Collection of ideal essays on social studies. a) scientific observation. How to prepare for social studies

26.11.2019

How to prepare for social studies:

Constant practice is needed.
- Pay special attention to the exam in social studies 2019. A demo from FIPI will help you understand the structure of the ticket, understand the requirements. guide you on what topics to study.
- prepared for the solution 10 training options with answers. They are developed by teachers on the basis of a demo version.
- The more tests are solved, the higher the preparedness will be, since the memorization mechanism is triggered. Don't be lazy to work on the bugs. Solve online tests every week until you make mistakes. Registered users on the site can track the statistics of solved tests.
Manage your time correctly to solve practice tests in order to get the maximum number of points.
- Tasks 1-3 and 10 are solved in 1-4 minutes;
- Tasks 4-9 and 11-28 are given from 2 to 8 minutes;
- Tasks 29 - 45 minutes.
Work with text

Converting points to grades

0-41 points - "unsatisfactory";
42-54 points - "triples";
55-66 points - "good";
67 points and above - "excellent".

The minimum is 42 and the maximum is 100.

The USE test in social studies consists of:

Part 1- out of 20 tasks, with a short answer in the form of a word, a few words or numbers. Half of the tasks belong to the basic level, the other part to the advanced level. The first part is estimated at 35 primary points.
Part 2- from 9 tasks, with a detailed answer. Tasks 21 and 22 are basic, and from 23 to 29 - with increased complexity and is estimated at 30 points. See with a detailed answer in social studies.

Remember!

In 2019, the exam in social studies is given 235 minutes (3 hours 55 minutes).
It is forbidden to take foreign objects (cribs, smartphones, headphones, smart watches, etc.).
On the last day before the exam, repeat the material covered, review the solved options again.

The examination paper consists of two parts, including 31 tasks. Part 1 contains 25 short answer tasks, part 2 contains 6 long answer tasks.

For each task 1–20 of the work, four possible answers are offered, of which only one is correct. The task is considered completed correctly if the exam participant wrote down the number of the correct answer. The task is considered failed in the following cases: a) the number of the wrong answer is recorded; b) the numbers of two or more answers are recorded, even if the number of the correct answer is also indicated among them; c) the response number is not recorded. In tasks 21-25, the answer is given as a sequence of numbers (for example, 125), written without spaces and separator characters. Answers to the tasks of part 2 are independently formulated and recorded by the examinee in expanded form. Verification of their implementation is carried out by experts on the basis of a specially developed system of criteria

Scale for converting points into grades:

"2"– from 0 to 14

"3"– from 15 to 24

"four"– from 25 to 33

"5"– from 34 to 39

The system for assessing the performance of individual tasks and the examination work as a whole

Correctly performed work is estimated at 39 points. Each correctly completed task 1–21, 23–25 is worth 1 point. Task 22 is evaluated according to the following principle: 2 points - no errors; 1 point - one mistake was made; 0 points - two or more errors were made. Tasks of part 2 are evaluated depending on the completeness and correctness of the answer. For the complete and correct completion of tasks 26–28, 30 and 31, 2 points are awarded. With an incomplete answer - 1 point. For the complete and correct completion of task 29, 3 points are awarded. In case of incomplete fulfillment, depending on the representation of the required components of the answer - 2 or 1 point. Thus, for completing the tasks of part 2 (correct and complete wording of answers to all six questions), the examinee can receive a maximum of 13 points.

The examination time is 3 hours (180 minutes).

The 2019 state final certification in social science (society) for graduates of the 9th grade of general educational institutions is carried out in order to assess the level of general education of graduates in this discipline. The tasks check the following skills and methods of action within the framework of the discipline of social science:

Describe the main social objects, highlighting their essential features; man as a socially active being; basic social roles.
Compare social objects, judgments about society and man; identify their common features and differences.
Explain the relationship of the studied social objects (including the interaction of society and nature, man and society, spheres of public life, citizen and state.
Give examples of social objects of a certain type, social relations; situations regulated by various types of social norms; activities of people in various fields.
Evaluate people's behavior in terms of social norms, economic rationality.
Solve, within the framework of the studied material, cognitive and practical tasks that reflect typical situations in various fields of human activity.
Search for social information on a given topic from its various media (media materials, educational text and other adapted sources).

