Rogozin on the moon. Rogozin's Napoleonic plans: the Russian Federation already has the best weapons in Europe, and there will also be a base on the moon. Something in the Crimea we "inherited" left

The list of tasks included the expansion of Russia's presence in low Earth orbits and the transition from their development to use, the colonization of the Moon and near-lunar space, as well as the preparation and start of the exploration of Mars and other objects of the solar system.

An analysis of the prospects for the space industry, conducted by industry organizations and specialists from the Russian Academy of Sciences, showed that the exploration of the Moon should become the main vector, Rogozin wrote. It was the lunar issue that he paid special attention to.

According to the Deputy Prime Minister, Russian cosmonauts will be able to land on the Moon in 2030, after which a visited lunar base will be created on it. On the Earth's satellite, it is planned to build a laboratory for the study of lunar minerals and meteorites, as well as to create a pilot production of useful substances, gases, and water from regolith.

Gradually, test sites for the accumulation and transmission of energy at a distance will be placed on the moon. “This should be reminiscent of the development of a new continent,” writes Rogozin. He noted that Russian specialists know how "grandiose, daunting, ambitious task" is, but they understand how to implement it.

“In the next 50 years, technologically, mankind is unlikely to be ready to implement manned flights in areas more distant than the space between Venus and Mars. But it is quite realistic to talk about the exploration of the moon, about flights to asteroids and about flights to Mars, ”wrote Rogozin.

The moon is the object of fundamental scientific research, the official said. In addition, the Earth's satellite is "the closest source of extraterrestrial matter, minerals, minerals, volatile compounds." In his opinion, the Moon can become a platform for technological research and testing of new space technology.

Dmitry Rogozin added that Russia is not going to limit the lunar program in time. “It is hardly advisable to make 10-20 flights to the Moon, and then, leaving everything behind, fly to Mars or asteroids. This process has a beginning, but no end: we are going to go to the moon forever,” he wrote in the article. Rogozin added that flights to Mars and asteroids will largely become possible thanks to the exploration of the Moon.

Yuri Zaitsev, Head of the Department of Information and Analytical Work of the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences:

Dmitry Rogozin's proposals set out in his article deserve attention. But he decided to ban the launch of nuclear power plants into space, although we are working on the creation of these plants. Even after the emergency descent of our satellite with a nuclear power plant, which fell on the territory of Canada, there was a big international scandal. Since then, their use has been limited, but one cannot do without such power plants in the future - this issue will have to be resolved sooner or later anyway.

Rogozin also focused on the colonization of the Moon and Mars. We do have plans to develop the resources of the moon. And Mars is too expensive to talk about the seriousness of such statements now. As they say, across the sea a heifer is a half, but a ruble is transported. It is also necessary to master asteroid materials, this is also a reasonable proposal. But such large-scale projects are possible only in the very distant future, now there are too many more pressing problems.

ALL PHOTOS

Commenting on the tasks facing the military-industrial complex supervised by him, Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Dmitry Rogozin highly appreciated the achievements of Russian gunsmiths and spoke about the exploration of the moon, which could become a super-task.

As Rogozin assured on the air of the Vesti FM radio station, the State Armament Program planned for implementation until 2020 will be implemented. After the modernization of the Armed Forces, the share of new weapons, according to the Deputy Prime Minister, will be 70%.

Rogozin named "special chemistry, special gunpowder" among the problematic branches of the defense industry. It is expected that the renewal of chemical plants will take two to three years, he said.

Despite the fact that the small arms industry is currently “in a difficult situation,” it also has great successes, the official said. According to Rogozin, the new types of weapons created at TsNIItochmash in Klimovsk - a pistol and a sniper rifle - are the best in Europe. Now the vice-premier is going to take the chairman of the government to the enterprise to show him the achievements of specialists.

It should be noted that TsNIITochmash produces the SR-1M ("Gyurza") self-loading pistol for special forces and law enforcement agencies; submachine gun SR-2M, "Veresk"; small-sized machine gun SR-3M ("Whirlwind"). In addition, special silent small arms are produced: the AS "Val" submachine gun, the VSS "Vintorez" 9-mm sniper rifle, and the PSS "Vul" silent pistol. The enterprise also created underwater small arms: the APS submachine gun and the SPP-1M pistol.

