Complexes "POTRAM" for the processing of solid waste. Twelve waste processing complexes are being built in the suburbs around the clock ─ Yes, I'm not hinting, you can say I'm asking directly

Technology
international level

"ECOMASHGROUP" offers technological solutions for the creation of a waste processing plant based on modern environmentally friendly technologies used in developed countries of the world. For large projects implemented in Russia, it is possible to attract foreign co-financing.

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Waste recycling plant
for sustainable recycling
mixed municipal solid waste

The principle of operation of the waste processing plant is based on batch processing of MSW by thermo-chemical methods, with emissions that meet the stringent environmental requirements of the European Union. The recycling plant consists of modules that work independently of each other, which ensures high production flexibility and interchangeability.

The municipal solid waste processing capacity of each independent module is 50 tons per day or 18,000 tons per year. One basic module provides for the processing of solid waste with the production of 1.2 MW of electrical and up to 6 MW of thermal energy per hour. The generated energy is fully available for sale to third-party consumers. The cost of a waste processing plant depends on the equipment being designed.

The proposed equipment can process from 18,000 to 360,000 tons of MSW per year (365 working days), with a daily capacity of 50 to 1,000 tons per day. Depending on the composition of MSW and their moisture content, 1.2 - 24 MW of electrical energy and 6 - 120 MW of thermal energy can be produced per hour.

Gasification chamber

The chamber is designed to load 12.5 tons of MSW and other waste

The design of the gasification chamber allows you to load solid waste without sorting or preliminary preparation - in bulk, packed in bags, bales or pressed bags. Solid waste is loaded both through the front opening (large objects) and in bulk through the top of the chamber. After loading the chamber, the processing process is fully automatic and requires a minimum number of staff

The entire process requires minimal operator presence.

Depending on the type and condition of the loaded waste, it is possible to convert up to 95% of the volume of municipal solid waste into a gaseous state. This makes it possible to obtain small amounts of high quality ash. The ash obtained in the process does not have clinker inclusions and is almost 100% a product of combustion, it has a uniform, clean composition with a minimum content of harmful components. Depending on local standards, the ash can be used in road construction and the production of paving slabs, curbs.

Afterburner

Synthesis gas released during the processing of MSW goes to the second stage of the technology - afterburning, where the thermal destruction of harmful components occurs. Gases from one or more gasification chambers are fed into the secondary afterburner, where they are mixed with ambient air, which ensures a turbulent combustion process at high temperatures.

The process takes place at a temperature of 1200°C. The temperature is provided both by a powerful burner and (if possible) by injecting liquid combustible waste (motor oil, antifreeze, etc.) into the chamber. Hot gases are fed to the boiler and then, after cooling in the cooling tower (if necessary), they are discharged into the atmosphere.

Depending on the overall performance of the module, the capacity of the boiler is selected to maximize the use of the heat generated from the waste synthesis gases. The pressure and amount of steam produced depend on the total capacity of the SDW processing chambers and the technical requirements of the turbogenerator. The temperature of the steam supplied to the turbine reaches 400° C. Depending on the boiler manufacturer, more than 70% of the gas energy is converted into steam.

Turbogenerator

Required for supplying solid waste to the sorting line

To calculate the production of electrical energy, a figure is taken from 0.5 to 0.95 MW per 1 ton of MSW (depending on the composition of the waste). The processed steam at the outlet of the turbine has enough energy to heat water and use it for industrial needs (wood drying, cooling and air conditioning.) or supply greenhouses

• Gas cleaning

  Systems comply with the most stringent EU regulations

  The design of gasification and afterburning chambers allows the process to be carried out with a minimum release of harmful impurities. In many cases, plants operate without gas cleaning systems, even in areas of increased environmental sensitivity (Cayman Islands, Marshall Islands, etc.). However, if necessary, gas cleaning systems are installed with a gas output that meets the most stringent EU standards.

  All gas treatment plants are equipped with gas circulation towers with automatic temperature control, activated carbon injection systems to remove metals and organic elements, soda injection systems to control gas acidity, back-pulse mechanical filters, heat-insulated screw mechanisms for continuous ash removal, a continuous control unit and records of O2, CO, SO2, NOx content and temperature at various points in the flowsheet.

  The process is so environmentally friendly that plants can be located in industrial areas without adversely affecting neighboring businesses.

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  Layout
  equipment

  The modular design of the waste treatment plant reduces the initial capital cost and capital investment cycle as waste treatment plants can be built and run with incremental capacity.

