What is the name of the umbrella mushroom. Edible umbrella mushroom: description and photo. Mushroom sauce with pickles

Many mushroom pickers do not take these mushrooms seriously. Novice collectors are afraid to confuse them with fly agarics and get poisoned. Mushroom pickers with experience recognize only "real" mushrooms such as porcini and saffron mushrooms, and do not even look towards the less well-known ones. In fact, umbrellas are delicious delicacy mushrooms. And you will learn how to find and cook them correctly from this article.

Where can you find umbrella mushroom

Umbrellas are a very unusual type of mushroom. Huge mushroom caps scattered across a meadow or copse resemble space flying saucers. And this is their main distinguishing feature. Connoisseurs of these mushrooms claim that they have a very refined taste. To some, it resembles a chicken, and to someone a flounder. Their smell has been compared to a subtle nutty aroma. And with such qualities they are very different from their forest counterparts (whites, boletus and others).

These mushrooms are distributed almost all over the world, where there is fertile soil, humus, and a humid environment. They grow in more often mixed and almost always in deciduous forest zones. But they can also be found in fields, meadows, pastures, squares and city parks.

Some species grow even in the absence of light in basements (like champignons). To date, eleven species of umbrella mushrooms are known. They are found throughout Russia, in Europe, America, as well as in some Asian countries (Iran, Turkey). Seven types of umbrellas grow in Russia.

What do umbrella mushrooms look like?

True edible umbrellas are difficult to confuse with other mushrooms due to their large size. The diameter of the hat can vary from ten to thirty centimeters. The mushroom at a young age has the shape of an egg, then the cap takes the form of a bell. As the hat grows, it opens up and becomes flat. It is dry to the touch, sometimes it can be mucous. The skin of the cap is covered with thin large scales. Color - white, brown, maybe slightly yellowish or reddish. The plates and spores are white clean.

The stem of the mushroom is from ten to thirty centimeters high (in large mushrooms). The thickness of the legs is 2-3 centimeters. At the top there is a wide movable ring that does not disappear as it grows. The leg is also covered with scales.

edible umbrellas

There are several most common types of edible umbrellas.

Umbrella white field (meadow)

This mushroom is found from spring to late autumn. Grows in meadows, forests, steppe zone. In Russia, it can be seen in the forests of Siberia, Primorye, the European part and the North Caucasus. The usual size of this mushroom (according to the size of the cap) is no more than ten centimeters. The largest white umbrellas can be found on humus soils (most often in the steppe.) There their maximum size is 15-20 centimeters.

Like all types of umbrella mushrooms, in whites the cap is spherical at first, but straightens as it grows. There is a cone-shaped tubercle in the center of the cap. The stem of the mushroom is thin, low, white or beige. Fruiting lasts from the beginning of summer (June) to the end of October.

Blushing Shaggy Umbrella Mushroom

Much appreciated by umbrella lovers. The mushroom has a pleasant smell and taste. Distributed in forests, on humus-rich soil. It can be found in greenhouses and greenhouses, with soil imported from forests. In such conditions, it grows like a mushroom. Fruiting from mid-summer (July) to late October.

The mushroom is quite large and fleshy. Hat from ten to 20 centimeters in circumference. The color is grayish-brown or gray-ocher. The surface is cracked, with large brown scales. Thick friable pulp, in the air, when broken, acquires a reddish tint.

The height of the mushroom is 10-30 centimeters.

Colorful umbrella (large)

Large view of umbrellas. It grows everywhere - in forests, fields, gardens, vegetable gardens, meadows. Can grow singly, can grow in groups-rings.

The mushroom cap is very large - up to thirty centimeters in diameter. First in the form of a large egg, then it opens to a large bell. When ripe, the mushroom becomes like an open umbrella. The color is grayish, in the center of the cap there is a tubercle. The pulp of a young mushroom is white friable. In older mushrooms, it becomes dense and rigid, cartilaginous. Leg long up to thirty centimeters in height.

