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All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion. What happened during the night. Top RBC news Court between "the new times" and VCIOM

Description

general information

The oldest sociological company in the post-Soviet space (established in 2009 by a decree of the Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR as the All-Union Center for the Study of Public Opinion, with - All-Russian - For more information about the history of the creation and development of the company, see the section "History of VTsIOM"). In Russia and abroad, VTsIOM conducts marketing, social and political research of the full cycle - from the development of a concept and tools to the preparation of analytical reports and presentation of results.

VCIOM has the status of a scientific institution, publishes its own scientific journal (""), manages the work of its own department at the Higher School of Economics and the research center at the RSSU, and also regularly holds meetings of its own scientific and expert council, which includes leading sociologists of the country. (For more information about the scientific potential of the center, see the section "Scientific and teaching activities" below).

Team

More than 70 specialists in the field of sociology, marketing, political science, finance, psychology and statistics work in the company's Moscow office. The Center is headed by Valery Fedorov. Among the company's employees are doctors and candidates of sciences, graduates of leading Russian and foreign universities (Moscow and St. Petersburg State Universities, Vienna and Moscow Diplomatic Academies, Higher School of Economics, etc.). (For more information about the scientific potential of VTsIOM employees, see the section "Scientific and teaching activities of VTsIOM"). VTsIOM branches operate in all 7 federal districts of the country. The network of interviewers has about 5,000 people.

Research directions

VTsIOM conducts research both at the regional and federal levels, as well as in the post-Soviet space (together with colleagues from other countries of the former USSR - members of the Eurasian Monitor agency, one of the founders of which is VTsIOM) and in far-abroad countries. Among the main activities of the company:

(For more details, see the section: “VTsIOM Research” and in the note: “Clients and Partners of VTsIOM”)

Methodology

The work uses a wide range of research techniques (personal interviews, focus groups, mystery shopping, hall tests, exit polls, expert surveys, telephone interviews, etc.). Information processing methods include both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, special sampling programs, etc. Population surveys are conducted weekly based on an all-Russian representative sample (1,600 people in 140 settlements in 42 regions of Russia).

VTsIOM Research

At the regional and federal levels, in the post-Soviet space and in the "far abroad" countries, VTsIOM conducts research in 3 main areas:

  • politics (electoral research, monitoring of satisfaction with the authorities),
  • social sphere (education, medicine, family, housing and communal services, fight against corruption),
  • business (finance and insurance, real estate market, development of product and corporate brands, development of corporate reputation, trademark expertise, information technology market, media measurements, sports industry, automotive market), etc.

VTsIOM regularly acts as a coordinator and executor of international research projects for foreign and Russian customers - both in Russia and abroad (among which, in particular: UNDP, US State Department, NATO, etc. More - in the note: "Clients and partners of VTsIOM"). Thus, since 2004 (as before the collapse of the USSR), the Center has been actively involved in building a system of regular sociological research in the post-Soviet space (as part of the activities of the Eurasian Monitor agency, one of the founders of which is VCIOM - along with the sociological services of other former republics of the Soviet Union). Union).