  Modules are pre-assembled and tested at the factory, which reduces costs, guarantees quality, and speed of installation on site.

  Modules can be added or removed from the line as needed, reducing the risk of mis-forecasting the amount of waste going to the waste and the commercial success of the project as a whole.

  The modular principle of waste processing technology allows you to vary the processing capacity from 18 to 360 thousand tons of MSW per year.

  

  Technology Benefits

  More than 30 advantages of using ECOMASHGROUP technologies

  • 1. Proven technology with existing recycling plants operating successfully in Europe and worldwide.
  • 2. The technology is superior to waste incinerators from a technical and environmental point of view (cheaper, technically more advanced).
  • 3. Self-sustaining, exothermic reaction does not burn the waste, but first converts it into synthetic gas, which is then burned in a specially designed afterburner, which ensures the best environmental performance of the waste processing complex.
  • 4. Technically simpler than similar modern technologies for thermal processing of MSW. The cost of operation and maintenance of the waste processing complex is 50% lower than similar technologies.
  • 5. The technological process of the waste processing complex ensures the processing of almost all types of solid and semi-solid (as well as some liquid) waste, including medical and other hazardous waste.
  • 6. Pre-sorting of waste is not required, which saves the operating costs of the waste processing complex.
  • 7. Baled and compacted waste can be loaded without processing or packaging.
  • 8. Simple, reliable design of the waste processing complex with a very small number of moving parts.
  • The self-sustaining, exothermic reaction requires a minimum amount of auxiliary fuel.
  • 11. High energy conversion efficiency - 95% of waste energy is converted into synthesis gas energy.
  • 12. The technology destroys medical and some other hazardous waste in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • 13. The technology of the waste processing complex ensures a reduction in the volume of processed MSW up to 95%.
  • 14. The ash is non-toxic and fluffy, passes the EPA test, can be used as building material, aggregate for concrete and asphalt, pipe laying or drainage fill.
  • 15. Ensures the use of renewable alternative energy sources (waste) for the production of electricity, steam, heating, cooling and water treatment.
  • 16. Emissions to the atmosphere from a waste processing complex are less than from typical central power plants.
  • 17. The use of a waste treatment plant of this system, as an alternative to solid waste landfills, significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, which makes it possible to receive funds under the mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol.
  • 18. Recycling lines with modular and scalable components can provide optimal processing capacity to meet any need.
  • 19. Functionally independent lines and their modular components reduce the time of maintenance and repair of the waste processing complex.
  • 20. One or more functionally independent lines can be paired with a functionally independent power line to provide complete redundancy in power generation.
  • 21. The modules are pre-assembled and tested at the factory, which reduces costs, guarantees the quality, and speed of installation of the waste processing plant on site.
  • 22. Modules can be added or removed from the line as needed, which reduces the risk of incorrect forecasting of the amount of waste received for processing and the commercial success of the project as a whole.
  • 23. Modular design reduces initial capital cost and capital investment cycle as plants can be built and run with incremental capacity.
  • 24. The technology is compact - small footprint.
  • 25. The equipment is mounted on a concrete floor - no need for expensive buildings.
  • 26. Automation of the control process with the possibility of manual adjustment is provided by a modern interface of the operator's workplace.
  • 27. The digital control system can provide SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) data logging with remote control capability.
  • 28. Potential sources of income: payment for waste disposal; sale of secondary raw materials (with the option of pre-sorting); sale of electricity; sale of process heat and/or steam for industry; sale of low pressure steam for central heating;
  • 29. Technology gives the right to receive grants, subsidies and other preferences, taking into account the innovativeness of the use of alternative energy sources.
  • 30. The technology is provided by an experienced international team for ongoing support, improvement and management.
  • 31. The proposed equipment is successfully operated in the EU countries.

  foreign
  co-financing of the waste processing complex

  It is possible to finance a project for the construction of a waste processing plant with the involvement of funds from foreign financial institutions.

  To make a decision on project financing, including conditions, amount of financing, etc., the following confirmations/guarantees from the project initiators are required.

  Waste supply guarantees (minimum 15 years);

  Guarantees from electricity consumers for at least 15 years);

  Interest in the project and guarantees from local authorities.

