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For those who wish to receive a reward equal to the fast of a whole year
As we know, for a Muslim who strives for constancy in worship, diligence in cleansing the heart and the pleasure of Allah, there are additional types of worship in Sharia. When leaving worship, the servant of Allah moves away from inner purity, and the more a person worships, the more spiritually cleansed, and therefore pious people are soft, kind, hospitable.
Fast- this is worship that spiritually cleanses a person from vices, so the month Ramadan This is the month of spiritual cleansing. After the month of Ramadan comes the month of Shawwal, which also has a unique opportunity for Muslims to get closer to Allah. The opportunity lies in observing six days of fasting. The importance of observing such a fast was emphasized by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself. For minimal efforts, Allah promises numerous rewards - this is infinite mercy to us and an obvious sign that Allah is looking for the slightest opportunity to bring His servants closer to Himself. Of course, there is no fixed period for worship, a Muslim should try to worship all his life. One scholar was asked about people who worship and strive only in the month of Ramadan, to which he replied: “The worst people are those who truly know about Allah only in the month of Ramadan, the truly righteous are those who worship and strive all the years.”
The resumption of fasting after Ramadan is a sign of the acceptance by the Almighty of the fasts observed in Ramadan. Indeed, when Allah accepts a good deed of a slave, He gives him the opportunity to do other good deeds. Here's what some people in the know said: “The reward for good deeds is the opportunity to do more good deeds after the first one. Who will do good, and then another - this is a sign of acceptance of the first good deed. And whoever does good, then bad - this is a sign of rejection of a good deed.
This is the boundless mercy of Allah to us, and we should not forget to give praise for it. When some righteous ancestors spent the night in worship, the next day they fasted - by fasting they gave praise to the Almighty for the fact that Allah gave them the opportunity to worship at night. May Allah give us the opportunity to fast in the month of Shawwal.
The Wisdom of Fasting in Shawwala
The wisdom of fasting six days in Shawwal is the same as the wisdom of all the other additional desirable deeds that Allah has legitimized to supplement the obligatory deeds through this. A desirable fast is like nafl prayers performed after the obligatory prayers in order to make up for the shortcomings that were made in the obligatory prayers. It is the mercy of Allah that He has established desirable deeds for obligatory deeds, through which fullness is achieved in obligatory deeds and by which omissions are made up.
The merit of such a post
We know from hadith that a person who observes these days of fasting after observing a monthly fast in Ramadan receives the reward of fasting for a whole year.
Abu Ayub al-Ansari reports that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
“The one who fasts the month of Ramadan and after it fasts six days of Shawwal is equal to the one who fasted throughout the year” (Ahmad, No. 23533).
Ibn Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
“He who fasted in the month of Ramadan and then fasted for six days in Shawwal is cleansed from sins from the day of his birth” (Targib).
Ibn Khuzayma narrated :
“Fasting the month of Ramadan is a reward of ten more like it, observing six days of fasting is a reward of two months, and this is fasting a year” (Shahru Ramadan shahru al-Hadi wal Furqan).
Imam an-Nawawi, explaining this hadeeth, said:
“And this is like a whole year, because for every one good deed a reward is recorded - ten like it, for the month of Ramadan - ten months like it, and for six days - two months like it” (“Shahru Ramadan shahru al-Hadi wal Furqan”) .
Note:
Whoever has missed fasts in the month of Ramadan is obliged to make up for them. If you make an intention to compensate for the farz fast, then you can also receive a reward for the desired one. It is advisable to start fasting immediately after the holiday, it is not necessary to fast in a row, but it is desirable.
The intention is done like this: “I intend to fast in the month of Shawwal for the sake of Allah.”
The calendar is one of the essential elements of every person's daily life. Muslims have their own system of chronology, based on which they observe certain religious prescriptions.
Most of the world's countries today use the Gregorian solar calendar, which counts from the birth of Jesus Christ (Prophet Isa, r.a.) and includes 12 months (365 or 366 days). In Islam, it is taken as a basis, counting the days from the moment of the Hijra - the migration of the Prophet Muhammad (SV) and the first Muslims from Mecca to Medina, which occurred in 622 according to the Gregorian calendar (it is called Miladi). The key difference is that the Muslim calendar is shorter than the Gregorian one by 11-12 days, so the onset of certain religiously significant events occurs on different dates of the Gregorian calendar.
