Pronoun - didactic material for Russian language lessons
>>Russian language: Possessive pronouns. Definitive pronouns
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS. DEFINITIONAL PRONOUNS
Theory A
Possessive pronouns indicate possession: mine, yours, ours, yours. They change like adjectives by gender, number and case.
note on the declension of possessive pronouns.
Practice A
1. Indicate which pronoun in the text is used intentionally, with a certain meaning. Why can't this pronoun be replaced by another, for example - my?
Every time I look forward to the first exit into the field with excitement, like any hereditary plowman who gets his bread in the field.
Your own bread... Seemingly simple words, but how much deep meaning they contain! Own bread is a sign of growing up, joining a serious business, worldly independence. Your own bread is self-respect (“I eat my own bread - I won’t lay eyes on someone else’s”).
(From the newspaper)
2. Insert missing letters and punctuation where necessary. Find the possessive pronoun in the text. Justify your choice by answering these questions. What does the pronoun indicate and what question does it answer? How does it change? What word is associated with?
Give me the bark, O Birch!
Zh .. give me the bark Birch ...
Throw off your white cloak(s?) Birch!
Throw off your cloak(s?) of white leather.. .
(G. Longfellow)
3. Write down the poem and underline the endings in the possessive pronouns. Put questions from nouns to pronouns. Prove that possessive pronouns change like adjectives.
Our carpet is a flower meadow,
Our walls are giant pines,
Our roof - the sky is blue,
Our happiness is to live such a destiny.
(Y. Entpin)
4. Open the brackets by choosing the appropriate pronoun.
Old friends visited mine/own parents). He saw ( my / my house). Peter met ( my / my friend). ( My / my burden) does not pull. All this I have seen my / my eyes).
5. Eliminate shortcomings in the use of pronouns.
This is my suitcase, I need to put my things here. Can I leave my suitcase here? I met my friend.
Theory B
To indicate belonging in combination with nouns, the genitive case forms of personal pronouns are used: him, her, them. These forms do not change by case: his garden, his garden, his garden.
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Practice B
6. Replace the highlighted nouns with pronouns. Indicate the phrases in which the pronouns denote belonging.
The protagonist of the poem Pushkin, grandmother garden bed, field farmers, smash flower garden, grandfather garden, grow vegetables, houses summer residents.
7. Translate into Russian.
These fields were full of life. Kvіtnik, sіyanіy їkhnіmi hands, buv best. Newspapers wrote about the samoviddana practice.
8. Eliminate shortcomings in the use of pronouns.
Their fields were sown with rye. You cannot rely on him. Shoots of their rye were thicker.
Theory B
Definitive pronouns indicate a generalized attribute of an object or person: himself, all, everyone, each, any, other, other.
Definitive pronouns change like adjectives by gender, number and case.
note on the declension of definitive pronouns himself (self, herself, themselves) and the most (most, most, most).
Please note that in Russian the pronoun sam has the meaning "on its own, without help"; in the meaning of "one" is not used.
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9. Find a definitive pronoun in the text. Justify your choice by answering these questions.
What sign does the pronoun indicate and what question does it answer? How does it change? What word is associated with?
All the attractiveness of the earth lies in the animal and plant world. Both worlds have been studied by us almost to perfection, but contact with them always leaves a feeling of mystery. Mysterious and therefore beautiful are the dark thickets of forests, the depths of the seas. The cry of a bird, the crackling of a tree bud bursting from the warmth, is mysterious. The solved riddle does not kill the excitement caused by the spectacle of the earth. The more we know, the stronger the desire to know.
(K. Paustovsky)
10. Fill in the gaps with pronouns himself, most in the correct grammatical form. Point out the sentences in which the pronoun most serves to form the superlative degree of the adjective.
Working in the country was for my grandmother ... a favorite thing. He received a gift from... the director. I'll... dig up the beds. They've been friends since... childhood. A birch grew near the fence. Sasha can do it... without outside help. The underwater world is perhaps ... mysterious.