Fruiting lasts from August to October.

A rare copy, listed in the Red Book. It is found in Russia only in the southern regions of the Far East. It grows mainly in coniferous and coniferous-mixed forests. Can grow singly and in groups. Often artificially bred in nature reserves.

The mushroom is not large. The hat is 5-10 centimeters in diameter, with brown scales. The height of the leg is not more than fifteen centimeters, 2-5 cm thick. The smell of the mushroom is pleasant.

In addition to forest collection, umbrellas can be grown in your garden. It is enough to use the purchased mycelium or transfer part of the soil with umbrella spores from the forest to your site. In order for the mushrooms to germinate, they need to be covered with leaves, shavings and watered abundantly.

poisonous umbrellas

In nature, there are not only edible umbrellas, but also their poisonous species. Some can be fatal, others cause poisoning.

Comb umbrella (lepiota)

From June to the end of October, it grows in meadows, pastures, copses. It has an unpleasant smell of rotting radish. Inedible. Causes intoxication in the body - vomiting, diarrhea, fever, headache.

In appearance, it is similar to its edible counterparts, but smaller. The hat is no more than 3-5 cm in diameter. Color whitish, grey, beige. The cap has many brownish scales.

It has white thin flesh. The stem is about five centimeters high and one centimeter wide. The stem ring is white or reddish, disappearing when ripe.

Chestnut or red-brown lepiota (umbrella)

Poisonous fungus that causes death after ingestion. It grows in mixed forests of the temperate climate zone. It is found in Eastern and Western Siberia, as well as in European countries. Fruiting from mid-summer (end of June - July) to autumn (first frost).

Mushroom medium size. A hat with a diameter of up to 5 cm. As soon as it begins to grow, it looks like a bell, but then gradually opens up to an umbrella. The cap has many brownish scales, which are darker in color than the cap. The flesh is reddish.

The leg is not more than ten centimeters high, brownish or pinkish, fragile. It has a white ring that disappears as the fungus grows.

In order not to confuse an edible mushroom with its poisonous counterpart, collect as much information as possible, look at a lot of pictures.

And in this video, an experienced mushroom picker tells how and where to pick mushrooms umbrellas, and how to distinguish them from fly agarics:

mushroom processing

Since the mushrooms are quite fragile, they must be very carefully put into the basket in order to bring them home as a whole, and not crumbled.

Mushroom processing:

• cut off the legs (it is better to do this in the forest);
• wash the hats in running water, cleaning out the forest rubbish;
• cut out black places, cut off the dark top where spores are contained;
• cut into several pieces.

Cultivation of umbrella mushroom

Despite the fact that umbrellas belong to the champignon family, their cultivation has not happened. Rare attempts by individual amateurs to grow this mushroom on their plots did not make its cultivation a business (unlike its closest relatives of champignons).

But you can try to grow an umbrella on your site. Of course, you are unlikely to get a big harvest, but you can please yourself with delicious dishes (if you're lucky).

Mushrooms are grown by propagation in two ways:

• Through the mycelium. This is the underground part of the rhizomes into which the mushrooms (their colony) are connected.
• Through controversy. These are such small particles in a mushroom cap. Umbrellas are clearly visible.

Reproduction through spores

When propagating through the spores of the umbrella, it is necessary to do such a manipulation.

In the forest, find an old overripe umbrella mushroom, in a flabby, drooping state. Bring his hat to the site and hang it over the place where it is planned to grow mushrooms (for example, by sticking it on a branch or passing it through a rope). The mushroom will dry, the spores will spill out onto the ground, so the sowing will take place.

The planting bed must be well prepared. Since the umbrella loves calcined soil, it must be fertilized with calcium. In addition, you can add concentrated additives that are used to grow champignons. After all, these mushrooms are from the same family.