Some VTsIOM projects over the past 5 years

  • Exit polls (exit polls) in the parliamentary and presidential elections of the Russian Federation.(customer - OJSC "First Channel") 2007 - 2008.
  • (JSC "NK" Rosneft") 2007
  • Evaluation of the image of the company-employer.(JSC "Severstal") 2008
  • Evaluation of the image of the company-employer.(LLC "RUSAL-Management Company") 2007
  • A study of the well-known trademark.(Heineken Commercial Service LLC) 2007
  • Social adaptation of people with HIV+ status: assessment of the situation in healthcare, education and employment.(United Nations Development Programme) 2007
  • The study of interethnic relations based on the results of all-Russian polls.(Institute of Diaspora and Integration) 2007
  • Studying the conditions of the business environment, assessing the interaction between business and government (according to entrepreneurs).(RSPP) 2007-2008
  • Study of the level of trust in the media among Russians.
  • The attitude of the population of Russia to the judiciary.(Apparatus of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation) 2007
  • Sociological research on unfair competition.(Federal Antimonopoly Service) 2007
  • Factors and prospects for the development of football in Russia(National Football Academy Foundation) 2006
  • Assessment of the attractiveness of housing infrastructure facilities of the Bolshoe Domodedovo investment project("Coalco") 2006-2007
  • Study of the perception of NATO by Russians.(NATO) 2006
  • Analysis and assessment of the situation of perception by the population of the phenomenon of corruption in the public sector of the Russian Federation.(United Nations Development Program and Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation) 2006
  • Investment behavior of the population and awareness of the deposit insurance system.(Deposit Insurance Agency) 2005-2006
  • A study of the perception of large pharmaceutical brands in Russia and Eastern Europe.(Stanton Beringer consulting) Annually since 2005
  • Conditions for the functioning of small business in the regions of Russia.(OPORA Russia) 2004-2006
  • Evaluation of the reputation indicators of JSC Aeroflot(Aeroflot - Russian Airlines) Annually since 2005
  • Syndicated study of the corporate reputation of 10 largest Russian companies. Twice per year since 2004.
  • Monitoring of the main indicators of the social moods of the inhabitants of the countries of the post-Soviet space. Participants: leading sociological services from 14 post-Soviet countries. Twice a year, since 2003 - within the framework of the Eurasian Monitor project

Scientific and teaching activities

VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution. In addition, the Center has a scientific and expert council, which includes well-known Russian sociologists, political scientists, philosophers and historians. Since 1993, VTsIOM has been publishing its own scientific journal "Monitoring of public opinion: economic and social changes". The journal is published 6 times a year and has been in the public domain since 2009 (both archive and latest issues). The editorial board of Monitoring includes leading national sociologists (employees of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, RSSU, Higher School of Economics, GfK-Rus, etc.).

At the sociological faculty of the Higher School of Economics, there has been (since 2008) the department of VTsIOM, and at the RSSU - the research center of VTsIOM (since 2008).

VTsIOM holds competitions of scientific works among young scientists - sociologists. It pays scholarships to the most talented sociology students.

The Center regularly creates and publishes author's and collective monographs on the state of public opinion in Russia. Among the latter: "From Yeltsin to Putin: Three Epochs in the Historical Consciousness of Russians" (2007), "Political Russia: Election Guide 2007", "Political Dictionary of Our Time" (2006), "Russia at the Crossroads of the Second Term" (2005) . (For more details, see the link: "VTsIOM Library - some books published by the company's team in recent years").

The VTsIOM team maintains an archive in which public opinion research has been presented since 1992. Thus, the VTsIOM Archivarius database contains the results of Express public opinion polls from 1992 to the present, and the extended thematic archive has in-depth search functions in the Centre's archive.

VTsIOM employees regularly make presentations at Russian and foreign scientific conferences and round tables.

Story

Birth. The first public opinion research institute in Russia. 1987

The decision to create VTsIOM (then "All-Union") was adopted at the July 1987 meeting of the Central Committee of the CPSU. The founders were the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR. The first head of the center was Tatyana Zaslavskaya, an academician. Her deputy is Boris Grushin. According to Zaslavskaya, the model for creating the center for her was the Institute of Demoscopy in Germany, headed by E. Noel-Neumann. In - years, thanks to the organizational efforts of Grushin, a network of sociological centers was deployed in the republics of the USSR and regions of Russia. This made it possible in November 1988 to conduct the first mass surveys on representative samples of the adult population of the country, and a year later the surveys were conducted on a systematic basis. In August 1989, Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion, Voice of the People,.

"The first of the new." 1992-2003

Appearing at the dawn of perestroika, VTsIOM, according to Alexei Levinson:

"played the role of a mother swarm, from which the emerging families, new agencies for the study of public opinion and the market, separated."

