangaroo and use its tail to maintain balance. This creature becomes active at night when the desert cools. He practically does not drink water, extracting the water he needs from seeds.

4

Jump Height: up to 70 times your own height

Cercopoidea is a superfamily of cicada homoptera insects. The hind legs are jumpy. 2 simple ocelli. Hind tibia with strong conical lateral teeth with fine subapical setae. Antennae with small but clearly distinct 3rd segment, which already bears a whip thin from the very base. The height of the jump of this insect can be 70 times the height of its body.

3

Jump Height: up to 100 times its own body length

Jumping spiders are active diurnal hunters. They have a well-developed internal hydraulic system: the ability to expand their limbs as a result of changes in blood pressure. This allows the spiders to jump great distances, far beyond their own body size. Before the jump, the spider is insured: it attaches a silk thread of the web to the place from which the jump will be made. Unlike other spiders, they easily climb glass. Very small hairs and claws help with this.

2

Jump Height: up to 150 times its own body length

Small brightly colored animals with large bright red eyes with vertical pupils. The body length of females is up to 7.7 cm, males up to 5.9 cm. Color and size may vary in different parts of the range. With the onset of darkness, tree frogs wake up, yawn, stretch, change their light green daytime color to dark green at night, and announce the surroundings with a specific croaking. Capable of making very long jumps.

1

Jump Height: up to 220 times its own body length

The body of fleas is laterally compressed, narrow, smooth, equipped with bristles and spines, which help to move and stay in the thick wool and between the feathers of the hosts, in the folds of clothing, as well as in the substrate of their nests and in burrows. The body length in different species varies from 1 to 5 mm, but in females of some species it can reach 10 mm due to hypertrophic growth of the abdomen after the start of feeding. They often move in jumps, using the second and especially the third pair of legs to push. In this rating, the flea took first place as the most jumping animal.

In nature, there are many champion runners. Everyone knows that in the world - it's a cheetah. Further, with a small margin in speed, there are a gazelle, an antelope, a greyhound dog, a horse, a zebra and a hare. The last sprinter will be discussed in the article, which will tell you what the maximum speed of the hare is and how it helps him survive among predators.

Features of hares

Zoology distinguishes several species and subspecies of these animals. Bushman hare, bristly hare, African hare, climbing hare (or Japanese tree hare, which is on the verge of extinction), tailless and black-tailed hare and more than a dozen species live on the planet. Let's not forget, of course, our Russian bunnies - hare, hare.

Species differ in color, habitat, gastronomic habits, even blood composition. Common to all lagomorphs:

the structure of the jaw, which allows fractional grinding of solid plant foods (branches, tree bark);
teeth wear down and grow throughout life;
acute hearing and vision, the sense of smell is especially well developed;
the presence of special odorous glands for detection by relatives;
excellent adaptability to the run of a hare can reach 60 km / h);
terrestrial animals, climb and swim poorly;
high fecundity (a female produces up to 4 broods of 5-10 babies each year).

swift-footed animals

All hares are excellent sprinters. The amazing ability to run so fast in these small animals is developed due to the special development of the musculoskeletal system. The hind legs are long and muscular, which allows them to make huge jumps of 3-4 meters in length. The hind legs are also much longer than the front. This feature makes it possible to immediately develop tremendous speed from a place. The maximum speed of the hare already in 5 seconds (!) of running reaches 50 km / h.

The structure of the paws also contributes to high speed. Narrow and long, they provide good grip on the ground and help to effectively push off when jumping.

Another curious fact. In a hare, the right and left limbs are not symmetrically developed. This is the reason why in the run the hare does not move in a straight line, but winds. This ability, given to him by mother nature, increases the chances of escaping from a predator.

The recorded maximum speed of the hare when avoiding danger was 75 km / h! This is a hare of the hare species, which among its relatives is the fastest-footed.