Umbrella mushrooms have their own Latin name. The initial part of the word - macro - is translated as large. The second means - a variety or genus of plants. In general - macrolepiota. The umbrella was named because of the similarity of the shape of the dome, the head of the mushroom.

Umbrellas stand on thin long legs with a large hat, shaped like a dome of a rain device. Groups are divided into edible and poisonous. Separate subgroups are allocated in a special variety - delicacy. The diameter of the cap can reach up to 35 cm, the leg grows up to 40 cm. The shape of the head is similar to half an egg. Small umbrellas have a special proximity to the dome of half an egg. The main characteristics of the appearance:

• The skin color of the dome is white;
• On the dome there are growths of various ornate non-geometric shapes;
• The tone of the growths is pale brown;
• The head gradually cracks, dividing into raised scales;
• the base can be flat and straight or somewhat curved;
• The leg cavity is empty;
• Under the dome on the leg is a fringe resembling a skirt;
• The fringe ring is easy to move.
• The bottom of the head - parallel plates.
• The color of the plates is perfectly white.

The fungus can be found almost all over the world. Being saprophytes, umbrellas grow on any type of soil and various parts of the forest belt. Mushrooms are well cultivated, so they can be grown near the house, in household plots or special greenhouse buildings.

The umbrella was named because of the similarity of the shape of the dome, the head of the mushroom

Edible mushroom umbrellas

Mushroom-umbrella white (field)

The field variety is common in certain areas:

• steppe areas;
• coniferous and mixed forests;
• clearings of forest roads;
• animal pastures and pastures;
• glades.

You can find field umbrellas from the beginning of summer to the end of October. The field species has a thick, fleshy main part, up to 12 cm in diameter. At first, the cap has elongated circles, then it becomes lower and flatter. A dark mound appears in the center of the dome. On the edge - white fibers, formations in the form of flakes. On the cut, the color of the cap pulp does not change. It rises up to 12 cm, the dome is dense - up to 1.2 cm. The white, smooth and hollow leg stands firmly. If you touch it, the surface begins to turn yellow or acquires a brown tint. The plates change with age: first - white, then - cream, at the end - brown. Umbrella pulp with a pleasant aroma and tart taste.

Gallery: umbrella mushroom (25 photos)

Properties of umbrella mushrooms (video)

Due to the peculiarities of taste, the field view is a component of the gourmet cuisine of China. In addition, the white species grows in other countries:

• Europe;
• Iran;
• Turkey;
• Siberia;
• Far East;
• America;
• Africa.

Experienced foresters warn of a similar description to the toadstool: stinky fly agaric. The forest guest, deadly for humans, has a bag-like coating that goes into the ground. The hat is slimy and strewn with film flakes.

Mushroom-umbrella white (field)

Mushroom umbrella graceful (thin)

The species is included in the edible variety and grows in open glades of low grass in forests, field and meadow areas. Collected from August to October. The appearance and name are synonymous - a thin curved leg and an elegant head. The shape of the dome is similar to a field bell, gradually expanding during growth and becoming almost flat. Scaly formations on the dome of an icteric shade. Circumference up to 15 cm. The fringe skirt is white and fluffy. Scales fill not only the hat, but also the leg. Gradually, the yellow tone changes, darkens to brown. The pulp during cooking is pleasant, with a special unique aroma. The color of the mushroom pulp is bright white.

Mushroom umbrella graceful (thin)

Konrad's parasol mushroom

Prefers to grow in forested areas. The fleshy head at a young age is more rounded and ovoid, then straightens, in the center there is a protruding tubercle, similar to a baby's nipple. The skin is white or gray-dirty, in the center it can be pink or black-brown. The skin does not reach the edges of the cap. The pulp does not change color after cutting the mushroom. The leg rises to 15 cm. It has a brown color, brown scales. The skirt can be moved. It is light on top and brown on the bottom. The plates are white and cream in color. Umbrellas are found in European and Asian countries.