Now the country is experiencing a rapid growth of megacities and cities, the number of inhabitants is increasing, and at the same time, waste per capita. It has been calculated how much the average citizen throws out garbage annually - up to 350 kg, while the share of municipal solid waste (MSW) is about 40%. This is the garbage that does not decompose, but accumulates over the years in landfills.

Mountains of household waste are growing, polluting the environment, reducing the area for agricultural needs. In addition, fires and collapses often occur at landfills, the number of rats and stray dogs is growing. All this suggests that in our country there is a catastrophic lack of waste processing enterprises.

Many entrepreneurs do not even suspect that this business is quite profitable, and many useful products can be produced from recycled materials, for example:

In addition, there is quite a lot of scrap metal in landfills, not only steel, but also non-ferrous metals.

When organizing a waste processing business, you can receive state support in the form of a one-time cash grant, an interest-free loan for the purchase of equipment, or a tax grace period.

Main methods of MSW processing

The most common methods of MSW disposal are as follows:

• landfill disposal;
• natural decomposition;
• thermal processing.

Today in Russia the first two methods prevail. Food waste is processed into compost, and non-degradable waste is taken to landfills.

All over the world there is a trend towards the maximum processing of all waste, this is what encourages manufacturers of machinery and equipment to create specialized mini-factories that have many advantages over landfills:

TV program “Business from scratch

Equipment Options

The complete set of mini-factories for sorting and recycling of waste depends on the type of raw material:

• household waste;
• construction waste;
• tires and tires.

The most functional is the equipment for MSW processing.

Waste incineration mini-plant MPZ-5000 from Sifania (Russia) can process up to 5000 tons of garbage per year. One such complex can serve a city area with a population of 25,000 people. Its main purpose:

• sorting of MSW;
• crushing plastic bottles;
• waste paper packaging;
• there is a pyrolysis plant for burning non-decomposable raw materials.

How much does this option cost? In the basic configuration - 10,000,000 rubles

There are more productive options that can process up to 10 tons per hour. At the same time, the sorting station is able to separate 16 types of waste from the total amount of solid waste. Up to 40 people will work at such a plant. For example, a processing complex from JSSORT. It will require a site 80 m long and 40 m wide to accommodate it, while it will take up to 15 garbage trucks for an eight-hour shift.

How much does such a complex cost? The total cost of the equipment, together with the construction of the workshop, will cost 30 million rubles.

The rubber and tire crumbling plant is also a fairly profitable business. The final product - granular rubber powder is widely used in the production of:

• asphalt;
• anti-corrosion mastics;
• soundproof materials;
• road speed limiters;
• construction industry products.

The capacity of such a plant is up to 3 tons per hour.

How much does this mini tire recycling plant cost? The price of imported equipment is 25,500,000 rubles.

The composition of the mini-factory and the main technological stages

Processing plants have similar components, differing only in capacity and degree of automation. The processing conveyor includes the following modules:

To separate scrap metal, you can equip the receiving shop with a magnet - this will greatly facilitate the sorting process.

The work of the mini-factory is carried out as follows:

The packaged secondary raw materials are ready for sale or further processing, if the business plan of the plant provides for this. It is possible to complete the line with equipment for granulating PET raw materials or a workshop for the production of toilet paper.

Business plan for organizing a waste processing enterprise

Any business provides for a financial plan, which will calculate the main capital investments, production costs, profits.

The business plan of a mini-plant for the processing of solid waste, with a capacity of up to 10 tons of processed raw materials per hour, contains the following financial indicators:

The business plan includes the calculation of the sales turnover of secondary raw materials:

The preliminary plan drawn up shows quite good results. If at the same time you organize your own production of products from recycled materials, you can get double profit.

Video: Waste processing plant

- Yours, Andrey Yuryevich, the press service decided to help me prepare for the interview by sending a file with the title "Achievements of the Moscow Region in Five Years". I read it and even wrote something. For example, "the queue for kindergartens has been eliminated, 99 schools have been built, two cancer centers, two maternity hospitals, five large centers for motherhood and childhood have been opened, 13,000 kilometers of roads have been repaired, the problems of 21,000 equity holders have been resolved, 17,000 people have moved from emergency housing..."

- You named a small part of what has been done, but I think the main achievement is that we managed to create a workable team that ensures positive changes in each of the cities and towns of the region ─ Bronnitsy and Mytishchi, Khimki and Serebryanye Prudy. People often say about the Moscow region: a small country. Maybe not so small, if taken by European standards. Seven and a half million people live in the region, another 95 thousand newborns and 90 thousand visitors from other regions are added annually. According to the latter indicator, we are the leaders in Russia. Even Moscow has a slightly lower figure.