Conflict. 2003

From the very beginning, VTsIOM has been a state-owned sociological company. So, in 1987 the founders of the Center were the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, then (in 1998) the Center was re-registered as a federal state unitary enterprise (FSUE), and in August, by the decision of the Ministry of Property Relations, the FSUE VTsIOM was transformed into the All-Russian Center for Public Opinion Research ". As before, the state remained 100% owner of the organization. The board of directors of the company, consisting of representatives of the shareholder - the state, decided to replace the head of the Center (Yury Levada), who headed the company in 1992-2003. A young political scientist, Valery Fedorov, was appointed in his place. Claims against Levada, according to the new leader, were: "stagnation in the scientific field" and the fact that under him were "undeservedly forgotten" studies of "the social situation in the country, the problems of poverty, unemployment, employment, the labor market, emigration." One of the main tasks of Valery Fedorov as director, in his own words, was the preservation of the VTsIOM research team:

“He [Levada] wants to present his own dismissal as the destruction of the leading sociological center of Russia. I assure you that such destruction will not happen. Unfortunately, Yuri Alexandrovich is trying to present his dismissal as a mass exodus from VTsIOM. Of course, we won't allow that.".

VTsIOM today. 2003-2009

VTsIOM continued the research programs developed by the former team and retained the right to publish the journal Public Opinion Monitoring: Economic and Social Changes (since 2003, the former editorial team continued to work in the newly created journal Public Opinion Bulletin).

The priority area of ​​VTsIOM's research today is the political mood of the population, attitudes towards authorities at all levels, their decisions, initiatives and programs. In addition to the authorities, VTsIOM continues to conduct research commissioned by the largest Russian commercial companies and public associations. New areas of research have also appeared, in particular, the company began to pay more attention to the social situation in the country, as well as marketing and international research.

Thus, since 2003, VTsIOM has been conducting weekly constructions of social well-being indices. The empirical basis for calculating the indices underlying the time series is the data of weekly Express Polls conducted by VTsIOM on a representative all-Russian sample (taking into account quotas by sex, age, education and territorial division of the State Statistics Committee) in 42 regions, territories and republics of Russia in 140 settlements (number of respondents 1600 people).

Since 2003, research in the post-Soviet space has also become more important. In 2003, the company became one of the founders of the research agency "Eurasian Monitor" and by 2009 conducts regular surveys of the population in 14 states of the former USSR (in cooperation with colleagues - leading sociological companies in these states.

New regular projects have appeared: The state of the business climate in Russia, the Freedom of Speech Index, the Assessment of Higher Professional Education in Russia, the Assessment of the Courts in the Russian Federation, etc.

The new, more applied and pragmatic focus of VTsIOM research programs was also expressed in the change of the Center's motto: instead of the former "From opinion - to understanding", it became: "To know is to win!"

Criticism

The company is sometimes accused by those who are the object of its research. Thus, the leader of the Communist Party, Gennady Zyuganov, criticizes the objectivity and correctness of the research of the Center: "I believe that this is an unscrupulous research," said the Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation G.A. I. Lenin (according to this study, Russians are in favor of reburial of Lenin's body in the cemetery).

VTsIOM is also accused of "special" relations with the Kremlin. The most famous scandal of this kind is associated with the publication in The New Times magazine in the fall of 2007 of a series of materials about the corruption of VTsIOM and the manipulations used in the center's research to please the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. VTsIOM filed a lawsuit against The New Times magazine, and after a ten-month review in September 2008, the court found the published information that the center had a "special commercial relationship" with the Kremlin "untrue" and ordered the magazine to publish a refutation. and the journalist who wrote the articles was ordered by the court to pay a small fine.

However, as regards the allegations that “when conducting polls, sociologists [from VTsIOM] on behalf of various parties use so-called formative questions, that is, questions that lead to strictly defined answers,” the court refused to satisfy VTsIOM's claims. The court decided: "The applicant's argument that the surveys conducted by VTsIOM were not of a formative nature is unfounded." “The VTsIOM press release No. 771 dated September 18, 2007, to which there is a link in the statement of claim, testifies to the opposite,” the decision of the Moscow Arbitration Court says. The judgment in this connection has been contested by the applicant and the investigation is ongoing.