Dates for passing the OGE in social studies (society) 2019:
May 30 (Thursday), June 4 (Tuesday).

There are no changes in the structure and content of the examination paper in 2019 compared to 2018.

In this section you will find online tests that will help you prepare for passing the OGE (GIA) in social studies (society). We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 20 of these 25 tasks offer answers. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. For tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (CMM), we have significantly increased the number of answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 20 of these 25 tasks offer answers. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. For tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (CMM), we have significantly increased the number of answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

When completing tasks A1-A20, select only one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A20, choose only one correct option.

GIA in social studies 2012

Work instructions

3 hours (180 minutes) are allotted to complete the examination paper in social science. The work consists of 3 parts, including
31 tasks.

Part 1 includes 20 tasks with a choice of answers. For each task, 4 answers are given, only one is correct. When completing the tasks of this part, in the answer sheet No. 1, under the number of the task you are performing (A1–A20), put the “×” sign in the box, the number of which corresponds to the number of the answer you have chosen. If you marked the wrong number, then in the line “Replacing erroneous answers with a task of the type A A and write the correct answer.
Part 2 consists of 5 tasks requiring a short answer. For the tasks of part 2, the answer is written in the examination paper in the space provided for this, in case of recording an incorrect answer, cross it out and write a new one next to it, then transfer the answers to form No. 1. If you marked the wrong number in the form, then in the line “Replacing erroneous answers with a task of the type AT » put the number of the type response to be replaced AT and write the correct answer.

Part 3 includes a document and 6 tasks for it. To complete these tasks, you must select the necessary information from the text, open
(including examples) its individual provisions; correlate the information from the text with the knowledge gained during the course; apply existing knowledge to analyze social situations; express and justify your own opinion. Answers to the tasks of part 3 are written on a separate sheet.

When completing assignments, you can use a draft. Please note that entries in the draft will not be taken into account when evaluating the work.

We advise you to complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip the task that you can't complete right away and move on to the next one. If after completing all the work you have time left, you can return to the missed tasks.

The points you get for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

We wish you success!

Option 1

Part 1

When completing the tasks of this part, in the answer sheet No. 1, under the number of the task you are performing (A1–A20), put the “×” sign in the box, the number of which corresponds to the number of the answer you have chosen.

A1 Production costs, labor market, competition characterize the sphere of society

1) economic

2) social

3) political

4) spiritual

A2 Which of the following examples illustrates interpersonal communication?

1) The head of state addresses citizens in the media.

2) Doctors listen to the report of the Minister of Health.

3) Friends met after a quarrel, found out its causes and reconciled.

4) Representatives of trade unions are discussing the organization of the rally.

A3 Sergei is a doctor. He is an honest and decent person. In his free time, he plays in a musical group and studies in a ballroom dance studio. All this characterizes Sergei as

1) friend

2) individual

3) personality

4) worker

A4 Are the following statements about society correct?

A. Society is part of nature.

B. In the structure of society, spheres of public life are distinguished.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

A5 Tenth-grader of the gymnasium Violetta won the prestigious children's acting competition. She also works in a children's vocal studio. What level of education is Violetta at?

1) initial vocational education

2) basic general education

3) complete (secondary) general education

4) secondary vocational education

A6 Are the following judgments about the role of science in the modern world correct?

A. Science helps a person to systematize knowledge about the world around him.

B. Science strives for the reliability of the results obtained.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

A7 Which of the following refers to the factors (resources) of production?