Our team is working to ensure that people live comfortably. To do this, you have to solve different problems. Somewhere these are perinatal centers, as in Naro-Fominsk, Kolomna, Schelkovo and Ramenskoye, and somewhere, excuse me, ordinary footpaths. I recently met with the residents of Korolev, and the man in the wheelchair thanked them for getting to the store without any problems. He may not have heard of the Accessible Environment program, but he is enjoying its benefits. That's the way it should be.

Achievements ─ not only large-scale projects, we strive to make every person feel a change for the better. We actively use feedback, it allows us to understand what exactly people expect from us. This is Dobrodel, and personal mail, and a monthly live television broadcast, in which not only I go alone, but also the heads of districts and cities. Such communication, regular communication with residents helps to keep abreast.

But life is complicated...

You said that you managed to eliminate the queue for kindergartens. This is not entirely true. Yes, we have built 386 pre-school institutions, but in a number of cities queues have begun to accumulate again. Housing is being introduced at a rapid pace, contractors are in a hurry to hand over new microdistricts and get money faster, and social infrastructure sometimes lags behind. This means that we will again have to row with both blades.

It's not just about kindergartens. About 200 schools are to be built in the Moscow region in the next four years. This is a national record!

The region is growing, developing, we must have time to respond to the challenges that life offers. And for this, I repeat, we need a team. Effective team.

─ You are right, life is difficult. What some consider achievements, others perceive as the norm, and still others generally prefer to notice only shortcomings in the actions of the authorities.

─ For example?

─ What do you think the suburbs smell like?

─ I think, first of all, nature. Forest, field, river. The vast majority of settlements in the region are environmentally friendly. I was born and raised in Krasnoyarsk, Kemerovo, Novokuznetsk, Nizhny Tagil, Achinsk are not so far away, where there are many metallurgical plants. There, people do not need to talk about real environmental problems. The Moscow region is considered prosperous, there are no harmful industries that are concentrated in the Urals and Siberia. There are two cement plants in our region, and both meet all environmental standards.

If you're referring to garbage dumps...

─ I'm not hinting, I can say that I'm asking directly.

- I answer.

Each generation has its own challenges. All rich, successfully developing countries have gone through the problem of solid domestic waste disposal. And America, and Europe, and Japan with South Korea. But they took care of this there a long time ago, a few decades ago, they solved the issue comprehensively and consistently, but we did not deal with the problem for a long time, tritely dumping garbage into huge artificial mountains.

We are the first in the country to introduce a new environmental standard, while simultaneously closing landfills .

─ That's understandable. And more specifically?

─ We are the first in the country to introduce a new environmental standard, simultaneously closing landfills. They are beautifully called polygons, but in fact they are banal heaps of garbage, a little sprinkled with earth. Do you know how they are created? Unsorted waste falls out of dump trucks, which are sprinkled with a twenty-centimeter layer of soil. Naturally, a violent chemical reaction of the buried, let's say, ingredients begins, after which the ugly smelly landfill gas poisons the life of everyone in the district for a long time.

To date, no one in our country, alas, has the technology of degassing. Only foreign companies can do this, whose services we turned to a couple of years ago. We found them ourselves, invited them to cooperate and are already actively using the experience.

We are talking about Dutch and Austrian companies specializing in waste processing. The technology used is partly German.

─ How many landfills are there in the area?

- Thirty-nine. Twenty-four are closed, the rest will be gone by 2021. Maybe even earlier. The faster the better. But we will definitely eliminate everything.

─ Closing is not the same as solving the problem. Firstly, all this muck will not stop rotting and stinking, and secondly, you need to put the new garbage somewhere.

- That is why we do not close all landfills at the same time. If they didn't think about the consequences, barriers would be lowered everywhere. As the saying goes, to break is not to build. But we are on our own land, decisions must be balanced and thoughtful.

First, you need to make sure that the twelve KPO waste processing complexes that are currently being built around the clock, by the way, will cope with the incoming volume when they work at full capacity. The matter is that we accept a lot of garbage from Moscow. This is logical, since in a huge metropolis there is nowhere to store such an amount of waste. But it doesn't make it any easier for us, you see. More than seven million tons of garbage come from the capital every year. Plus the area adds four million of its own. This is about two and a half thousand large trucks per day.