Notes

  1. "Monitoring of public opinion: economic and social changes"
  2. "Media ratings of sociological centers"
  3. "Professional network ESOMAR"
  4. Eurasian monitor
  5. "Monitoring log archive"
  6. "VCIOM Library"
  7. "Database Archivist"
  8. "Expanded thematic archive"
  9. Grushin B.
  10. Zaslavskaya T. How VTsIOM was Born / Public Fracture and the Birth of a New Sociology: Twenty Years of Monitoring. - S. 11-17.
  11. Alexey Levinson's pages
  12. Grushin B. On the far and near approaches to the creation of VTsIOM / Social break and the birth of a new sociology: twenty years of monitoring. - M.: New publishing house, 2008. - S. 18-22.
  13. history of the company
  14. Levada Yu. From opinions to understanding. Sociological essays 1993-2000. SS. 391-548.
  15. Levada Y. We are looking for a person. Sociological essays 2000-2005. SS. 263-379.
  16. Interview with Valery Fedorov / Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 11.09.2003
  17. Interview with Valery Fedorov / Weekly magazine, No. 150 of 01/13/2005

Society, 19 Mar, 18:28

VTsIOM reported an increase in the number of Russians fearing infection with the virus ... , has grown since February, according to published by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM) survey results. In mid-March, a positive answer to the question about ... infection. Over 80% of those surveyed are well informed about the pandemic. VTsIOM notes that there are 14 p.p. more on...

Society, Mar 18, 2:17 pm

VTsIOM named the number of Crimeans ready to vote again for joining Six years after the referendum in Crimea, 88% of Crimeans said they would again support joining Russia. This is evidenced by the data of a survey conducted by VTsIOM. The same position was voiced by 84% of the polled residents of Sevastopol. 4% of Crimeans and 7% of Sevastopol residents would vote for maintaining the status of an Autonomous Republic within Ukraine. More about...

Society, Mar 12, 5:38 pm

VTsIOM named the share of Russians aware of the zeroing of presidential terms ... . This follows from the results of a survey by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM). At the same time, they are "well aware" of the amendment proposed by MP Valentina Tereshkova... 64% of Russians plan to vote for the proposed amendments to the Constitution. Experts VTsIOM note that since March 6, this proportion of Russians has increased by ..., and the Constitutional Court recognizes it as consistent with the principles of the Basic Law. Poll VTsIOM conducted March 11 in the form of a telephone interview. Participation in...

Mar 11, 2:30 pm

In Bashkiria, the shortage of engineers, doctors and teachers was assessed ... top 10 scarce qualifications. National Agency for the Development of Qualifications (NARK) and VTsIOM presented data on existing and prospective qualifications in the Russian economy...

Politics, Mar 05, 21:17

VTsIOM named the proportion of Russians who know about voting on the Constitution ... 83%. This is evidenced by the data of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM). Thus, from February 12, the share of those who know about what is scheduled for ..., the Russian people and the union of a man and a woman At the end of January VTsIOM conducted a survey that showed that of all the amendments to the Constitution...

Society, 05 Mar, 15:45

Almost two-thirds of Russian men planned to give flowers on March 8 ... this is evidenced by the data of a survey published by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM). According to the results of the survey, flowers were chosen as a gift for girlfriends and...

Society, Feb 26, 11:30 am

The Russians called the most effective ways to protect against coronavirus According to the majority of respondents, you can protect yourself from infection by washing your hands and observing hygiene, avoiding crowded places, wearing masks and not traveling to China data from the VTsIOM study. Half of them (52%) fear they might...

Society, Feb 18, 13:31

VTsIOM called the share of Russians who consider themselves kind ... from the results of a survey conducted by the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center ( VTsIOM). It is indicated that most often women are confident in their kindness and ... telephone among 1600 residents of the country over 18 years old. In November VTsIOM assessed the level of happiness in Russia. According to the survey, 81% of residents ...

Politics, 14 Feb, 23:08

VTsIOM appreciated the trust of Russians in Putin The confidence rating of President Vladimir Putin was 71.3%, according to the VTsIOM website. 1.6 thousand people took part in the telephone survey, which was conducted from February 3 to 9. 24.8% of respondents said they did not trust the head of state. At the end of January, the percentage of those who trust Putin was 73.9% (a three-month high). Putin's trust rating rose to...