1) profit

2) labor

3) taxes

4) salary

A8 The initiative independent economic activity of a person, carried out at his own risk within the framework of the law, aimed at making a profit, is called

1) entrepreneurship

2) reform

3) production

4) creativity

A9 In country Z there is commodity production and money circulation. What additional information will allow us to conclude that the economy of country Z has a market character?

1) The state sets the wages of employees.

2) The Ministry of Finance decides how to use the profits.

3) Underage workers are provided with preferential working conditions.

4) The manufacturer independently determines what and how much to produce.

A10 Are the following statements about resource scarcity correct?

A. The problem of limited resources can be completely solved by modern science.

B. Limited resources are associated with the growing needs of society.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

A11 The structure of society is represented by a set of social communities and groups. What social group is allocated on a territorial basis?

1) peasants

2) people from Ryazan

3) Russians

4) passengers

A12 What social role can both adolescents and adults play?

1) consumer

2) voter

3) high school student

4) driver

A13 Are the following statements about social conflict correct?

A. Social conflict always leads to negative consequences.

B. Social conflicts differ in the form and nature of development.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

A14 The state power is exercised

1) university rector

2) Prime Minister

3) the leader of the opposition party

4) Chairman of the Central Bank

A15 In state Z, the supreme power belongs to the hereditary ruler. He directs the activities of the Cabinet of Ministers, adopts laws, approves court decisions. What form of government exists in state Z?

1) federation

2) absolute monarchy

3) unitary state

4) republic

A16 Are the following statements about political parties correct?

A. The political party seeks participation in the exercise of power.

B. A political party unites a group of like-minded people who express the interests of certain social forces.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

A17 Legal norms, unlike other social norms,

1) supported by the power of the state

2) regulate people's behavior

3) rely on the power of public opinion

A18 President of Russian Federation

1) resolves the issue of confidence in the Government

2) manage federal property

3) develops the federal budget

4) determines the main directions of domestic and foreign policy

A19 Citizen K. gave his son his car for his birthday. This example primarily illustrates the right of citizen K. as an owner in relation to his property.

1) own

2) dispose

3) enjoy

4) inherit

A20 Are the following judgments about the law enforcement agencies of the state correct?

A. Supervision over the implementation of laws by public authorities is carried out by the bar.

B. The task of the police is to ensure the safety of the individual.

1) only A is true

2) only B is true

3) both statements are correct

4) both judgments are wrong

Part 2

The answer to the tasks of this part (B1-B5) is a word (phrase) or a sequence of numbers. Write the answers first in the text of the work, and then transfer them to the answer sheet No. 1 to the right of the number of the corresponding task, starting from the first cell, without spaces or any additional characters. Write each number or letter in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

IN 1 State Z has a democratic political regime, while State Y has a totalitarian one. Compare these two political regimes.Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences.

1) sentencing by extrajudicial bodies (features of similarity, features of difference)

2) the presence of executive authorities (features of similarity, features of difference)

3) suppression of violations of public order (features of similarity, features of difference)

4) free elections on an alternative basis (features of similarity, features of difference)

IN 2 Establish a correspondence between the rights (freedoms) of a person and the groups of rights (freedoms) to which they belong

Right to protection of honor and dignity

The right to health care and medical care

The right to live

Right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association

Protection against arbitrary interference with privacy

Answer__________________________

AT 3 Read the given text, each position of which is marked with a letter.

(A) Maria graduated from the institute and works as an accountant.

(B) She spends a lot of time reading professional literature, mastering new computer programs, keeping track of changes in legislation.

Determine which positions of the text

1) reflect the facts

2) express opinions

AT 4 Find in the list of conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram and mark the conclusions that are indicated.

1) The percentage of those who consider wage increases as an effective way to increase labor productivity is higher among employees of state-owned enterprises than among employees of private enterprises.

2) The value of production modernization as an effective way to increase labor productivity for employees of private firms is lower than for employees of state enterprises.