In September, the first three KPOs should start working. Let's look at their effectiveness.

Twelve waste processing complexes are currently being built around the clock.

What is the question? Now 95 percent of incoming household waste is sent to landfills. An example for clarity: in Germany, on average, there are 625 kilograms of garbage per inhabitant per year, of which only a kilogram ends up in landfills. One! There is a difference?

Waste recycling at KPO will allow us to reduce the figure by almost half, to fifty percent.

─ Where will the rest go?

─ Garbage will be sorted, selected and recycled. Part ─ these are four useful fractions that are well known: paper, metal, glass and plastic. Another thirty percent — organic matter, it will be sent to special landfills adjacent to KPO to be turned into humus, the so-called gray compost. I repeat, the Moscow region will be the first region in Russia with a new environmental standard and a functioning technological waste disposal system.

- But are you still going to take half of the garbage to the same landfills?

- There is no other way out until we build four waste incinerators in the region. After that, only twenty percent will go to burial, the rest will burn in the furnace.

- Where do you plan to open factories?

─ Near Voskresensk, Naro-Fominsk, in Noginsk (Bogorodsky urban district - TASS note) and Solnechnogorsk districts. The project of the Japanese corporation Hitachi Zosen Inova and our "Rostec". Each plant is designed to process 700,000 tons of waste. By the way, Japan now has 1,200 incinerators. Capitals ─ one thousand two hundred!

─ And when will the four near Moscow enter the battle?

- By early 2022.

─ How did the people in Voskresensk and Naro-Fominsk perceive the prospect of such a neighborhood?

- It's hard. We listened to many lecturers from abroad, specially invited Germans, Japanese, Austrians here. They spoke with one voice: at all times and everywhere, the reaction of people was approximately the same. But there is simply no alternative. And the ability to stretch the pleasure for decades ─ too, everything needs to be done in the shortest possible time.

Separate waste collection in the civilized world has long become the norm, but in Russia it is still a curiosity. Do you know how to separate waste?

- This is a rhetorical question. Answer: no.

─ That's what we're talking about! Anatoly Torkunov, rector of MGIMO, told me how he came to America as a young diplomat. Settled in a rented apartment. On the very first evening, the manager of the house came to him with the words: "Let's go to the basement, I'll show you how to properly sort the garbage." Anatoly Vasilyevich thought for the first second: a hoax. It turned out not. We went downstairs, the woman began to explain how and what to do, in which containers to lay out. Anatoly Torkunov, head of the public chamber of the Moscow region, admitted that he still retained the habit of separate waste collection, but, unfortunately, in our country the skill is not yet needed. True, from January 1, 2019, this becomes a mandatory requirement in Russia as well, as recently announced by the Minister of Natural Resources Dmitry Kobylkin.

Returning to your question about what the Moscow region smells like... Yes, there were unpleasant moments, but please pay attention, private landfills became the cause of the problems. "Yadrovo" in Volokolamsk and "Kuchino" in Balashikha are not state, not municipal.

- The last training ground was closed after the Direct Line with President Putin. Did it create additional problems for you?

— Of course, it added color to our lives, as it was one of the largest landfills in the area. The paradox is this: private operators were earning quite a lot of money by taking household waste every day, and bumps fell on the executive branch, which is responsible for everything that happens in the region. Those who did not comply with the technological requirements brought the situation to a critical point, remained on the sidelines, as it were, and we are clearing the rubble.

Hear me: we closed the landfills, but in stages. Yes, there was a certain surge, aggravation, this forced us to force things a little

It took some time to start recultivating both landfills in accordance with modern environmental standards. Hard work! It is clear that the residents experienced certain troubles and inconveniences, for which we immediately apologized.

Something similar, perhaps on a smaller scale, has happened before. — in the Necklace, Elektrostal. There was a Tsarevo landfill in the Pushkinsky district, it was stopped on October 1, 2017, now it is waiting for degassing and reclamation. This applies to all landfills closed by us.

I immediately realized that the problem was ripe, it had to be closely dealt with. Therefore, my first appeal to President Putin dealt with the topic of household waste disposal. We met at the beginning of 2013, and I reported that landfills should be finished. Vladimir Vladimirovich supported me, but warned: "Be careful, the direction is difficult and very sensitive."

- As a result, we waited until the people came to the square.

─ Hear me: we closed the landfills, but in stages. Yes, there was a surge, an aggravation, which forced us to speed things up a little, but the course remained the same, we will follow it to the end, the problem will be solved, there is no doubt about it.