Politics, 03 Feb, 00:00

The most popular amendments to the Constitution were supported by more than 90% of Russians ... pensions and fixing the minimum wage not lower than the subsistence level, the survey showed VTsIOM VTsIOM conducted a survey on the attitude of Russians to the amendments proposed by Vladimir Putin ... Putin's trust rating rose to a maximum in three months ... the value of the indicator recorded since November 2019. Such data leads VTsIOM in his poll “Ratings of trust in politicians, assessments of the work of the president, support ...”, which grew after his speech with a message to the Federation Council. Indicators VTsIOM were calculated by the average value, the survey was conducted from the 20th to ... FOM, following VTsIOM, abandoned the electoral ratings of the president ... cast their vote if the elections were held next Sunday. VTsIOM stopped publishing such ratings in mid-2018. "Presidential elections... ratings can be published when presidential candidates are identified and nominated." VTsIOM plans to resume such surveys no earlier than 2022... More than 10% of Russians declared distrust to artificial intelligence VTsIOM The Russians named the best universities in the country ... A survey conducted by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM), showed that Russians consider Moscow State University to be the best university in the country. Lomonosov. ... The head of VTsIOM named the most popular foreign politician among Russians ... it has "a strange funny eccentric from the last century," said the head VTsIOM The most popular foreign politician among Russians is President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko... VTsIOM recorded an increase in the approval rating of Putin's work after the message ... % is positive, in the past it was almost 30% less,” Fedorov concluded. VTsIOM conducted a telephone survey on January 16 among Russians over 18 years old ... The Russians were disappointed in the idea of ​​transferring the New Year holidays to May ... older generations," the director of strategic development commented on the results of the survey. VTsIOM Stepan Lvov. The Russians called the ideal duration of the New Year holidays In December... VTsIOM called the most common New Year's resolutions of Russians ... more time for the family, experts of the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center found out ( VTsIOM). The results of the survey are at the disposal of RBC. About the desire to do more ... to “survive until next year”, work more and finish building the house. VTsIOM notes that the majority of respondents - 57% - are not going to give themselves at all ... 24% of respondents manage to keep their word. Before New Year VTsIOM reported that the cherished dream for Russians is health for themselves ... The majority of Russians opposed the return of the sale of beer at the stadiums ... events. This is evidenced by the data of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM) received by RBC. According to the respondents, it is more appropriate to drink beer at ... Sociologists named the most popular dishes in the New Year's menu among Russians The most popular dishes in the New Year's menu of Russians are Olivier, tangerines and salad "Herring under a fur coat". This is evidenced by the data of the VTsIOM survey. Sociologists have compared how the taste preferences of Russians have changed on New Year's Eve over ten years. The top three among New Year's dishes from 2009 to 2019 has not changed: in the first place is Olivier... The Russians called their cherished dreams Most often, Russians want health for themselves and their loved ones, as well as better living conditions - this was reported by 10% of respondents, according to the results of a survey by VTsIOM, TASS reports. Another 8% dream of traveling, and 7% dream of raising successful children and grandchildren. 6% of respondents want material well-being for themselves, and 5% would like to move to the seaside. 4% ... Non-linear dependence: how connections with officials affect investors Despite the generally not too optimistic economic background, the number of investor companies is growing in the Russian regions, especially where contacts with officials are less important for successful business Amid discussions about economic growth in the range of 1-2% per year and general pessimistic expectations good news rises, especially if they... VTsIOM estimated the number of Russians approving the law on domestic violence The majority of Russians - 70% - believe that the country needs a law on domestic violence. This follows from the published results of the VTsIOM survey. At the same time, women attach more importance to the law on the prevention of domestic violence than men: they positively answered the question about the need for a document in 80% of cases, and men - in 57% of cases. 17%... More than 40% of companies in Russia refused to implement artificial intelligence ... follows from the results of a joint survey of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM) and the project office for the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy" of the Analytical Center... More than 40% of Russians said they did not trust doctors ... services: a request for strict control" of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion ( VTsIOM) and the Center for Social Design "Platform", which RBC got acquainted with. How... Almost 80% of Russians supported the participation of their children in volunteer projects ... and voluntary projects, said Head of Policy Analysis and Consulting Practice VTsIOM Mikhail Mamonov, reports TASS. According to him, 83% of the respondents named ... More than 15% of Russians declared their readiness to accept any state bans 55% of VTsIOM survey participants admitted that in the coming years the state could introduce bans that would qualitatively affect their lives. Almost the same number - 53% - are ready to defend their interests and fight against interfering bans Fears of bans More than half of the Russians polled by VTsIOM - 55% - expressed fear that in the coming years the state may ... The Russians allowed a return to regular cigarettes while restricting vaping ... population of Russia. Demand for traditional cigarettes has fallen in Russia Why VTsIOM asks Russians about vaping per device. How the study was conducted VTsIOM conducted two surveys: among users of electronic cigarettes and devices for ... , who smoke regular cigarettes and use nicotine delivery systems (their VTsIOM calls dualists), and vapers - consumers of only vapes and delivery systems... VTsIOM explained the plans of young people to leave Russia with a desire to see the world Less than 5% of young people would like to leave the country forever. 41% want to see the world, get an education abroad, work, and then return. According to the Levada Center, 53% of young Russians would like to leave Russia, 4.8% of Russians under the age of 35 would like to move abroad for permanent residence. 40% say they don't intend to move... What happened during the night. Top RBC news ... dictators, because with it they can monitor the population. VTsIOM discovered the request of Russians for the replacement of the ruling party Most Russians (63 ...