Konrad's parasol mushroom

Mushroom-umbrella reddening (shaggy)

The edible species prefers soils rich in humus. The name was given because of the change in the color of the dome. Shaggy hat becomes gradually reddish. The edges of the cap are tucked inward, gradually they straighten and crack. The skin is covered with scales and takes on a shaggy appearance. The taste is pleasant and bright mushroom aroma.

Mushroom-umbrella reddening (shaggy)

Mushroom-umbrella girlish

A kind of reddening umbrella. The species is very rare and protected. The shape of the hat has a fringe along the edges. The surface is light and white. Scales are fibrous. The smell is similar to radish. Height up to 12-16 cm. The plates are free white or pink.

How and when to pick mushrooms umbrellas (video)

Inedible and poisonous umbrella mushrooms

False mushrooms are similar to edible species in appearance. Doubles with poisonous properties are dangerous and bring death and serious complications to a person.

Fly agaric smelly

Other name - . The fungus is highly toxic, if ingested leads to death or serious poisoning. All components differ in shades: gray, dirty. Hat - the hemispheres becomes convex, the color changes from white to pale pink or gray. The ring on the stem is membranous, quickly disappears, leaving fragments of fibers.

Fly agaric smelly

Fly agaric panther (gray)

The poison dome hat is hemispherical in shape, which flattens with age. In addition, it is gradually torn to pieces. The mushroom is poisonous and dangerous to humans. Even a small amount, getting into food, leads to death. The leg lacks a velvety ring. The head is lamellar and white, sometimes brown spots are clearly expressed on it. The pulp is unpleasant in aroma, it tastes sweet. When cut, the flesh remains white.

Fly agaric panther (gray)

Chlorophyllum dark brown

A dangerous species similar to umbrella mushrooms. The hat has the same scaly plates. The color of the dome is close to edible - gray-brown. The shape of the head is also similar. The leg is denser and thicker, towards the ground it begins to thicken and form a tuber. Mushrooms have hallucinogenic properties. Its toxicity has not been fully studied, so the effect on humans is very dangerous and should be avoided.

Chlorophyllum dark brown

Chlorophyllum lead slag

The shape of the cap makes the mushroom look like umbrellas at a young age. White ovoid heads. The legs are thin and smooth, in the upper part under the head there is a skirt. The flesh changes from cutting, becomes reddish. The pulp has no taste or smell. False umbrella changes color when pressed turns yellow or brown.

Chlorophyllum lead slag

Methods for preparing edible umbrellas

Umbrella mushrooms have excellent taste characteristics. Only young specimens are collected for cooking. Start cooking with heat treatment. For umbrellas choose a large number of technologies:

• pickled;
• dried;
• salty;
• boiled.

Dishes from umbrella edible mushrooms:

• broths;
• sauces;
• second;
• salads;
• toppings for pancakes and pies.

Only young specimens are harvested for cooking

fried

You will need the following components:

• umbrella varieties - 1 kg;
• butter -50 g, vegetable oil - 100 g;
• chicken eggs - 3 pcs.;
• flour - 5 tablespoons;
• milk - 50 ml.

Salt and pepper are added to taste.

For frying, only the upper heads are taken, they are cleaned of surface scales, washed and cut into equal parts. Mushrooms are dipped in a whipped mass of chicken eggs, fresh milk and high-quality flour. Fry, alternating different types of oils. Salt and black pepper are placed on the mushroom parts on both sides. It turns out the similarity of cooking with meat in batter. The hot surface of the pan and individual parts of the hats. Fry until golden brown.

For frying, only the upper heads are taken, they are cleaned of surface scales, washed and cut into equal parts.

Umbrella motley

They take large hats, up to 40 cm in diameter. For one serving, 1 head is enough. Dish ingredients:

• colorful umbrellas - 700 g;
• chicken eggs - 2 pieces;
• bulbs - 2 pieces;
• flour - 3 tbsp. spoons;
• hard cheeses - 200 g;
• rast. oil - 100 ml.