At the same time, Muslims do not have a universal unified Islamic calendar, since different methods are used to determine the new month. Some theologians argue that this moment comes when a new moon is visible in the sky. Others believe that in this case one should resort to the latest technologies and determine the onset of the month by satellite. It is the presence of these disagreements that leads to the fact that the same event (for example, the onset of the month of Ramadan, the celebration of Uraza-Bayram, and so on) in different states and even regions of one country occurs at different times.
The Muslim calendar, like the Gregorian, has 12 months. God's final revelation says:
“Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve. So it was written in Scripture on the day when Allah created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are forbidden months" (9:36)
Features of each month
1. Muharram
The Islamic calendar begins with the month of Muharram. It occupies a special position and is one of the four forbidden months in Islam, which are mentioned in the aforementioned verse. Their prohibition is due to the fact that our Creator has imposed a ban on conflicts and warfare in these months.
The month of Muharram, which stands out in particular in Islam, carries great dignity for the faithful. For example, this period is considered very favorable for those who are going to hold an additional post. The final Messenger of God (s.g.v.) explained: “After Ramadan, the best way to fast is Muharram - the month of the Lord” (hadith from Muslim and Abu Dawood).
Separately, Muslims single out the day of Ashura in the month of Muharram, which falls on its tenth day. The significance of this date is evidenced by the fact that many important events in the history of Islam fall precisely on (in 2019 it is September 9). Fasting on the 10th of the month of Muharram is believed to expiate the sins of the whole year. As evidence, a reliable saying of the Prophet Muhammad (s.g.v.) is cited: “The one who fasts on the day of Ashura, sins are forgiven for a year” (hadith from Muslim, at-Tirmidhi and Ahmad). However, Shia theologians argue that fasting on this day should not be observed, since this is the date of the tragic death of Imam Hussein, who is especially revered by Shiite Muslims.
2. Safar
The second month of the Islamic lunar calendar is Safar. Among the Arabs of the pre-Islamic period, it was considered a month of disasters, and therefore during this period they tried not to go on long journeys, not to marry, etc. The Mercy of the Worlds Muhammad (s.g.v.) dispelled these prejudices, declaring: “There are no bad signs of the month of Safar” (Muslim).
It should be remembered that everything in this world comes from our Creator, no matter what month it is.
3. Rabi ul-Awwal
In the Muslim calendar, the third month is the month of Rabi ul-Awwal, significant, first of all, because in this month another Final Messenger of the Almighty Muhammad (S.G.V.) was born and passed into the world. Referring to him with His Revelation, Allah indicates:
"We sent you only as a mercy to the worlds" (21:107)
By the way, Muslims living mainly in the states of the post-Soviet space, as well as in a number of other countries, celebrate (November 8)- Birthday of your Prophet (S.G.V.). However, theologians from the Arab world categorically oppose its celebration. As an argument, they cite a hadith that reads: “Indeed, Allah replaced them (holidays) with two better days: the Day of Conversation and the Day of Sacrifice” (Abu Dawud).
4. Rabi ul-Ahir
The fourth month of the year in the Muslim chronology is Rabi ul-Ahir, also called Rabi us-Sani. Its name means "last spring" or "second spring" and implies a continuation of the previous month.
5. Jumad al-Ula
The next month of the Islamic calendar is Jumad al-Ula (sometimes called Jumad al-Awwal). The Arabic word "jumada" is used for drought. In this month, as a rule, in pre-Islamic Arabia (from where the names of all months are preserved) there was a drought.
6. Jumad al-Ahir
The sixth month of the calendar is Jumad al-Ahir (or Jumad al-Sani). This month, like the previous one, was considered by the Arabs of the times of the Jahiliyya to be the driest, in connection with which they received such names. In the month of Jumad al-Ahir, another closest associate of Muhammad (s.g.v.) and the first righteous caliph, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (r.a.), passed into the world.
7. Rajab
The second half of the lunar year begins with the month of Rajab. Like Muharram, it is included in the list of forbidden months in Islam, during which it is strictly forbidden to wage wars. So, there is a Qur'anic verse:
“They ask you about the battle in the forbidden month. Say: "Fighting this month is a great crime" (2:217)
In the hadiths, one can find the words of the Messenger of the Almighty about the desirability of keeping the uraza in the forbidden months, which include Rajab. “Fast on certain days of the reserved months!” (Abu Dawud). However, many theologians called this hadeeth weak.