All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, VCIOM(until 1992 - All-Union) - the oldest Russian research organization that regularly conducts sociological and marketing research based on surveys public opinion. One of the largest Russian companies in this market. Created in 1987. 100% of the company's shares belong to the state.

Description

The oldest sociological company in the post-Soviet space (established in 1987 presidium AUCCTU and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR as the All-Union Center for the Study of Public Opinion, c - All-Russian). VTsIOM conducts full-cycle marketing, social and political research - from the development of a concept and tools to the preparation of analytical reports and presentation of results.

Research is carried out both at the regional and federal levels, as well as abroad. There are partnerships and research is being conducted both in the post-Soviet space and in the EU countries, in Japan, China, etc. Among the partners and customers of the Center's research are leading Russian and foreign companies, universities, government institutions: the International Committee of the Red Cross , United Nations Development Program, Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation, Kommersant Publishing House, Reuters, NATO (NATO Moscow Office), US Department of State, NIU-HSE, RSSU, Rosneft, RUSAL, Samsung, Intel, etc.

VTsIOM is a member of a number of international professional networks (Intersearch, Eurasian Monitor, etc.) and in its research is guided by standards and norms ESOMAR.

VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution, publishes its own scientific journal (""), manages the work of its own department in NIU-HSE and a research center at the RSSU, and also regularly holds meetings of its own Scientific and Expert Council, which includes leading sociologists of the country.

VTsIOM was a federal state unitary enterprise, in 2003 it was corporatized. However, 100% of the company's shares belong to the state.

Structure and employees

The central office of VTsIOM is located in Moscow. Branches of the company operate in all 7 federal districts of the country. More than 70 specialists in the field of sociology, marketing, political science, finance, psychology and statistics work in the company's Moscow office. Leads the Center Valery Fedorov. Since 2011, the Chairman of the Board of Directors is Yuri Voytsekhovsky.

Among the company's employees are doctors and candidates of sciences, graduates of leading Russian and foreign universities (Moscow and St. Petersburg State Universities, Vienna and Moscow Diplomatic Academies, Higher School of Economics, etc.). Own network of interviewers has about 5000 people. Leading departments of the company include:

  • Development Directorate
  • Communications Directorate
  • Department of Socio-Political Research
    • Department of Political Studies
    • Department of Social Research
  • Business Research Office

VTsIOM Research

At the regional and federal levels, in the post-Soviet space and in the countries of the “far abroad”, VTsIOM conducts research in 3 main areas:

  • politics (electoral research, monitoring of satisfaction with the authorities),
  • social sphere (education, medicine, family, housing and communal services, fight against corruption),
  • business (finance and insurance, real estate market, development of product and corporate brands, development of corporate reputation, trademark expertise, information technology market, media measurements, sports industry, automotive market), etc.