In Serebryanye Prudy near Moscow, the first waste sorting complex began to operate in test mode. In less than a month, a second one will open - in Zaraysk, then a third one - in Roshal. There will be 11 of them in total, the rest will appear in the Sergiev Posad and Volokolamsk districts, the Bogorodsk urban district, Kolomna, Kashira, Klin, Mozhaisk and Dmitrov. After all the complexes start working, the amount of garbage entering the landfills will be reduced by half, Andrey Vorobyov, the governor of the Moscow region, told RG.

hate for trash

What is wrong with the landfills near Moscow, in addition to the fact that every year they receive 11 million tons of garbage more? They stink! Residents of Balashikha, Lyubertsy, Klin, Chekhov and any other city where there is a landfill for municipal solid waste are forced to live with their windows closed so as not to smell the stench from landfills.

It goes because the garbage in the region has been disposed of for centuries according to the cheapest scheme: it is taken to a landfill and sprinkled with sand. And then organic matter - food waste begins to rot, ferment, emit infiltration and landfill gas, it is these substances that give landfills their unique aroma. "There was no degassing - there was no gas removal system at the landfills, because these are additional costs that no one wanted to bear," says Andrey Vorobyov. And it has always been like this, just before the landfills were located on wastelands, from where the wind did not carry their aromas to housing, and now the area has grown and housing has crept close to the wastelands. Well, the garbage, of course, has become many times more.

“When you have to breathe in a landfill every day, when children start to get sick, hatred for garbage involuntarily arises. And then people go to rallies, demanding that the landfills be closed,” the governor says. Today, out of 39 landfills near Moscow, 24 have been closed, and degassing has already begun at some. But residents of the Moscow region continue to produce garbage in the same volumes. And we still need somewhere to unload 2,500 garbage trucks every day. The remaining 15 polygons will not be operated for a long time, otherwise their height will soon begin to compete with the Ostankino TV tower. Therefore, the authorities took a different decision.

The dividing line

"There are no such waste processing complexes that we are opening anywhere else in the country," Andrey Vorobyov confidently says. All of them are equipped with conveyor lines with smart German-made electronics capable of separating smelly organics from the rest of the garbage. Food waste in the total volume of garbage - up to 40%. All this volume will go directly from the conveyor to closed compost sites, which are mandatory attached to each KPO. There, organic waste will “mature” for several months, then it will undergo bacterial steam treatment and after that it will turn into odorless compost, which can be used, for example, for filling roads or reclaiming landfills.

Another 40% of the content of garbage trucks is planned for recycling. Plastic, for example, is suitable for building insulation, mattress filler, and even for ecological fur, which animal advocates prefer to wear in winter. Paper will once again become the new packaging or hygiene product, metal will be welcomed by car assembly plants, and rubber, synthetics, leather and wood will make excellent RDF fuel used in cement plant kilns.

And there remains 20% of "tails" - waste that cannot be recycled. These, for example, include paper that has already been recycled several times, or hygiene products - the same children's diapers. "Tails" will be pressed into pallets, burned or buried - after all, the region is not going to completely refuse landfills. Only these landfills will be built anew and with the application of modern environmental standards. Each of them will be equipped with a drainage system to remove gases and liquids, and a geotextile barrier will be placed at the bottom so as not to pollute the soil. And for the incineration of "tails" by 2023, four waste heat treatment plants will be built in Voskresensky and Solnechnogorsk districts, Bogorodsky and Naro-Fominsk urban districts. Factories are also not simple - high-tech. The incineration of garbage will generate electricity, and the slag and fly ash that the incinerated waste will turn into can also be used in road construction.

Burn with blue flames?

Environmental activists are now breaking their spears around these plants. “People don’t want to live next to a plant where garbage is burned, and they can be understood. Both the USA, Japan, and Germany - all countries where there is a modern garbage disposal industry, went through the same discontent of the inhabitants, only much earlier - in 60 "70s," Andrey Vorobyov recalls, "But I say with all responsibility that we are building the entire waste processing infrastructure using modern technologies. The plants will be Japanese, and in Japan, where, by the way, there are 1200 such plants, the average life expectancy is over 80 years old.