11. Somehow two students entered the classroom and saw on the blackboard a table of the declension of a pronoun without a nominative case. One began to claim that this is a pronoun myself, while the other thought most. Tell negligent students how to distinguish between oblique cases of pronouns myself and most.
12. Translate into Russian. Comment on the Russian translation of the highlighted pronouns.
Vin myself work on the city. We were shooting most fox. In order for the guests to pardon us with beauty, themselves kindly a little. Kolo themselves hut buli rose gardens. cherry syagala itself stpixi. Katya worked in the city herself. The child was not deprived of school herself.
N.F. Balandina, K.V. Degtyareva, S.A. Lebedenko. Russian language grade 6
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Pronoun as a part of speech. Classes of pronouns. Personal pronouns.
1. Read the text. Replace, where necessary, repeated words with pronouns.
We were sure that the fire frightened the animals, but one evening in the grass near the fire some animal began to sniff angrily. The animal was not visible. The beast anxiously ran around us, making noise, snorting, but not even sticking its ears out of the grass.
A badger crawled out of the bushes. Badger folded his paw and looked at me carefully. Then the badger snorted and took a step towards the potatoes. The potatoes were frying and sizzling, splattering sizzling oil.
2. Eliminate shortcomings in the use of pronouns.
1. When Dubrovsky killed the bear, Troekurov did not take offense at him, but ordered to tear off his skin.
2. When my father went to the front, he was only two years old.
3. I took the fish out of the basket and gave it to my father.
4. We went to the pond, many lilies grew on it and swans swam. We wove a beautiful wreath out of them.
5. The goose among them was the oldest.
6. When she got a trick, Kashtanka barked the bell.
3. Write down the proverbs and underline the pronouns likesentence members. Determine the categories of pronouns.
- For what he bought, for that he sold.
- Our regiment has arrived.
- This crow is not our defense.
- You can't keep up with your tongue and run.
- Know, cricket, your hearth.
- Enough simplicity for every sage.
- What you go for, you will find.
- Thanks to your house, let's go to another.
4. "Half a minute for a joke."
- Which pronoun has two sounds but one letter?
- What two pronouns prevent us from driving on the roads?
- 1 syllable is a personal pronoun, 2 syllable is the sound that frogs make, all together is a vegetable.
- What are the three most pure pronouns?
- Which island in the Caribbean claims to be clothing?
- Which gas negates the personal pronoun?
5. 1) Read text. Determine the main idea of this text.
The traveler saw three workers pushing heavily loaded wheelbarrows and asked each one what he was doing.
The first one answered: "Pushing this heavy wheelbarrow, damn it."
The second said: "I earn bread for my family."
The third proudly said: "I am building a beautiful temple."
2) Find pronouns, determine their ranks.
3) Explain the punctuation marks. Make proposals.
Classes of pronouns. Reflexive, possessive and demonstrative pronouns.
1. Read the text and copy it by inserting the missing punctuation marks and letters.Determine the categories of pronouns.
Pr ... a fish swam (to) him with ... strength:
"What do you want, old man?"
To her with a p ... clone, the old man replies:
"Have mercy, madam fish,
Ra ... my old woman scolded me,
(Does not) give the old man me p ... which:
She needs a new trough."
The goldfish replies:
“Don’t worry, go with God,
You will have a new trough."
2. Determine the categories of pronouns.
- Having left the village, they climbed up the mountain and Vladimir saw a birch grove.
- The horses sent from Kistenevka had been waiting for him for the fourth day.
- His heart was filled with sad forebodings.
Place punctuation marks and explain them graphically.
3. Write out from the text of the pronoun and determine their ranks.
Farewell, free element!
For the last time in front of me
You roll blue waves
And shine with proud beauty.
Like a friend's mournful murmur,
How to call him at the farewell hour,
Your sad noise, your inviting noise
I heard for the last time. (A.S. Pushkin).
4. Read the text and find demonstrative pronouns. Determine which members of the sentence they are in the text.
In other lakes, the water resembles brilliant ink. It is difficult, without seeing, to imagine this rich, dense color.