How scientists studied what is the maximum speed of a hare

Zoologists, studying the life of animals, pay great attention to their habits, behavior in groups and response to danger. The main methods of such study are observation, ambushes, photographing, video filming. Animals are also caught, on which special sensors are put on. They record movement, speed, even physiological reactions of the body to stress and danger.

It was with the help of such a sensor that the maximum speed of the hare was recorded. It is very difficult to make a photo of a hare, running away from danger with all its legs. However, with the help of the latest cameras that record time and shoot 10 frames per second, it was possible to record the speed record of a hare - 75 km / h.

Did you know that hares live everywhere in nature. You will not meet them only in Antarctica and Australia. In total, they are distinguished by about 30 species, but in Russia only the stomp hare, Manchurian hare, hare and hare are common. The last two species are the most famous hares in the nature of our country.

What does a hare look like

The white hare is a large mammal reaching a length of 74 cm and a weight of up to 5 kg. Characteristic features are long ears, short fluffy tail. The paws are wide, the hind legs are much longer than the front ones. Thanks to this, the hare runs fast and jumps very well.

But it is easy for him to run up the hill, but it is difficult to go down - long paws interfere. And he has to roll head over heels down the mountain.

In winter, the coat is thick, pure white, only the very tassels of the ears are painted black. They shed in spring and autumn, in summer the color of the coat is masking - the gray color casts brown-red shades.

A hare looks very similar to a white hare, only its body weight can reach 7 kg. Its ears and tail are much longer than those of its counterpart. Summer coloration is almost the same as that of the hare, in winter it only becomes a little lighter.

They also differ in their habitat. The hare prefers open spaces, and the white hare likes forest thickets, although in spring he feeds on the first grass also in meadows and fields.

Why is a hare called oblique

If you look at the hare directly, his eyes are large, velvety dark in color and not at all oblique. They are just located a little closer to the sides of the head.

In addition, the neck muscles are inactive, he cannot turn it. And when the hare runs very fast, he has to squint his eyes to see the pursuers.

Do hares dig holes?

The hare does not have its own house. In winter, he spends the night in deep snow. The fur coat is so warm that he is not afraid of any frost, and on a white snowy tablecloth it is difficult for both the hunter and the fox to notice him.

In summer, it sleeps in any hole under a bush or hides under the roots of a large tree turned upside down by a storm, and runs all day looking for food.

Also, under a bush in a small hole, a hare gives birth to cubs. Hares are very prolific, the offspring can be up to 11 rabbits, and this happens 2-3 times a year. Parents don't care for rabbits. During the mating season, males fight fiercely, beat each other with their front paws, and, having achieved the location of the female, disappear.

The hare herself is also with the newborns only for 4–5 days, then runs away in search of food. Hares are covered with hair from birth, move well, but prefer to sit quietly in their hole.

The mother resorts to them only occasionally, and a completely alien hare can also come running. They will feed them with fatty nutritious milk and run away again.

Adult hares eat juicy fresh herbs in summer, sweet roots, climb and feast on vegetables in the gardens. Despite all their caution, if they are not driven, they can do it systematically and unceremoniously, losing all fear.

In winter, they gnaw on the bark of various trees, often aspens. In the orchards, the bark of young apple trees is spoiled, and haystacks are found, set by people for domestic animals. Snow is raked in the fields and winter wheat is eaten.

Animals are defenseless against many predators. Eagles, hawks, owls, foxes - everyone is not averse to eating hare. People hunt hares because of their fluffy skin, they eat meat.

Only fast legs save the hare - it can reach speeds of up to 80 km / h. Running away from the pursuers, the hare winds, confuses its tracks, passes along them twice and thrice. At the same time, it makes jumps to the side. And the dog or the fox is lost, the prey ran forward or backward. It knows how to hide well in any place, in the flood it easily jumps from ice floe to ice floe.

Hares are perhaps the most common animals in our country. Despite the fact that they are a favorite trophy of many hunters, their numbers are practically unchanged, because due to their fecundity, these animals breed very actively.