For special taste sensations, grass is added - spices, pepper and salt. Hats are cleaned and washed. The eggs are beaten together with the flour mass, creating a homogeneous mixture, which is salted, peppered and saturated with spices. The peculiarity of the technology is that the heads are not boiled in advance, but are immediately placed on the hot surface of the pan. Roast on low heat. The onion is chopped and placed in a ready-made dish, covered with grated cheese on top. The whole mass is covered with a lid and left to stew until the cheese mass is completely melted. In plates, along with mushrooms, green leaves of grass are beautifully arranged.

Umbrella mushrooms belong to the Champignon family and owe their name to the original appearance. Indeed, these edible mushrooms resemble umbrellas opened during the rain. These gifts of the forest have a delicious taste, which is why they are extremely appreciated by lovers of "quiet hunting".

On this page, you can learn what umbrella mushrooms look like, where they grow, and how to distinguish umbrella mushrooms from other mushrooms. You can also get acquainted with the photo and description of umbrella mushrooms of various types (white, variegated and blushing).

White parasol mushroom cap (Macrolepiota excoriata) (diameter 7-13 cm): usually grey-white, fleshy, with loose scales, may be cream or light brown. In young mushrooms, it has the shape of an egg, with time it becomes almost flat, with a distinct brown tubercle in the center.

Pay attention to the photo of the porcini umbrella mushroom: the edges of his cap are covered with whitish fibers.

Leg (height 5-14 cm): hollow, has the shape of a cylinder. Usually slightly curved, white, darker below the ring. It turns visibly brown on touch.

Records: white, very frequent and loose. In an old fungus, they become brown or with a brown tint.

Pulp: white, with a pleasant intolerant smell. When interacting with air, the color on the cut does not change.

The parasol mushroom looks like a variegated species (Macrolepiota procera), but it is much larger. Also, the white variety resembles the mastoid umbrella (Macrolepiota mastoidea), Konrad's umbrella mushroom (Macrolepiota konradii), as well as the inedible poisonous lepiota (Lepiota helveola). The Conrad species has a skin that does not completely cover the hat, the mastoid umbrella has a pointed hat, and the poisonous lepiot is not only much smaller, but also with flesh turning pink at the site of the break or cut.

When growing: from mid-June to early October in almost all countries of the Eurasian continent, as well as in North America, North Africa and Australia.

Where can I find: on relatively free areas of all types of forests - clearings, edges, pastures and meadows.

Eating: usually combined with fish or meat dishes. In adult mushrooms, you need to take only caps, the legs are most often hollow or fibrous. Very tasty mushroom, especially popular in traditional Chinese cuisine.

as a remedy for rheumatism.

Other names: parasol mushroom field.

Edible umbrella mushroom blushing and his photo

Red umbrella mushroom cap (Chlorophyllum rhacodes) (diameter 7-22 cm): beige, gray or light brown, with fibrous scales. In young mushrooms, it has the shape of a small chicken egg, which then slowly expands to a bell-shaped, and then becomes almost flat, as a rule, with tucked edges.

Leg (height 6-26 cm): very smooth, light brown or white, darkens with age.

In the photo of the umbrella mushroom of this variety, it is clearly visible that the hollow, cylindrical leg tapers from the bottom up. Easily separated from the hat.

Records: usually white or cream. When pressed, they acquire an orange, pink or reddish hue.

Pulp: fibrous and brittle, white.

If you look closely at the photo of the blushing umbrella mushroom, then you can see red-brown stains on its cut. This is especially noticeable in the pulp of the leg. It has a pleasant taste and aroma.