This color is especially good in autumn, when yellow and red birch and aspen leaves fall on black water. They cover the water so thickly that the boat rustles through the water and leaves behind a shiny black road. But this color is also good in summer, when white lilies lie on the water, as if on extraordinary glass. (K. Paustovsky)
Write down the rest of the pronouns and determine their ranks.
Find and write out words with spellings (for any 3 spellings).
Explain punctuation marks.
5. Recall and write down from memory several passages of poetry that contain pronouns. Determine their ranks and syntactic role.
Classes of pronouns. Interrogative-relative, indefinite and negative pronouns.
1. Read the poem and find the pronouns. Determine the categories of pronouns.
Johnny lived in the world -
Do you know him?
Johnny didn't have
Absolutely nothing!
Nothing to eat
Nothing to wear.
Nothing to strive for
Nothing to be sorry about.
There is nothing to be afraid of.
Nothing to lose…
having fun,
Nothing to say!
2. Write by opening brackets and inserting missing letters. Specify the categories of pronouns.
- It’s bad that you (n ..) consulted with (whom) (didn’t) you.
- He (n..) complained (not) about (what).
- More to wait for us (n ..) someone.
- (N ...) what reason (not) excuses rudeness.
- And the cranes, sadly flying, already (do not) regret more (n ...) about (whom).
- At that time (n ...) I had to consult with (whom).
- (N ...) in (what) the national character is so freely (not) manifested, as in song and dance.
- I locked the doors, (not) ordered (n...) someone to come in and again asked him to shoot.
- The day is boring until the evening, if you do (n ...) what.
Underline the adverbial phrase.
3. Read the poem. Explain where the characters in the poem come from?
I don't feel like getting out of bed.
I'm afraid to step on Kavot, -
Lives under my bed
The cutest Cavot in the world.
And with him such care:
It is impossible to feed Kavot.
Since every piece somehow
It enters Kamut's stomach.
Find the pronouns and determine the ranks.
4. Write down the sentences by opening the brackets.
A scientist must know everything about (something) and (something) about everything.
The night was quiet, as if listening to (something), waiting for (something), and it seemed to me that (someone) was whispering kind words to me.
In the dark sky, a golden pattern of stars is written ... about (not) something solemn, enchanting the soul.
At the same moment (someone's) body rushed from the porch.
Both were silent and felt (n ...) some awkwardness.
After (n ...) how many moments Tatyana entered and stopped at the threshold.
Do a morphemic analysis of the participle.
use of pronouns (distortion of meaning, substitution of concepts due to incorrect word order, introduction of pronouns into the text in the absence of nouns that they should replace, incorrect choice of grammatical
pronoun forms): edit the sentences.
1) After the end of the campaign, the sailors returned to their families: they had been waiting for a meeting for a whole year.
2) Dinosaurs were exhibited in the museum, which all mechanically moved and made sounds.
3) It was not without difficulty that Chichikov managed to convince Manilov that this was to his advantage.
4) On this day, Petrov took Jack for a walk with all his medals.
5) In Plyushkin's office, there was a terrible mess, it was even impossible to think that a living creature could live in it.
Exercise 2
In the sentences, correct the errors associated with the incorrect use of the pronouns yourself and your. 1) I found the assistant in my office. 2) The mother told her son to pour himself some tea. 3) the hostess invited the tenants to go to her room. 4) The father asked the daughter to invite her friend to him. 5) The writer showed the image of the mother in his development. 6) I told the porter to take my things to the luggage compartment, and then I took my place in the compartment. 7) The audience asked the poet to read his best poem again. Exercise 3 Correct the stylistically incorrect sentences and write them down. 1) The goose among them was the oldest and most sedate. 2) Sounds of a familiar melody were heard from their window. 3) I reproached me for inattention. 4) He is a braggart: he always praises him himself. 5) We have been friends with them for a long time. 6) They were waiting for him.