The governor knows what he's talking about: he led a delegation from the Moscow region that went to Tokyo to get acquainted with the work of their waste incineration plant. The first thing that the guests from the Moscow region paid attention to was the proximity to the plant of housing and social facilities. At the enterprise, where 600 tons of garbage are burned per day, 400 full trucks drive in every day, while the cleaning system is such that even the smoke from the pipes is not visible. And nearby are a school, a golf club, and a residential area. The plant meets all standards, 2.4 thousand filters are installed here, ensuring the absolute purity of production. And there are more than two dozen such factories in Tokyo alone.

Once every six months, the management of all Japanese incinerators meets with local residents. They are shown all the data from sensors that control emissions, they are told about what measures are being taken at the plants so that the impact on the environment is minimal. Each plant has its own emission standards and they are several times stricter than state requirements - this encourages owners to introduce all environmental innovations at the enterprise in a timely manner.

In Japan, in general, they are very strict about the topic of garbage. For example, illegal dumping of garbage is considered a criminal offense and is punishable by imprisonment for up to five years and a fine, the amount of which in the Russian equivalent is 5 million rubles. Largely due to this, the country did not drown in its own waste.

It is already known that all four plants near Moscow will be able to process 2.8 million tons of garbage per year. And at the same time, only 0.6 grams of dioxin will be released into the atmosphere. For comparison, one landfill fire releases 100 grams of dioxin in two weeks.

The RT-Invest company, which is an investor in the construction of factories and has already begun work in the Voskresensky district of the Moscow region, assured RG that they would keep in touch with the residents of the region at all stages of the project. "People's concern is understandable and is caused by insufficient and sometimes unreliable information about modern waste processing," the investor company's press service said.

Collect and enjoy

The ratio of recyclable, compostable and incinerated waste 40/40/20 is ideal. For its implementation, it is necessary to establish a separate collection of waste. And although the region has recently made a big leap in this direction and next year intends to completely change the general collection of garbage to separate, it is unlikely that it will be possible to immediately reach 40% of the processing of inorganic waste. Practice has already shown: in houses with garbage chutes, separate collection is difficult - there is always a temptation to throw garbage into the garbage chute in one bag, and not carry two different to separate bins in the yard. However, even if what can be recycled continues to go to landfills at first, it will at least not add a stench to landfills - pallets coming out from under the presses of new waste processing complexes do not have a smell, since they no organics.

Infographics "RG": Alexander Chistov/Irina Rybnikova

By the way

One of the regional operators, which from next year will accumulate all stages of waste collection and recycling in the Moscow region, has already promised to release a smartphone program with which residents could control how their neighbors comply with the generally accepted rules for separate waste collection. Dissenters plan to punish the ruble.

Waste recycling plant: 3 advantages of mini plants + choice of raw materials for processing + calculation of investments and payback.

Capital investment: from $55,000
Payback period: from 1.5-2 years

Waste money sounds intriguing already.

And that business idea becomes even more attractive if you understand it in more detail.

First, at the moment there is practically no competition in the industry.

Secondly, raw materials are literally lying around underfoot (that's what, and there is never a shortage of garbage).

And the control argument: waste recycling plant undoubtedly brings great social benefits.

What does this mean for an entrepreneur? A guarantee of benefits and support from the municipal authorities.

Analysis of the relevance of this business idea

Anyone who has been interested in business for more than a day knows that benefit to society alone is not enough to make a project successful and profitable.

The problem of waste disposal in Russia confirms this once again.

The topic is constantly discussed both at the state level and in society as a whole.

However, more than 90% of garbage is still disposed of in the most harmful, but cheap way - with the help of landfill.

Mini recycling plants have significant advantages over this method:

• can be located near waste accumulations, reducing logistics costs;
• Requires a small staff
• equipment of this type is easier to upgrade, change, maintain.

Separately, it is worth dwelling on the fact that such enterprises do not destroy garbage, but RECYCLE.

That is, they allow you to get something useful from waste.

It is in this principle that the source of profit for entrepreneurs lies.

Thanks to the processing plant, you can get:

• different types of metal;
• paper of various categories;
• polymeric materials;
• glass;
• raw materials for the chemical industry;
• Also, do not forget that the recycling process generates electricity and heat energy.

How to register a waste processing plant?

Although garbage recycling- a business that has many advantages in the eyes of government agencies, the collection of documents will still take some time.

To make this process clearer to the reader, we divide it into stages:

So, the preparation of documents was successful.

How to organize further work?

Mini waste recycling plant: what is needed for work?