VTsIOM regularly acts as a coordinator and executor of international research projects for foreign and Russian customers - both in Russia and abroad, including UNDP, US State Department, NATO, etc. Since 2004, the Center has been actively involved in building a system of regular sociological research in the post-Soviet space (as part of the activities of the Eurasian Monitor agency, one of the founders of which is VTsIOM - along with the sociological services of other former republics of the Soviet Union).

The work uses a wide range of research techniques (personal interviews, focus groups, mystery shopping, hall tests, exit polls, expert surveys, telephone interviews, etc.). Among the methods of information processing are both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, special sampling programs, etc. Weekly population surveys are conducted on an all-Russian representative sample (1600 people in 140 settlements of 42 regions of Russia).

Some VTsIOM projects over the past 5 years

Scientific and teaching activities

VTsIOM has the status of a scientific institution. In addition, the Center has a scientific and expert council, which includes well-known Russian sociologists, political scientists, philosophers and historians. Since 1993, VTsIOM has been publishing its own scientific journal " Monitoring public opinion: economic and social changes". The journal is published 6 times a year and has been in the public domain since 2009 (both archive and latest issues). The editorial board of "Monitoring" (completely updated in 2003) includes leading domestic sociologists (employees of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow State University, RSSU, SU-HSE, GfK-Rus, etc.

At the Faculty of Sociology of the Higher School of Economics, there has been (since 2008) the Department of VTsIOM, and at the RSSU - the Research Center of VTsIOM (since 2008). VTsIOM holds competitions of scientific works among young scientists - sociologists. It pays scholarships to the most talented sociology students.

The Center regularly publishes author's and collective monographs on the state of public opinion in Russia. Among the latter: "From Yeltsin to Putin: Three Epochs in the Historical Consciousness of Russians" (2007), "Political Russia: Election Guide 2007", "Political Dictionary of Our Time" (2006), "Russia at the Crossroads of the Second Term" (2005) . VTsIOM employees regularly make presentations at Russian and foreign scientific conferences and round tables.

The VTsIOM team maintains an archive in which public opinion research has been presented since 1992. So, in the VTsIOM "Archivarius" database - the results of public opinion polls "Express" from 1992 to the present, and in the expanded thematic archive - there are functions of in-depth search in the archive of the Center.

Story

Birth. The first public opinion research institute in Russia. 1987

The resolution on the creation of VTsIOM (then still "All-Union") was adopted at the July meeting Central Committee CPSU 1987. The founders were AUCCTU and Goskomtruda of the USSR. The first head of the center was Tatyana Zaslavskaya, academician. Her deputy Boris Grushin. According to Zaslavskaya, the model for creating the center for her was the Institute of Demoscopy in Germany, headed by E. Noel-Neumann. AT - 1988 thanks to the organizational efforts of Grushin, a network of sociological centers was deployed in the republics of the USSR and regions of Russia. This allowed in November 1988 to conduct the first mass surveys on representative samples of the adult population of the country, a year later the studies were conducted on a systematic basis. In August 1989 Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion, Voice of the People,.

At the same time, VTsIOM, which appeared at the dawn of perestroika, by precise definition Alexey Levinson , "played the role of a mother swarm, from which the emerging families, new agencies for the study of public opinion and the market, separated." Yes, in August 1989 Boris Grushin left VTsIOM and organized his own organization for the study of public opinion, Voice of the People. In 1991, one of the leading marketing services of modern Russia, the KOMKON company, was founded on the basis of the VTsIOM team. In 1992, he separated from VTsIOM FOM, originally created as a division of the center to raise funds from charitable organizations, and in 2003 VTsIOM-A was created, later renamed Levada Center.