Doubles: umbrella mushrooms maiden (Leucoagaricus nympharum), graceful (Macrolepiota gracilenta) and variegated (Macrolepiota procera). The hat of the girl's umbrella is lighter, and the color of its pulp practically does not change at the site of a break or cut. The graceful umbrella mushroom is smaller, the flesh also does not change color. The variegated umbel is larger than the blushing umbel and does not change the color of the flesh when exposed to air. Also, the reddening umbrella mushroom resembles the poisonous Chlorophyllum brunneum and (Chlorophyllum molybdites). But the first chlorophyllum can be distinguished from the reddening umbrella mushroom by the more brown color of the cap and stem, also by the large scales on the cap, and the lead slag grows only in North America.

When growing: from mid-June to early November in European and Asian countries, as well as in North America and North Africa.

Where can I find: prefers fertile and humus-rich soils of deciduous forests. It occurs in meadows, forest clearings or in city parks and squares.

Eating: in almost any form, only it is necessary to clean the mushroom from hard scales.

Application in traditional medicine: does not apply.

Important! According to scientists, the blushing umbrella mushroom can cause severe allergic reactions, so allergy sufferers should be careful when using it.

Other names: shaggy umbrella mushroom.

Motley umbrella mushroom: photo and description

Hat of a motley parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera) (diameter 15-38 cm): fibrous, gray or beige, with dark brown scales. In young mushrooms, it has the shape of a ball or a large chicken egg, then it opens to a cone, then it becomes like an umbrella.

As you can see in the photo of the variegated umbrella mushroom, the edges of its cap are usually bent towards the inside, and in the center there is a dark round tubercle.

Leg (height 10-35 cm): uniform brown. Often with rings of scales, with a ring or the remains of a bedspread on a leg. Hollow and fibrous, cylindrical and easily separated from the cap. At the very base, a rounded thickening is noticeable.

Records: frequent and free, white or light gray. Easily separated from the hat.

Pulp: loose and white. It has a weak but pleasant mushroom aroma, tastes like walnut or champignons.

According to the description, the variegated umbrella mushroom is similar to poisonous chlorophyllums - lead slag (Chlorophyllum molybdites) and Chlorophyllum brunneum. Lead-slag is much smaller than the variegated umbrella mushroom and is found only in North America, and the flesh of Chlorophyllum brunneum changes color when cut or broken. Also, the variegated umbrella mushroom can be confused with the edible elegant umbrella (Macrolepiota gracilenta) and blushing (Chlorophyllum rhacodes). But the graceful one is much smaller, and the blushing one is not only smaller, but also changes the color of the pulp.

When growing: from mid-June to early November in the countries of the Eurasian continent with a temperate climate, as well as in North and South America, Australia, Cuba and Sri Lanka.

Where can I find: on sandy soils and open spaces, not only in forest meadows or edges, but also in city parks and squares.

Eating: after preliminary cleaning from scales, the hats can be used in cooking in almost any form, including cheese. The legs are hard, so they are not eaten. To taste, a motley umbrella resembles champignons. Especially appreciated by French gourmets, who recommend frying it in oil with herbs. The only drawback is that this mushroom is very fried. In Italy, the motley umbrella is called mazza di tamburo ("drumsticks").

Use in traditional medicine (data are not confirmed and have not been clinically tested!): in the form of a decoction as a remedy for the treatment of rheumatism.

Other names: large umbrella mushroom, tall umbrella mushroom, "drum sticks".

Umbrella mushrooms are the fourth category, which belong to the champignon family and have a very original umbrella look and excellent gourmet taste. Experienced mushroom pickers appreciate them very much and consider them to be among the best. Only the caps of young mushrooms can be used for eating, as their flesh has a delicate, friable structure and a pleasant aroma. Legs, as well as old and large specimens, are unsuitable for food and preparations due to their rigidity.

Description of the species

The name of the species justifies itself: an adult mushroom reaches 45 cm in height, and the diameter of its outstretched hat can be more than 35 cm. In size and shape, it really looks like a children's umbrella. Most of the slightly pubescent surface of the caps of young specimens is covered with scales, only the middle remains smooth and has a darker color than the main one. In older mushrooms, the scales usually fall off. On hollow legs, which can be both smooth and ribbed, there are three-layer rings that move freely from bottom to top and back.