3) The percentage of those who consider staff development an effective way to increase labor productivity is higher among employees of state-owned enterprises than among employees of private firms.

4) Equal shares of employees of private firms note the improvement of the qualifications of employees and the creation of comfortable working conditions as the most effective ways to increase labor productivity.

5) The opinion about the increase in wages as the most effective way to increase labor productivity is most common among employees of both types of enterprises.

AT 5 The results of the survey, reflected in the diagram, were published and commented on in the media. Which of the following conclusions directly follow from the information received during the survey?

1) Most workers associate the increase in labor productivity with scientific and technological progress.

2) The problem of advanced training is equally irrelevant for employees of both private firms and state enterprises.

3) Modernization of production allows you to increase the wages of workers.

4) Financial incentives are leading for a significant proportion of respondents.

5) The success of the company depends on the level of its technical equipment.

Answer: _________________________.

Part 3

To write down the answers to the tasks of this part (C1-C6), use the answer sheet No. 2. First write down the number of the task (C1, C2, etc.), and then the detailed answer to it. Write your answers clearly and legibly. The number of points awarded for Part 3 tasks depends on the completeness and correctness of your answer. Both complete correct and partially correct answers will be scored.

Read the text and complete tasks C1–C6.

We are entering an age in which education, knowledge, professional skills will play a decisive role in the fate of a person. Without knowledge, by the way, which is becoming more and more complicated, it will simply be impossible to work, to be useful ... A person will bring in new ideas, think about what a machine cannot think about. And for this, the general intelligence of a person, his ability to create something new and, of course, moral responsibility, which a machine cannot bear in any way, will be more and more needed ... the hardest and most difficult task will fall on a person to be not just a man, but a man of science, a man morally responsible for everything that happens in the age of machines and robots. General education can create a person of the future, a creative person, a creator of everything new and morally responsible for everything that will be created.

Teaching is what a young person needs now from a very young age. You must always learn. Until the end of his life, not only taught, but also studied all the major scientists. If you stop learning, you won't be able to teach. For knowledge is growing and becoming more complex. At the same time, it must be remembered that the most favorable time for learning is youth. It was in youth
in childhood, in adolescence, in youth, the human mind is most receptive.

Know how not to waste time on trifles, on “rest”, which sometimes tires more than the hardest work, do not fill your bright mind with muddy streams of stupid and aimless “information”. Take care of yourself for learning, for acquiring knowledge and skills that you will master easily and quickly only in your youth.

And here I hear the heavy sigh of a young man: what a boring life you offer our youth! Only study. And where is the rest, entertainment? So why shouldn't we rejoice?

No. The acquisition of skills and knowledge is the same sport. Teaching is difficult when we do not know how to find joy in it. We must love to study and choose smart forms of recreation and entertainment that can also teach something, develop in us some abilities that will be needed in life ...

Learn to love learning!

(D.S. Likhachev)

Plan your text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.

Assessment system for examination work in social studies

Option 1

Part 1

For the correct answer to each task of part 1, 1 point is put.

If two or more answers are given (including the correct one), an incorrect answer or no answer - 0 points.

job number	Answer









A10

job number	Answer
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
A17
A18
A19
A20

Part 2

Correctly completed tasks B1, B2 are evaluated by 1 point; tasks B3-B5 are evaluated as follows: 2 points - no errors; 1 point - one mistake was made, or one symbol is missing in the correct answer combination; 0 points - two or more errors were made.

job number	Answer
	1234
	13121

C1. Plan your text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments

text and title each one.