Rogozin proposed to create a base on the moon

Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, on the air of the Vesti FM radio station, suggested that Roscosmos create a space research base on the Moon. According to the Deputy Prime Minister, such a project could become a "super-goal" of the Russian space program, a stimulus for the development of science and industry.

“Russian cosmonauts have learned to be in gravity, work in orbit, conduct the necessary experiments there. Why not try to make a large station on the Moon, which would become the base for further “leaps” in science,” Rogozin said.

As the official noted, the Russian space industry now simply needs to determine the most important task, and this does not have to be a base on the moon. "There may be other proposals. We need to argue, we need to offer," he said.

Recall that the "Development Strategy until 2030" includes "operation of the lunar orbital base in the visited mode, maintenance and repair of large spacecraft and interorbital tugs in near-Earth orbits." The program suggests that a manned spacecraft could go to the moon as early as 2020.

However, recently the head of Roscosmos, Vladimir Popovkin, stipulated the conditions for the landing of Russians on the moon. According to him, this will only happen if it is confirmed that there is water on the Earth's satellite. Popovkin did not mention the ambitions of the space department for the exploration of the moon.

However, inconsistency is typical not only for Roskomos, but also for Rogozin himself. RBC recalls his directly opposite statement made in March. “Why do we need to fly to the Moon? What can we find useful there? Maybe there are other tasks related to Mars, Venus and the study of solar physics?” the Deputy Prime Minister said then.

On the crisis and "end-to-end management" in Roskomos

In an interview with the Vesti FM radio station, Dmitry Rogozin touched upon the topic of the crisis in the industry, which is regularly discussed in the press in connection with a series of failed spacecraft launches. The Deputy Prime Minister said that the situation is not as critical as it might seem. "We do not have a systemic crisis in the space industry," the official is sure.

According to the Deputy Prime Minister, in order to restore order in the industry, it is necessary to solve problems at individual enterprises. According to Rogozin, the main problems of the industry are a large percentage of manual labor at enterprises, their low equipment and the elderly average age of the staff.

According to Rogozin, in the next two months a new system in the management of the space industry will be formulated - "end-to-end management" will appear. "Recertification of executives will be carried out, new leaders will be appointed on a competitive basis," he promised, noting that he would personally monitor the progress of the recertification.

The Deputy Prime Minister said that purges had been carried out in the industry before. Numerous abuses of official duties of the industry management were revealed. So, some heads of space enterprises, according to him, appointed themselves salaries of 5 million rubles, with an average salary of 30 thousand rubles. According to Rogozin, Popovkin told him about this. The official noted that this topic is currently closed. “Now, of course, we have finished this whole story cheerfully. But in general, yes, these are the great directors we had,” he concluded.

At the same time, according to the vice-premier, the problem cannot be solved "by scolding and purges alone". It is necessary to work not only with personnel, but also develop uniform technical requirements for products in the space industry.

Interview

22.12.2016 16:05

DMITRY ROGOZIN: WE PLAN TO BUILD A BASE ON THE MOON BY 2030

KP journalists met at the White House with Dmitry ROGOZIN, Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian government in charge of the military-industrial complex.

About vocational schools and Syria

When you say "OPK", you imagine something powerful, gigantic. In the USSR, the defense industry was almost the third part of the entire industry ...

The military-industrial complex today consists of 1350 enterprises and 2 million people, and each of them is a professional in his field. From a worker to a scientist or designer. Our industry produces 35% of domestic innovative products, and if we take all Russian exports, then the share of the defense industry in it is 25%. Russian President Vladimir Putin in his Address estimated the growth rate of the industry: in terms of labor productivity - about 10%, in terms of production - 10%. At a time of hardship facing the Russian economy, the defense industry is offsetting a decline that has affected some civilian industries. And a number of defense industry enterprises are already setting up the production of civilian products - aircraft, pleasure boats, offshore platforms. A year ago, I was in the hospital, I looked at how they treat me, they operate on me. All American or European. We annually spend about 350 billion rubles on the import of foreign medical equipment. Although this money could be invested in the development of domestic.