There are about 30 species in total, all types of hares differ somewhat in external features and habits.

Appearance

If we take a general description of a hare (mammal, hare family), then it should be noted that all species have similar features:

long ears;
underdeveloped clavicles;
long and strong hind legs;
short fluffy tail.

Females are larger than males, the size of animals ranges from 25 to 74 cm, and the weight reaches 10 kg.

Thanks to its long hind legs, this animal is able to run fast and jump. The running speed of a hare, for example, can reach 70 km / h.

Moult

These animals shed twice a year, in autumn and spring. The beginning and term of molting are associated with external conditions. Molting begins with changes in the length of daylight hours, and its duration is determined by air temperature.

Spring molt in most species begins in late winter - early spring and lasts an average of 75-80 days. The animal begins to molt from the head to the lower limbs.

Autumn molting begins, on the contrary, from the back of the body and passes to the head. It usually begins in September, and the molt ends by the end of November. Winter fur grows thicker and lush, it protects the animal from the cold.

Varieties

Four species are widespread in Russia: Manchurian, sandstone hare, white hare and hare. Let's consider them in more detail.

Manchurian

This species has much in common with the wild rabbit, but it is still difficult to confuse them, since the Manchurian hare looks somewhat different.

This small animal is no more than 55 cm long and weighs up to 2.5 kg. The length of the ears is about 8 cm. The fur is hard and thick, brownish-ocher in color. The belly and sides are lighter than the body, there are several dark stripes on the back.

The habitat of this species is the Far East, the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China. In cold weather, this species has seasonal migration over short distances, during which animals move to places where there is less snow.

In nature, the species is not very widespread and has no commercial value.

Sandstone

This species is also called tolai or talai. Compared to Russians, it is rather small. Length 40-55 cm, weight up to 2.5 kg. But the tail and ears are longer: the length of the tail reaches 11.5 cm, the ears - up to 12 cm. Narrow paws are not adapted to movement in the snow. In summer, this species has grayish-buff fur, white on the throat and belly, and always remains dark on other parts of the body. The molting period largely depends on the habitat and weather conditions.

Tolai chooses flat areas, deserts and semi-deserts for life, but sometimes climbs high into the mountains. In Central Asia, it can be found at an altitude of 3000 m above sea level. Often this hare lives in a hole abandoned by another animal; he rarely digs holes himself.

Tolai leads a sedentary life and migrates only in case of severe deterioration of weather conditions or with an acute shortage of food.

This species breeds less often than others - 1-2 times a year, but since it is hunted infrequently, no decrease in numbers is observed.

Tolai is widespread in Central Asia. It is also found in Transbaikalia, Mongolia, Southern Siberia and some provinces of China. In Russia, tolai lives in Altai, in the Astrakhan region, in Buryatia and in the Chui steppe.

Belyak

Description of the white hare: this is a rather large representative of the hare family. How much does a hare weigh? The average weight of a hare is 2-3 kg, it can reach up to 4.5 kg. Body length is from 45 to 70 cm, ears - 8-10 cm, tail - 5-10 cm. This species has wide paws. Thanks to the feet covered with thick wool, the hare moves with ease even on loose snow in winter. The color depends on the season. In summer, the skin is gray - dark or with a reddish tint, with brown spots. The head is darker than the body, the belly is white. In winter, the hare's skin becomes pure white. Sheds twice a year, in autumn and spring.

Where does the white hare live? In Russia, the white hare inhabits most of the territory from western Transbaikalia and the upper Don to the tundra. Also, large populations of this species live in China, Japan, Mongolia, South America and Northern Europe.

For life, they choose small forests located near water bodies, farmland and open spaces, places rich in herbaceous plants, berries. They lead a sedentary lifestyle, occupying an area from 3 to 30 hectares, migrate only in case of severe weather and lack of food supply. Long-distance and mass migrations of hare are observed only in the tundra zone, where the snow cover in winter is so high that hare food (low-growing plants) becomes inaccessible.