Umbrella mushrooms: edible mushrooms (video)

Edible parasol mushrooms

In the groves, forests and fields of our country, there are four types of edible parasol mushrooms, there are also several poisonous varieties.

White

White or field umbrella mushroom (Macrolepiota excoriata) is characterized by a grayish-white or creamy fleshy, scaly cap, ovoid initially and becoming flat as it grows. The plates are often and loosely spaced. In young mushrooms, they are white in color, which eventually becomes brown or brown. The height of a hollow, slightly curved, cylindrical leg of white color ranges from 5 to 15 cm. When pressed, it turns brown. The white pulp has a light, pleasant aroma and its color does not change when cut. Fruiting begins at the end of June and lasts until mid-autumn.

blushing

The hat of the blushing or shaggy umbrella mushroom (Chlorophyllum rhacodes) can be gray, beige or light brown in color and reach a diameter of 7 to 22 cm. Initially, it resembles an egg in shape, later becomes bell-shaped, and at the end of growth completely flat. Smooth hollow legs grow from 6 to 25 cm in height and eventually change color to darker.

Plates of a white or cream shade turn pink or orange when touched. The white flesh of the cap with reddish-brown streaks breaks easily and separates into fibers. It has a pleasant smell and a peculiar taste.

Motley

The diameter of the cap of the motley umbrella mushroom (Macrolepiota procera) ranges from 15 to 30 cm. It is characterized by fibrous, friable flesh of white, grayish or beige color and dark brown scales. Young mushrooms have a hemispherical cap with a dark tubercle in the center, which straightens out over time and resembles an umbrella.

White or gray plates are placed very close to each other. This type of mushroom with a light aroma combines the taste of champignon and walnut. The harvest season starts in June and ends in November.

Maiden

The girl's parasol mushroom (Leucoagaricus puellaris) has a hat with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm. Initially, it is ovoid, and then becomes bell-shaped with a small tubercle in the center. Its edges are covered with fringe. The skin of the white cap is densely strewn with cream-colored scales, which become darker as the fungus grows. The white flesh becomes reddish when cut.

Smooth hollow cylindrical legs, up to 15 cm high and up to 1 cm thick, narrow at the top and thicken at the bottom. Plates are characterized by frequent and free arrangement. This type of mushroom has a sharp smell, and the taste qualities are much less pronounced than the rest. Fruiting lasts from August to October.

Poisonous parasol mushrooms

In addition to delicious edible umbrella mushrooms, there are poisonous ones similar to them, poisoning with which often leads to serious consequences.

Chestnut

Chestnut umbrella mushroom or chestnut leopita (Lepiota castanea) also belongs to the champignon family, but is a poisonous mushroom. He has a very small hat, no more than 5 cm in diameter, bell-shaped, which later becomes flat. On its surface are small fibrous scales of chestnut color, which form concentric rows.

The pulp is white or cream in color and has a rather pleasant smell. The inside of the cap is filled with frequent, wide white plates. The legs, thickened at the bottom, are up to 5 cm high and about 0.5 cm in diameter. The ring that initially forms on it quickly disappears. P bears from July to early September.

Comb

Comb umbrella mushroom or comb leopita (Lepiota cristata) is a member of the champignon family, and although it is less poisonous than chestnut umbrella mushroom, ingestion can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea, and headaches. Its caps barely reach 4 cm in diameter, at first they are ovoid, and then fully open. The skin is white in color and covered with rust-colored scales. Very thin white plates are located quite often. On whitish-red legs up to 4 cm high and about 3 mm in diameter there is a white ring, which disappears over time. Fruiting lasts from July to October.

place of growth

Both edible and false umbrella mushrooms can be found not only in the clearing or edge of a deciduous grove, coniferous or mixed forest, but also in meadows, pastures, and even in city parks and squares. They are especially abundant in warm weather after rain. They prefer fertile soils with a good layer of humus. It is found almost everywhere in our country.