- Will the defense industry also be able to make it?

Already doing it! And on their own initiative. MRI and CT according to technical characteristics correspond to the best foreign models. X-ray equipment has been doing normal for a long time. Children's incubators for carrying babies are assembled in Yekaterinburg - we even export them abroad. This does not mean that military factories should be completely retrained as civilian enterprises. It is necessary that civilian production become a mobilization reserve and, if necessary, be able to produce military products. As they joked in the USSR, we had pasta and cigarettes with a caliber of 7.62 mm, and cigars with a caliber of 20 mm.

- Previously, in every city there were vocational schools, technical schools. Where can I get footage now?

We are actively developing training centers that work in close conjunction with specific enterprises. For example, the Novosibirsk Aviation Plant. Chkalov, where we assemble the Sukhoi Superjet civil aircraft and the Su-34 multifunctional fighter-bomber in neighboring workshops. Part of the enterprise in Novosibirsk was assigned to a training center. We recruit guys, teach them, pay good scholarships so that they are motivated for further work at the enterprise. During the year, 1200 people were recruited. There is a similar school in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Many private factories are also adopting this experience.

- Production companies in the army appeared again.

This is, among other things, an initiative and boards of the Military-Industrial Commission of the Russian Federation. It was suggested that all young employees of defense industry enterprises serve precisely in those units that are related by profile to the work of this enterprise. If you work at Kurganmashzavod, then why don't you go serve in the Airborne Forces as a BMD-4M mechanic. You will see how it works, you will go through an “internship”.

- In Syria, after all, many new products of the domestic defense industry are also being tested. Does anyone have an internship there?

We sent all the most up-to-date equipment to our servicemen in Syria. And means of communication, and optics, and small arms, and precision-guided munitions. In Syria, we have representatives of enterprises who are constantly present at the base, watching how equipment is used. If necessary, everything is immediately repaired and restored.

About Ukraine and Crimea

Historically, the military-industrial complex of Ukraine was closely connected with ours. Did you have any relationship with him?

Everything is destroyed through the fault of Kyiv. At the end of 2013, President Putin instructed me to go to Ukraine. First days of December. Maidan has already begun to make noise, but the riot police have not yet been burned. I flew with the directors of the enterprises of our defense industry to Nikolaev, from there - to Zaporozhye, Dnepropetrovsk, in the evening we ended up in Kyiv - at the design bureau and at the Antonov plant. Do you know how they received us there? “Finally, dear ones, they have arrived.” These grandfathers at Yuzhmash literally cried. They really dreamed of entering into a single cooperation, in which they used to be. After the coup, everything was completely spoiled and destroyed. Now the Nikolaev plant "Zarya-Mashproekt" owes us money. We paid for gas turbine units for frigates. They made them... At the Ukrainian customs, the paid equipment was not allowed into Russia. As a result, the money was not returned to us, the units were not delivered, but they also have nowhere to put them. And who will Yuzhmash work for? We had cooperation with them on the Zenith rocket. It was the first stage for the Energiya super-heavy rocket. We have now stopped launching missiles of this type. We will make our rocket in the same class, but without the Ukrainians. Where will their workshops go?

- Is there something left in Crimea for us?

It seems that the "Messerschmites" with the "Junkers" bombed everything there. There are 28 military enterprises in total, a decent industry in the past. There is a helicopter repair plant, there is a Fiolent instrument-making plant in Simferopol. We immediately began to revive the defense enterprises of the Crimea. Now, for example, the Zelenodolsk shipbuilding plant, which is located in Tatarstan, is helping the Zaliv plant in Kerch. And shares orders with him. It gives not only wages, but also specialists, helps to return workers. And the Kerch plant is now alive and developing. The situation is the same at the More plant, at the Sevastopol Marine Plant... And we are also considering the issue of restoring civilian passenger traffic from Sochi - Novorossiysk - Crimea and so on. We need a carrier operator who will calculate routes, calculate the economy and organize all this.

On sanctions and import substitution

- As you know, we received economic sanctions for Crimea. Did they hit the defense industry hard?