They breed 2-3 times a year, there are up to 11 hares in a litter. The life expectancy of a hare in the wild is from 7 to 17 years.

Hare

The brown hare is larger than the white hare. With a body length of 57-68 cm, it weighs from 4 to 7 kg. The length of the ears is 9-14 cm, the tail of the hare is 7-14 cm. The hare has longer and narrower paws than the hare.

This hare is gray in summer with an ocher, brownish or reddish tint. In winter, a gray hare living in the middle lane practically does not change its color, it only becomes a little lighter. Animals inhabiting the northern regions become almost white in color, only a dark stripe remains on the back.

Where does the hare live? In Russia, Russians inhabit the entire European part, the region of the Ural Mountains, in southern Siberia, the Khabarovsk Territory and the territory near Kazakhstan, in the Transcaucasus in the Caucasus and in the Crimea.

Also, hare populations inhabit Europe, the USA, Canada, Western Asia and Asia Minor.

What does a hare eat? Since it belongs to herbivores, the diet consists of green parts of plants: clover, dandelion, mouse peas, yarrow, cereals.

Rusak is a steppe hare, he chooses open spaces for life, rarely lives in forest areas and in the mountains. The animals lead a sedentary life, occupying an area of 30 to 50 hectares. Seasonal migrations occur only among Rusaks living in mountainous areas. The hare descends from the mountains in winter, and again climbs up the hill in summer.

They breed depending on the habitat and weather conditions, from 1 to 5 times a year. In a brood from 1 to 9 rabbits. How many years does a hare live? The average life expectancy of a hare is 6-7 years.

habitats

Hares are distributed almost everywhere. Their populations are numerous and inhabit all continents. Antarctica is the only place on earth where these animals do not live.

Lifestyle and habits

This eared animal leads a twilight-night lifestyle. During the day, the animal rests for days. True, in places where there is a high number of oblique, the habits of the hare change and, often, it is active during the day.

Unlike rabbits, the scythe does not dig deep holes. A hare hole is a small depression in the ground, under bushes or tree roots. These animals choose beds depending on the terrain and weather conditions. In warm, clear weather, they can lay down almost anywhere, if there is at least a small shelter nearby. In winter, finding places to lie down is not a problem at all, since hares sleep right on the snow.

Oblique runs very fast, often making long jumps while running and can change direction abruptly. This method of movement helps the animal escape from predators pursuing it. Eared tricksters are great at confusing their tracks. At the slightest threat, the animal freezes motionlessly until it considers that nothing else threatens it.

Many people wonder if hares can swim. Although they do not like water and try to stay away from it, they are good swimmers.

Food

The diet of the oblique is very diverse. What a hare eats depends on the season, weather conditions and habitat.

Summer

In summer, this herbivorous animal eats more than 500 species of plants, preferring their green parts. He also likes to eat gourds, vegetables and fruits. Animals often get out into the fields and raid vegetable gardens and orchards. In autumn, their diet includes more and more solid food. Withered grass, roots and branches of shrubs become their main food.

in winter

And what do hares eat in winter, when there is no greenery?

The greater the layer of snow, the harder it is for the eared to get food. High snow levels can hide almost everything that hares eat in winter. Animals escape from hunger by moving closer to settlements. They are rescued in harsh winters by haystacks, frozen berries on bushes and fruits of padans, which the animals dig out from under the snow.

Tree bark makes up the bulk of the diet during the cold season. Usually oblique selects softwood trees: aspen, birch, willow and others.

spring

In spring, the diet becomes significantly more diverse due to buds, young shoots and fresh grass. To make up for the lack of nutrients, eared eats pebbles, earth and even animal bones.

reproduction

It directly depends on the weather conditions when the mating of hares begins. In warm winters, the rut can begin in January, and after frosty winters - in early March.

These animals communicate during the mating season, tapping out a certain rhythm with their front paws on the ground. Males compete for the attention of females, converging in spectacular fights.