Indicate the pronoun in which the mistake was made:1)
A) nothing to take;
B) nothing to believe in;
C) not adapted to anything;
D) no one to help;
D) some circumstances;
E) there is no one to blame;
G) under no circumstances;
C) do not tell anyone;
i) for no reason.
2)
Indicate the pronoun in which the mistake was made:
A) contact someone
B) nothing scared;
B) anything interesting
D) was guilty of something;
D) any person
E) do not ask anything;
G) some people;
H) in someone's hands;
i) didn't understand something.
3)
Indicate errors in the characterization of pronouns:
A) any event (n.f.-any, definitive, singular, neuter, etc., is a definition);
B) in several places (n.f-several, relative; in the previous definition)
C) near those houses (n.f-that, demonstrative; in singular, genitive. Case., yavl. Definition).
4)
Point out the sentences in which mistakes are made in the use of pronouns.
a) They have no hope of salvation.
B) this incident had to be recalled again.
C) at the first meeting she held out her hand.
D) their views were not shared by the majority of those present
D) he had guests that day
5) indicate the sentences in which the mistake was made.
a) I don't like it here
B) several athletes received awards
C) they didn’t remember anyone during the trip
D) he didn’t even know about some facts
D) he treated certain people with respect
Please help, I will be very grateful: *^^
The reflexive pronoun self refers to the person being spoken about. It has no nominative case, has no gender and number, for example: Do not praise yourself (yourself). Don't praise yourself. Take it. In a sentence myself is an addition.
401 . Read the playful poem "Yourself." How many times the pronoun is repeated myself? Determine its case. Have you ever found yourself in the position of a little Python?
402 . Insert the pronoun yourself in the correct form and indicate its case. Give the initial form of the underlined pronoun.
1. For - - to live - smolder, for this .. and - g..ret, and for the people - sv..tit. 2. (Do not) shout about - -, let others (about) tell you at least quietly. 3. There is no better joke.. 3 than over - -. 4. Who only about - - cotton ..t, he does not want to know about others.
(Proverbs.)
403 . Replace the highlighted words with phraseological units with the pronoun yourself, underline them as members of the sentence. Which of the phraseological turns negatively characterizes a person?
1. This person cunning and secretive. 2. Everything was arranged without special efforts. 3. Rider not soon came to his senses after falling off a horse. 4. Read silently (not aloud). 5. After an illness, a boy looks bad.
Reference: to come to your senses, to your mind, of course, to yourself, not like yourself.
404 . Eliminate errors in the use of pronouns.
Samples:
1) The student took out a textbook from the briefcase and put it (briefcase or textbook?) on the desk.- The student took out a textbook from the briefcase and put the book on the desk.
Or: The student took a book out of the briefcase and put it on the desk..
2) The coach asked the guys to take the sports equipment to themselves (to the guys or to the coach?) .- The coach asked the guys to take the sports equipment to themselves.
Or: The coach asked the guys to take the sports equipment to him.
1. The carpenter took a planer out of the box and floored it (box or planer?) on a workbench. 2. The hunter removed the cap..k from the golden eagle's head and threw it (cap..k or a golden eagle?) into the air. 3. The builders watched the film in the new cinema ... From it (from the film or the cinema?) They left an indelible impression. 4. The teacher offered 2 Misha and Kolya to take the notebook to their place (to the teacher or to Misha?) home. 5. The neighbor tried to force his sister to pour water for himself (neighbor or sister?). 6. Petya told the brothers to buy themselves (Petya or brothers?) new fountain pens.
405 . Review the drawings. Write to them story on the topic "How I once helped my mother."
Please note that the story must be in the 1st person. Think about the situation in which, to whom exactly (mother, brother, friend, cheerful company, etc.) you will tell. You can tell how it all started, how events developed, what is the most critical moment (culmination) in their development and how it all ended. What parts of the story can include dialogue, a description of the scene? How would you describe the most poignant moment in the development of the action - with humor, fear, with a sense of surprise, etc.? Use synonyms from the box in your essay if you need to. Underline the personal pronouns in your essay.