2003 Conflict

From the very beginning, VTsIOM has been a state-owned sociological company. So, in 1987 the founders of the Center were the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions and the State Committee for Labor of the USSR, then (in 1998) the Center was re-registered as a federal state unitary enterprise (FGUP), and in August 2003, by the decision of the Ministry of Property Relations, the Federal State Unitary Enterprise VCIOM was transformed into the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public opinions." As before, the state remained 100% the owner of the organization. The board of directors of the company, consisting of representatives of the shareholder - the state, decided to replace the head of the Center (Yury Levada), who headed the company in 1992-2003. A young political scientist Valery Fedorov was appointed in his place. Claims against Levada, according to the new leader, were: "stagnation in the scientific field" and the fact that under him were "undeservedly forgotten" studies of "the social situation in the country, the problems of poverty, unemployment, employment, the labor market, emigration." One of the main tasks of Valery Fedorov as director, in his own words, was the preservation of the VTsIOM research team:

“He [Levada] wants to present his own dismissal as the destruction of the leading sociological center of Russia. I assure you that such destruction will not happen. Unfortunately, Yuri Alexandrovich is trying to present his dismissal as a mass exodus from VTsIOM. Of course, we won't allow that." .

Further history (2003-present)

VTsIOM continued to conduct research programs started by the former team and publish the journal “ Monitoring public opinion: economic and social changes"(the former editorial team since 2003 continued to work in the newly created journal" Bulletin of Public Opinion »).

The priority area of ​​VTsIOM's research today is the political mood of the population, attitudes towards authorities at all levels, their decisions, initiatives and programs. In addition to the authorities, VTsIOM continues to conduct research commissioned by the largest Russian commercial companies and public associations. New areas of research have also appeared, in particular, the company began to pay more attention to the social situation in the country, as well as marketing and international research.

Thus, since 2003, VTsIOM has been conducting weekly constructions of social well-being indices. The empirical basis for calculating the indices underlying the time series is the data of weekly Express Polls conducted by VCIOM on a representative all-Russian sample (taking into account quotas by sex, age, education and territorial zoning of the State Statistics Committee) in 42 regions, territories and republics of Russia in 140 settlements (number of respondents 1600 people).

Since 2003, research in the post-Soviet space has also become more important. In 2003, the company became one of the founders of the research agency "Eurasian Monitor" and by 2009 conducts regular surveys of the population in 14 states of the former USSR.

In July 2016, VTsIOM agreed with the British holding WPP on the purchase of TNS Russia, which measures the TV audience in Russia to calculate the cost of advertising. The start of talks about the sale was given at the end of June 2016, after the adoption by the State Duma of a ban on foreign companies from engaging in telemetry in Russia if the share of foreign participation is more than 20%.

Criticism

The company is sometimes accused by those who are the object of its research. Thus, the leader of the Communist Party, Gennady Zyuganov, criticizes the objectivity and correctness of the research of the Center: “I believe that this is an unscrupulous research,” said G. A. Zyuganov, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, evaluating, at the request of the media, the published results of the VTsIOM study on the problem of Mausoleum V. I. Lenin (according to this study, Russians are in favor of reburial of Lenin's body in the cemetery).

VTsIOM often makes calls to citizens' home phones without their prior consent, and they can call late at night, and on weekends and holidays.

Court between The New Times» and VTsIOM

VTsIOM is also accused of "special" relations with the Kremlin. For example, Natalia Morari, one of the authors of the magazine " The New Times» autumn 2007 published a series of articles on corruption VTsIOM and the manipulations used in the research of the center to please the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation. In December 2007, it became known that Natalia Morari was banned from entering Russia. VTsIOM also filed a lawsuit against The New Times magazine, and after a ten-month review in September 2008 The Moscow Arbitration Court recognized as "untrue" the published information that the center has "special commercial relations" with the Kremlin, and ordered the magazine to publish a refutation and pay a fine of 10,000 rubles, and the court ordered the journalist who wrote the articles to pay a fine of 100 rubles.

However, with regard to the allegations that “when conducting surveys, sociologists from VTsIOM on the instructions of various parties, they use the so-called formative questions, that is, questions that lead to strictly defined answers, ”the court refused to satisfy the claims of VTsIOM. The court decided: “The applicant’s argument that the polls conducted by VTsIOM were not of a formative nature is unfounded,” and “the VTsIOM press release No. Moscow Arbitration Court. The judgment in this connection has been contested by the applicant and the investigation is ongoing.

However, in August 2013, the director of VTsIOM Valery Fedorov noted that the main customer of VTsIOM is the "Kremlin" and the party " United Russia” and that the results of surveys conducted on their orders can only be published with the permission of the customer.

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