Young individuals are ready for reproduction already in a year. The offspring of most species produces several up to five times a year, on average 2-5 cubs in one litter. Despite the fact that hares are born developed and sighted, for the first days they practically do not move, hiding in a hole.

The female leaves the brood almost immediately after giving birth and only occasionally returns to feed the cubs. Since the females have offspring at the same time, any hare, having stumbled upon hungry cubs, will surely feed them. This behavior is easy to explain. Rabbits do not have a smell, unlike adults, and the less often the female is next to them, the less likely the cubs are to become prey to a predator.

Hunting

Hunting for hares is popular in our country. This animal is an object of fur trade and sport hunting. In large numbers, these animals are hunted for their fur and tasty, nutritious meat.

Hunting starts in October before snow falls and lasts all winter. There are many ways of hunting: by trailing, on ambush, by powder, with dogs and "in the uzerku".

The oblique in nature has many enemies other than hunters. It is hunted by birds of prey, wolves, lynxes, coyotes and foxes. High fecundity helps to maintain the number of these animals.

Video

One of our largest hares: length 44–75 cm, body weight 2.5–5.5 kg. The largest individuals come across in Western Siberia, the smallest - in Yakutia. In the middle lane, hare are of medium size, weighing 3–4 kg. The average size of the imprint of the front paw of the animal is 8.5 × 5, the back one - 12 × 8, the length of the sole of the hind paw is 18 cm. The tail is white, round. The fur is reddish-brown in summer, snow-white in winter, the tips of the ears are black.

Habitat biotope. Forests sparse with cuts, burnt areas, meadows. In summer near swamps, rivers and streams.
What does it eat. Herbaceous plants. In winter - bark and branches of willow, aspen, birch.
Ecology of the species. During the rut in February-March, on moonlit nights and at dawn, males squeal loudly and fight. In total, there are 2-3 broods of 3-6 rabbits per year. The first brood is still on the crust - hares are called nastoviks. The last brood is already in the fall - hares are called deciduous. Rabbits move already on the first day after birth, on the 9-10th day they eat grass. The number of white hare varies greatly from year to year with a certain rhythm - in the taiga every 10-11 pets. in mixed forests more often, with less regular frequency. The white hare is of great commercial importance.

The soles of the front and rear paws of the white hare

The hare makes short jumps in the places of fattening. Here the animal leisurely jumps along the trunk of a fallen aspen or from one branch sticking out from under the snow to another, in order to crouch down, cut it off with sharp teeth and again continue to search for food.

In a galloping hare, only the toes and the front of the back sole are imprinted. In a crouched animal, the soles of the hind paws are imprinted entirely, and traces of the front paws are visible between the prints of the soles of the hind paws. Even shorter jumps are sometimes made by a hare that has quietly descended from its bed. He, as if sneaking and clinging to the ground, almost crawling away from the prone for several meters and only then breaks into long jumps.

At a slow pace, the hare goes to feed or returns from the place of fattening. With a calm movement, a medium-sized hare makes jumps 120–170 cm long (from the front edge of one group of tracks to the front edge of the next group of prints of all 4 paws), while the length of each group of prints is 38–66 cm.

With slightly longer jumps, the hare jumps, overcoming long distances. Frightened or avoiding pursuit, he makes jumps that are almost twice as large as those during calm movement. In such cases, the length of the jumps is about 220 cm, and the length of the group of traces is 130–150 cm.

The clearest traces remain on shallow and slightly wet snow. There, each paw print looks not just an oval hole, in it you can distinguish the outlines of all 4 fingers. But then the frost hit. Fluffy snow sparkles in the sun. Lifting light snow dust, the hare darted across the clearing. And melted like a white ghost behind the frosty bushes. Only fresh malik is seen with bluish spots on the snowy shroud. The animal had just passed, but the trail on the dry frosty snow left an indistinct, with crumbling edges.