Any supply of foreign machine tools with modern digital programming can be used by foreign intelligence agencies to capture information about what is being done on these machines. And there were such cases, and not only in Russia. Therefore, even before the sanctions, it became clear that the brains should be on their own machines. Today, excellent machine tools are made in Kovrov, at the electromechanical plant. A number of domestic companies produce high-quality equipment. The level of the Russian machine tool industry began to rise sharply due to large orders from the defense industry.

- And what about import substitution?

First, we made a program for all products that came from Ukraine. Basically it was old Soviet technology. We replace them with high modernization. The second program was for NATO countries and the European Union, when they imposed sanctions. We assumed that they would hit the machine tool industry. It's good that they launched their own production in time starting from 2012. We made it. As with high-tech components - optics, radio electronics, microelectronics for space purposes ... We launched production at our enterprises, and the sanctions did not work.

About space and the lunar station

At the same time, we still have a large amount of cooperation in space. Why were counter-sanctions not introduced in this segment?

We all carefully considered, analyzed, there were different voices: let's not supply RD-180 engines. Before that, we supplied the NK-33 to the Americans. It began to be developed in the USSR back in the 70s. A stock has been accumulated for the lunar program of the Soviet Union - more than a hundred engines! Extremely efficient, super reliable... All this stock was kept for years at the Samara plant, somewhere behind the wall. And in the difficult 90s they remembered them - the Americans became interested. The proceeds from the sale of engines were used to pay workers and modernize production. They still continue to buy these engines. It also benefits us. We proceeded from pragmatism. Americans, too. Roscosmos has constant contact with NASA and ESA. We continued cooperation not only on the ISS, but also on the Martian program. Our equipment is generally working properly.

- How do you see the development of manned cosmonautics?

The country must save and set priorities rigidly. We have several of them in space. The first is military tasks. Ensuring the security of the country in space and from space. The second task is fundamental and research science. The third is the economic problem. Creation of stable communications for a large country, introduction of a system of remote sensing of the Earth, satellite navigation. Something that really either brings money or holds the country together. When it comes to science, you need to clearly calibrate what you need to know. I met, among other things, with Academician ZELENY, we argued with him in the presence of the leadership of ROSCOSMOS. He says: "We must fly to the moon." And I defiantly took the position of a skeptic: “Why?” He says: “We need to get regolith. It will give an understanding of the origin of the universe." But the regolith is also raining down on the Earth. Space dust settles. Meteorites are the same. It is clear that I asked him naive questions. I wanted him to convince me. But not yet convinced. A permanent scientific station on the Moon is an interesting task. We need a technological breakthrough, we need to create a super-heavy rocket, an orbital module in lunar orbit, a reusable descent vehicle. This is a serious task that we will solve not only because we need a lunar station, but because we need great technological capabilities in space.

- But there are no specific deadlines?

By 2030, we plan to solve this problem.

Arctic GOST and "nuclear battery"

From heaven to earth. The President appointed you to supervise the State Commission for the Development of the Arctic... What are the priorities here?

We talk a lot about the fact that our country is huge, we need to use its transit opportunities. First of all, this is the Northern Sea Route. It consists of two arms. The first is the western one, from Sabetta and further towards Europe. And the second - east, towards the Far East. If we talk about year-round use, then opening the western shoulder is not a problem. On the east, it happens that the ice exceeds a thickness of three meters. A super-icebreaker is being designed at the Krylov Research Center, which will lay a track with a width necessary for escorting gas carriers - 300,000 tons displacement. And he will break through up to 5 meters of ice.

- At the same time, our nuclear fleet is far from new.

Yes, its resource is running out. We need to focus on creating something new. We are now receiving three ships. The first one has already been launched at the Baltic Shipyard in St. Petersburg. The construction of a "nuclear battery" - a floating power unit - is also being completed there. He approaches the coastal infrastructure from the sea, throws two cables. One - power supply, the second - hot water. And we revive any northern city. In 2019, I hope, serial production of the Il-114 aircraft will begin instead of the An-24 and An-74. He will go on a ski chassis. These are all tools for entering the Arctic. And I also propose to introduce the Arctic GOST of quality for enterprises working in the interests of the North - be it clothing or a snowmobile. What has been tested in the Arctic zone will work everywhere. But the main issue now is different - the delivery of goods, goods. To do this, it is necessary to implement the Belkomur project, which is the delivery of goods from the Urals to Arkhangelsk. And then the ports are saturated with a large number of goods that are easy to transfer to Europe. Then it becomes profitable. And the second project is the Northern Latitudinal Passage, which brings a large cargo flow to the ports of the Arctic. Now these projects need to be implemented. There are not enough budget funds. We need to find a partner within the concession.