Significant events in the history of Islam fell on the month of Rajab. For example, on his 1st Friday comes - the date of marriage by the parents of the Final Messenger of God. Some theologians elevate it to the level of a holiday, while others note that this night is only a memorable date, which means that this date should not be celebrated.
On the 27th of the month of Rajab, the famous night journey of the Prophet Muhammad (S.G.V.) - Isra, as well as his ascension to heaven - took place. This event is one of the greatest miracles in the history of Islam and is mentioned in the Qur'an:
“Exalted is He Who transferred His servant at night to show him some of Our signs from the Sacred Mosque to the mosque of al-Aqsa, the surroundings of which We bestowed a blessing” (17:1)
8. Shaaban
The eighth Muslim month comes immediately before the holy Ramadan. During Shaaban, believers prepare to observe the upcoming obligatory fast. Preparation includes, among other things, fasting on certain days. So did the Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.v.).
It is narrated from the words of Aisha bint Abu Bakr (r.a.): “I did not see that the Prophet Muhammad fasted throughout the month, except for the month of Ramadan, and I did not see that in any month he fasted more than in Shaabane" (hadith reported by al-Bukhari and Muslim).
In addition, the faithful in this month should pay no less attention to worship. Mercy of the worlds Muhammad (s.g.v.) emphasized: “Our Lord descends in the middle of the night of the month of Shaaban and forgives the sins of all His creatures, except for the polytheist and the adherent of innovations!” (Ibn Maja).
9. Ramadan
The most significant for Muslims around the world is the Holy month of Ramadan (Ramadan). Its importance is due to the fact that it was during these 30 days of the Islamic calendar that the last Book of Allah was revealed to mankind.
The exclusivity of Ramadan is described in the hadiths: “When Ramadan comes, the gates of Paradise open, the gates of Hell close, and the devils are chained” (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
The most important element of this month is the obligatory fast, which serves as one of the pillars of Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) once said: “Indeed, there is a gate in Paradise called “ar-Rayyan”, through which fasting people will enter on the Day of Resurrection, and no one will enter through this gate except them” (al -Bukhari and Muslim).
In addition, it is on the 9th month of the Islamic calendar that the best night of the year falls - (The Night of Predestination). Her greatness is already indicated by the fact that an entire Qur'anic sura is dedicated to her:
“Indeed, We sent down it (the Qur'an) on the night of predestination (or power, majesty). How could you know what the night of predestination is? The Night of Destiny is better than a thousand months. On this night, the angels and the Spirit (Jibril) descend with the permission of their Lord, according to all His commands. She is prosperous until dawn.” (Sura 97)
These verses directly indicate that Laylat ul-Qadr exceeds 1000 months in terms of its goodness, and this corresponds to more than 83 years - almost a whole human life. And every positive deed that is done on this night will turn out to be a much greater blessing for the servant of Allah than the good deeds performed by him throughout his earthly life.
In Ramadan, believers should be zealous in reading the verses and suras of the Holy Book, read (preferably with a jamaat) tarawih prayers, and perform other good deeds, since for them you can count on a multifold reward from the Creator. (In 2019, the month of Ramadan begins on May 6 and the first day of fasting falls on this date).
10. Shawwal
The month of Shawwal following Ramadan is also considered special in the life of the Ummah. First of all, this is due to the fact that on the 1st of this month one of the most important Islamic holidays is celebrated - the Day of breaking the fast. (Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Fitr, which in 2019 falls on June 4 and is celebrated for the next two days).
Secondly, in Shawwal, Muslims are advised to observe 6 days of Uraza. Together with fasting in the month of Ramadan, they give a reward equivalent to the savab received for a year of fasting. The basis for this assertion is contained in the hadith: “If someone observed the fast in Ramadan and added six days of fasting to it in the month of Shawwal, he will receive such a reward as if he had been fasting all year” (Muslim).
11. Zul Qaeda
The eleventh month of the Islamic calendar is Zul Qaeda, the third forbidden month after Muharram and Rajab. During it, it is forbidden to conduct hostilities and enter into conflicts.
12. Dhul-Hijja
The final month of the year in the Islamic chronology plays a huge role in the life of the ummah, since it accounts for the performance of important religious rites.
Firstly, Zul-Hijja is the month of one of the pillars of Islam - the pilgrimage ().