In a light thaw, or when the wind compacts the surface of long-fallen snow, a crust forms, but it is so thin that it will not always withstand a hare. No, no, and a thin crust will fall under the animal. Hunters know how hard it is to walk on the crust, when the leg fails not at every step, but from time to time. In order to fall through less, the hare is forced to jump on a thin crust with fingers wide apart.

If windy weather stays for a long time, a strong crust-board is formed. Such compacted snow often withstands a person. It is easy for a hare to move on such snow. But how difficult it is to trap him. The marks are almost imperceptible and you have to look closely for a long time, bending low to see the subtle scratches of the claws. It is bad to trail in the wind. In the forest, clods of snow fly from the trees all the time, covering the tracks and making the surface of the snow pockmarked, and in open places the wind carries drifting snow and quickly covers even fresh tracks.

By spring or after a thaw, which has been replaced by cold, it happens to see traces of a hare, somewhat raised above the surface of the snow. This happens when the animal passes through wet snow, and then frost hits and the prints become very icy. Then it will get warmer again, the snow around the frozen prints will settle, and they will be above the snowdrifts.

In winter, finding a place to feed a hare in the snow is very easy. Most often they are seen near a wind-blown, man-cut or fallen aspen or willow, sometimes near a birch. Hares damage the bark of other trees and bushes in the middle lane much less frequently. While the snow is still shallow, they willingly bite blueberry shoots sticking out.

Often they go out to the fields sown since autumn, dig up the snow and feed on the shoots of winter crops. On closer examination, traces of feeding of hares can be found even in a snowless time, but they are especially clearly visible in winter. These are bitten, as if cut with a sharp knife, twigs, and peas of rabbit droppings scattered everywhere. In some places, the snow is completely trampled by hare paws, and pieces of gnawed bark, branches and other traces are clearly visible on the white veil.

If a hare visits a fallen trunk only once, then only a few light marks of teeth are visible on the bark. If several animals get used to this peculiar feeder, then the bark is almost completely gnawed from most of the branches and the upper part of the trunk, where it is softer and juicier. And along the fallen tree, whole placers of hare droppings and rarer reddish urine stains are visible everywhere.

In winter, the litter of a white hare looks like a bun that is slightly flattened from the sides. It is greenish-ocher in color, and wood fibers are clearly visible in it. The size of the peas is about 1.5–2 cm. In summer, the litter is smaller, rounded and very dark due to the hare eating fresh vegetative parts of plants. During this period, it is not so easy to distinguish it from the hare's litter, as in winter.

White hare rarely lie down near the feeding place, sometimes moving away from it for a considerable distance. Before lying down, he often crosses forest ravines, goes through dense bushes or thickets of small spruce forests, makes his way through windfall or cluttered clearings, makes loops and finally lies down near the places where he has recently passed. All this interferes with the trailing of the hare and makes the approach to its bed rather noisy. Often the pursuer, carried away by unraveling the tracks, will awaken the hare ahead of time and will not even notice how he, having left the bed, quietly leaves, hiding behind vegetation or uneven terrain.

Here is the first double. The trail suddenly ends. And just looking closer, you notice that the hare turned and followed its own trail back. Now look for a mark, or a discount, - a place where the hare will leave its mark and jump far to the side. You have to be very careful. Often, making a discount, the hare jumps back behind some kind of cover - a bush, a tubercle, a dead tree or into a ditch. So, even when you find the place where he threw himself off, you will not immediately notice in the direction where he sank. From here, having galloped for some time in long jumps, the animal switches to a more calm course and again begins to wind and confuse the tracks. After the second double and the discount, it usually falls not far, although a third discount is sometimes possible.

The hare lays down in very different places - it depends on the time and the weather. At the beginning of the hunting season, in October, if the weather is warm and dry, it often lies near streams, in forest ravines, hiding in thickets of nettles or other grasses. Just as often, it can be found in willows near swamps. In wet weather, hares often lie on mounds and clearings. In cold or rain, they often hide in dense thickets of fir trees or under a pile of deadwood.