	Points
In the correct answer, the points of the plan should correspond to the main semantic fragments of the text and reflect the main idea of each of them. The following semantic fragments can be distinguished: 1) the role of education in the 21st century; 2) the moral responsibility of a man of science; 3) young years - the time of study; 4) be able to find joy in learning. Other formulations of the points of the plan are possible that do not distort the essence of the main idea of the fragment, and the allocation of additional semantic blocks
The main semantic fragments of the text, their names are highlighted (points of the plan) reflect the main idea of each fragment of the text. The number of selected fragments can be different.
More than half of the semantic fragments of the text are correctly identified, their titles (points of the plan) reflect the main ideas of the relevant parts of the text. OR The main semantic fragments of the text are highlighted, but not all titles (points of the plan) reflect the main idea of each fragment of the text
The main fragments of the text are not highlighted. OR The names of the highlighted fragments (points of the plan) do not correspond to the main idea of the corresponding parts of the text, being quotations from the corresponding fragment. OR Answer is wrong
Maximum score

Indicate any two qualities that, in the opinion of the author, a person will need.

(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)	Points
The correct answer must contain the following elements: 1) role: the person will bring in new ideas, think about what a machine cannot think; 2) qualities: the general intelligence of a person, his ability create new, moral responsibility, Elements of the answer can be given in other, similar in meaning wording
The role and two qualities are correctly indicated
Only the role is correct. OR Role and one quality are correct. OR Only two qualities are correct
Only one quality is correct. OR Answer is wrong
Maximum score

C3. Why, according to the author, is it necessary for a young person to learn from an early age? Use the text to provide two reasons.

(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)	Points
The following reasons can be given: 1) knowledge is growing and becoming more complex; 2) it is in youth that the human mind is most receptive. The reasons can be given in other, close in meaning wording
There are two correct reasons
One reason correctly
Wrong answer
Maximum score

C4. What forms of recreation does the author recommend for young people? Give two examples of such forms, in each case show what qualities this form develops.

(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)	Points
A correct answer must contain the following elements: rest, which can also teach something, develop in us some abilities that will be needed in life; 2) two examples indicating qualities, for example: − classes in the sports section develop strength, agility, volitional qualities, ability to interact with partners and rivals; − reading in free hours of works of art, develops the power of imagination, a sense of empathy, expands ideas about the world and man. Elements of the answer can be given in other, similar in meaning wording
The question is answered, two examples are given, in each case showing qualities
The answer to the question is given, one or two examples are given, the qualities shown for only one of the forms. OR The question is answered, one example is given, qualities shown for two forms. OR Two examples are given, in each case showing the qualities
The question is answered and two examples are given. OR Answered question showing qualities for two forms (The forms are not named, but are clear from the context). OR Two examples are given, qualities are shown for one of the forms. OR One example is given, qualities are shown for one or two forms
Answered and given an example. OR The answer is given and the quality is named. OR Only two examples are given. OR Only two qualities are named. OR Only answer given
Maximum score

(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)	Points
The following explanations can be given: a person bears moral responsibility for “everything that happens child in the age of machines and robots," since 1) global economic problems faced by elk humanity in the second half of the 20th century, in many ways caused by intense transformational activity person, the nature and direction of which at the beginning of the XXI century. not changed; 2) developing equipment and technologies have not only positive impact on the development of society, but also carry potential threat to human existence. Other explanations can be given
Two explanations are given
One explanation given
task requirement. OR Answer is wrong
Maximum score

C6. The author believes that "one must always learn." Using the text and social science knowledge, confirm with two arguments (explanations) the need for continuous education throughout a person's life.

(Other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)	Points
The following arguments (explanations) can be given: 1) in the modern world, knowledge becomes obsolete very quickly, therefore, they have to be constantly replenished, corrected wat; 2) modern people often change jobs, so you have to constantly learn new information, activities ness. Other arguments (explanations) may be given
Two arguments given (explanations)
One argument given (explanation)
Reasonings of a general nature are given, which do not correspond to task requirement. OR Answer is wrong
Maximum score

Collection of ideal essays on social studies. a) scientific observation. How to prepare for social studies

How to prepare for social studies:

Converting points to grades

The USE test in social studies consists of:

Scale for converting points into grades:

The system for assessing the performance of individual tasks and the examination work as a whole

Report a typo

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