Secondly, the first 9 days of this month are singled out separately: “No matter what days righteous deeds are performed, Allah loves doing them most of all on these days,” says the hadith cited by al-Bukhari. The believers are advised to spend this time period in fasting, to be diligent in worship, to help those in need, to implement other deeds pleasing to Allah.
A special place in the initial decade of the month of Zul-Hijjah is occupied by Arafah Day (in 2019 falls on August 10). To the one who holds the eye on this day, by the grace of the Lord, all the sins that he committed in 2 years will be forgiven. Confirmation of this can be found in the hadith: “Fasting on the day of Arafah serves as an atonement for the sins of the past and future years” (Muslim).
Well, the most important date at the end of the Muslim lunar year falls on the 10th of the month of Zul-Hijja, when the second of the greatest holidays in Islam is celebrated - the Day of Sacrifice (Eid al-Adha, Kurban Bayram, which in 2019 is celebrated from August 11 to 14).
In a hadith narrated from Hazrat Abu Ayub, Radya Allah anhu, it is reported that a person who, at the end of the fast in Ramadan, keeps 6 days of fasting in the month of Shawwal, will be similar to one who fasted all year.
This is another great mercy of Allah, bestowing upon us according to His Generosity. Doing just a little and getting fifty times the reward for it is a good investment and a great deal.
In this regard, we receive many questions about how to keep this fast: continuously or at intervals, after the restoration of Ramadan debts or before, on what days, at what time, and so on.
For this reason, we have decided to clarify the most frequently asked questions.
1. In accordance with the Hanafi madhhab, it is allowed to keep an additional fast in the month of Shawwal until the missed days of fasting in Ramadan are restored.
Women, travelers, as well as those who missed a few days of fasting in Ramadan due to illness, or any other good reason, and even those who missed fasting without a good reason, can fast in the month of Shawwal, subject to the mandatory subsequent recovery of all fasting debts in Ramadan until next Ramadan.
However, if possible, making up the missed Ramadan fasts and then continuing the 6 days of fasting in the month of Shawwal is preferable.
However, it is permissible to do the opposite if a person does not have time, or is afraid that he will not have time to hold 6 days of Shawwal until the end of the month.
2. Fasting in the month of Shawwal is kept only in the month of Shawwal. If a person did not have time to do this before the end of the month, there is no sin on him, since this fast is not obligatory. Fasting in the month of Shawwal can be kept immediately after the day of the celebration of Eid al-Fitr (Oraza Ait), and this is the first day of the holiday.
That is, starting from the second day of the month of Shawwal, a person can begin to restore the missed days of the fast of Ramadan and to the additional fast of Shawwal.
3. Those who did not fast at all in the month of Ramadan may also fast in the month of Shawwal, even if they missed the obligatory fast without a good reason.
However, they will not be rewarded as they would be for a year of fasting, as this required fasting in Ramadan, as reported in the hadeeth.
However, they will receive, insha Allah, a reward for 6 days of fasting in Shawwal, however, it would be better for them to restore the missed Ramadan, since leaving the obligatory one is a great sin before Allah.
4. All 6 days of fasting Shawwal can be kept both continuously and at intervals. You should not fast only on Friday, unless at least one more day is added to it. For example, Thursday-Friday or Friday-Saturday. In this case, it will be permissible to fast on Friday.
If a person does not have any debts for Ramadan, he can fast on Mondays and Thursdays, since fasting on these days is also Sunnah. However, this is just one of the possible forms. On which days to keep an additional six-day fast is a personal matter for everyone, in accordance with his desires and capabilities.
5. Fasting in the month of Shawwal, as well as fasting in the month of Ramadan, or fasting in any other month, is performed from the time of Fajr to the time of Maghrib.
In order to find out when the Fajr and Maghreb time comes, you need to go to our website and select your city in the "Prayer Times and Qibla" section. After that, the schedule will display the prayer times for your city, and you can find out when the Fajr and Maghreb times come in your city.
So, Fajr time is the start time of fasting. This means that before this time, it is necessary to complete suhoor (the pre-dawn meal) and all other actions that break the fast (intimacy with a spouse, swallowing toothpaste while brushing your teeth, and so on).
All actions that break the Ramadan fast also break any other fast.
Maghrib time is the end of the fast. After the onset of this time, a person can perform all actions permitted outside the fast.
And may Allah accept your fast and reward you in both worlds!
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