- China can connect?

Maybe. Because Chinese cargo can go through Russia, it's much cheaper than through Africa and Somali pirates. I have already presented this project to my colleague on the intergovernmental Russian-Chinese commission, Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China Comrade Wang Yang.

“I hope relations with Moldova will warm up”

There were times when they did not even want to let your plane into the airspace of Moldova. But you are the president's special envoy for Transnistria. After the recent elections in Chisinau and Tiraspol, is there any hope for some progress in resolving the Transnistrian problem?

Transnistria is in the hardest isolation. They are under all possible sanctions. Ukraine blocked the entire border. Constant provocations at the border. Moldova also intercepted Russian representatives in Chisinau, deployed journalists, our peacekeepers. It was decided to recruit employees for our institutions and structures from citizens of the Russian Federation who live in the territory of Pridnestrovie. Now the situation has been slightly unblocked with the new government of Filip and after the election of the new President of Moldova, DODONA. We are waiting for him in Moscow. I hope that relations with Moldova will warm up. Although they cannot warm up until the end, as long as Moldova remains within the association with the European Union. There are politicians in Moldova, such as the Russophobic minister SALARU, who continue to escalate the situation around Transnistria. I want to tell them: the path that runs through the civil war, in order to “hang out beautifully without visas” in Europe, is not idiotic, but criminal. It would be more correct and more patriotic for the Moldovan government to return to an economic union with Russia and other countries where there are traditional markets for the Moldovan product. Now there are no negotiations at all on the status of Transnistria.

Victor BARANETS, Alexander MILKUS, Vladimir SUNGORKIN, Alexander KOTS

MOSCOW, April 10 - RIA Novosti. Russia plans to permanently gain a foothold on the moon, said Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, who oversees the defense and rocket and space industries.

Earlier it was reported that one of the priority tasks for the development of astronautics in Russia is the exploration of the moon. Landing on it is planned in 2030 with the subsequent organization of a habitable base on the surface of the Earth satellite, where test sites for the accumulation and transmission of energy over a distance, for testing new engines, will gradually be placed. At the moment, in order to implement plans for a flight to the moon and its development, a project is being worked out for a super-heavy launch vehicle with a payload capacity of up to 80 tons.

"The moon is not an intermediate point in the distance, it is an independent and even self-sufficient goal. It is hardly advisable to make 10-20 flights to the moon, and then, leaving everything behind, fly to Mars or asteroids. This process has a beginning, but no end: we we are going to come to the moon forever,” Rogozin writes in an article to be published in Rossiyskaya Gazeta on Friday.

The deputy chairman of the government notes that the moon is the closest and so far the only source of extraterrestrial matter, minerals, minerals, volatile compounds, and water accessible to man. It is a natural platform for technological research and testing of new space technology.

Earlier, the Deputy Prime Minister stated that the most important tasks of the civil space policy of Russia are the formation of a market for space services and its saturation with the results of the activities of a constellation of space vehicles operating in near space, as well as the creation of a leading edge for the study, development and involvement in the use of possible resources of deep space.

How Russia explores the Moon

In the draft program for the study of the solar system until 2025, prepared by scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the study of the moon is called a priority. At the first stage, which should begin in 2015, the Earth satellite will be explored by the Luna-Resource and Luna-Glob probes. One of them will study the South Pole, where it is planned to land a Russian landing probe with an Indian mini-rover. At the second stage, after 2020, new lunar rovers, Lunokhod-3 and Lunokhod-4, will operate on the surface of the Moon. They will differ from the Soviet lunar rovers by being much smaller and, at the same time, having a greater resource. It is planned that the new lunar rovers will be able to operate in the polar regions of the Moon for up to five years and move away from the landing site at a distance of up to 30 kilometers. On national programs for the exploration of the moon