How to cook

Umbrella mushrooms are quick and easy to prepare and can even be eaten raw in salads or on sandwiches. They are fried, stewed, soups are cooked with them, salted, marinated and dried.

Umbrella mushrooms in batter

Dish Ingredients:

• Mushrooms - 500 grams;
• Flour - 2 tablespoons;
• Egg - 3 pieces;
• Bulb (medium) - 2 pieces;
• Cheese (hard varieties) - 200 grams;
• Vegetable oil - 5 tablespoons;
• Table vinegar - 1 tablespoon;
• Salt, black pepper.

Cooking method:

1. Peel the onion, cut into thin half rings, pour vinegar, sprinkle with salt and leave for half an hour to marinate.
2. Peel mushroom caps, wash and dry.
3. Whisk eggs with flour, salt and pepper.
4. Cut large mushrooms into several pieces.
5. Heat oil in a large frying pan, dip each piece of mushroom in batter and fry on both sides for several minutes.
6. Spread the onion over the mushrooms.
7. Grate the cheese on a coarse grater, pour it into the pan on the onions with fried mushrooms, turn off the heat and hold them on the stove for about five minutes so that the cheese melts.

You can serve such mushrooms to the table both hot and cold, sprinkled with chopped herbs. The dish turns out to be very original, it tastes like chicken meat chops, and its preparation takes a minimum of time.

Mushroom "Umbrella" belongs to the genus Champignons, but it is completely different from them with its exotic appearance, more precisely, with an unusually shaped hat that resembles an umbrella in shape. In our forests you can find "Umbrellas" edible and poisonous. Due to their excellent taste, their edible varieties are highly valued among experienced mushroom pickers. Grow almost all over the globe in mixed and deciduous forests, less common in parks and meadows.

In forests, they grow in areas where there are clusters of leaves or branches. The largest mushrooms can grow up to several tens of centimeters in length.

Edible varieties of mushroom "Umbrella"

Poisonous varieties

1. Comb umbrella or "silverfish" ("comb lepiota"). In appearance, this mushroom resembles edible motley and red umbrellas, but unlike its counterparts, it is poisonous. When eaten, it provokes poisoning, typical symptoms of intoxication are severe vomiting, convulsions, intestinal cramps, diarrhea and headache.

The hat is white, less often gray, beige or pinkish, but over time it becomes brown. Its dimensions are small, the surface is covered with many brown plates. You can recognize the fungus by the characteristic outgrowths on its outer side, which form many scales that resemble scallops in their shape.

The leg is thin and short, yellow or reddish in color, has a fibrous structure. In the middle of the stem, young mushrooms have a thickening in the form of a ring, but over time it disappears. Another distinguishing feature of the comb umbrella is its rotten, unpleasant smell.

It grows from July to October, grows in fields, in nettle thickets, on the side of the road, in fields and meadows, often found in parks and squares in cities.

2. Lepiota poisonous( brown-red or chestnut)

Another inedible umbrella variety, the lepiota is considered deadly poisonous.

Her hat is small, gray-red in color, covered with circles consisting of dark brown scales. On its inner side there are many thin yellowish plates that secrete poisonous spores that are toxic to humans.

The leg is cylindrical, pinkish, sometimes brown, without thickening.

Symptoms of lepiota poisoning appear within a few minutes after eating it. The fungus is extremely dangerous because it can cause cardiac arrest and even death of the victim. It grows in forests of mixed, deciduous and coniferous types, less often in meadows and suburban areas. Fruits from July to the end of October.

After reviewing a detailed description of what the Umbrella mushroom looks like, photos, edible and poisonous species, you can get a clear idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthis rather unusual family.