The work process consists of several key stages:

1. Sorting raw materials into different categories. Metal, plastic and glass are removed from the total mass already at this step.
2. The remaining waste is sent to the gasifier.
3. The resulting chemical compounds are purified from impurities (chlorine, fluorine, sulfur).
4. Purified synthesis gas is burned. As a result, energy is generated.
5. Processed products are sent to consumer enterprises.

Let us consider in more detail: what material base is necessary for the functioning of the enterprise.

Selecting the type of waste for recycling

In order to open a plant that will process all types of waste, an incredibly large investment will be required - from $ 20,000,000.

Such enterprises can be moved between different points, which will reduce logistics costs.

In addition, the initial investment is much less - from $ 50,000.

However, such industries can specialize in only one direction.

As a rule, we are talking about the processing of plastic or paper.

These two options are the easiest to implement, and the processed products will be in demand.

How is plastic recycled?

What is made from recycled paper?

Minimum set of equipment

The mini waste recycling plant is a conveyor production line.

It is worth clarifying that for each type of raw material, its own type of equipment is selected.

The minimum set of components for a mini plant is the same:

• raw material sorting line;
• magnet for metal;
• device for grinding / crushing;
• press;
• storage compartment for material.

To accommodate the entire production line for the processing of one type of raw material, a room with an area of ​​at least 300 m 2 is required.

As a rule, novice entrepreneurs prefer Chinese-made automation because of the more affordable price.

Although it, of course, is significantly inferior in quality to European counterparts.

Businessmen should take a closer look at domestic manufacturers: there is plenty to choose from, and prices do not “bite”.

Another plus is that “your own” is still easier to maintain and repair in case of a breakdown.

Another “component” required for the operation of a mini recycling plant is a car.

It is required only when raw materials need to be transported from the collection point.

If you have located the processing line near the landfill, you can do without it.

In any case, the cost item for equipment will be the largest.

Even for a Chinese-made line, you will have to pay from $ 35,000.

Staff for work at a waste processing plant

To operate a mini-factory, a small staff of employees is required:

As a rule, such a state is quite enough.

It is worth noting that in the case of purchasing imported equipment, it is also worth hiring a fitter for equipment.

This will save you from long downtime in the event of a breakdown.

Waste recycling plant: cost of project implementation

As you already understood, when opening a waste processing plant, it is impossible to get a cost of less than $50,000.

What will be included in the list of costs, except for expensive equipment?

Capital investment in the plant

Monthly expenses for the operation of a waste processing plant

We must not forget that in addition to starting investments, the entrepreneur must have funds for monthly investment in the work of the plant.

What profit will the mini waste recycling plant bring?

To calculate the potential profit, we need a specific example.

Let's focus on PET packaging, because. the material that remains after processing is especially in demand at the moment.

Who will be the main consumer of raw materials that such a mini plant will produce?

• manufacturers of various containers;
• factories for the production of overalls;
• manufacturers of disposable tableware and others.

At the moment, for 1 ton of processed raw materials they pay from $ 800.

But the production of such a volume by a mini-factory will cost the entrepreneur about $ 100.

Taking into account these figures and the average productivity of waste processing enterprises, the potential profit will be about $ 8,000 per month.

With such indicators, the payback period will be from 1.5-2 years.

The video tells about

How is the process of waste disposal at a waste processing plant:

Will the processing plant be profitable?

If you came to this article not by chance, and have already read several articles on the topic of the waste recycling business, you might have noticed that most of the materials are written in carbon copy.

The main thesis is “garbage lies under your feet, but it can make you rich”.

Allegedly, the sphere is promising, investments are needed minimal, and you will also do a good job. But if everything is so simple and profitable, why is Russia still storing waste in landfills?

The fact is that the profitability in this area hardly exceeds 30%.

Given the particularly large amount of investment required to equip a full-fledged plant (for example, a waste incineration plant in Kazan will cost 20 billion rubles), such a business idea is not particularly attractive to investors.

It turns out that such a business would be ideal only for those who have their own large capital and want to invest it in a socially useful business.

In addition, who knows, perhaps this area will really begin to develop by leaps and bounds and, with the support of the state, will begin to bring significant profits.

From the foregoing, it can be concluded that even mini waste recycling plant requires significant capital investment.

Looking back at the experience of Europe, it can be noted that the sphere should be developed by business giants, investors with great financial potential.

But when the direction receives a powerful impetus from their side, there will probably be prospects for small / medium-sized businesses.

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