Facts about wolves and their unique personalities. The animal essence of a woman The character of a she-wolf

About a year ago it was already, but without photos. Now also supplemented by a couple of groups.
Disclaimer: This is just my vision! And any of these groups can include absolutely beautiful outwardly girls.

bird women

(Helena Bonham Carter, Helen Hunt)
Women become birds only because of their beak of the nose, chiseled, thin, with a hump or straight, but with the tip going down. The lips of a female bird are thin, small, often with a very noticeable contour, the upper lip can move forward a little. And sometimes the lips are stretched, but also thin. Eyes can be absolutely anything: big, small, green, and black...
There are many predatory beauties among the Birds, the most real vamp women.

Pisces women

(Julian Moore, Isabelle Huppert, Renée Zellweger)
Also a very common type of women, but is usually the exact opposite of Birds. The main thing in Pisces is the eyes and skin. The skin is transparent, pale, through which pale lilac veins sometimes appear. Outside, she is often strewn with red freckles. The eyes of the Pisces Woman are most often large and always light, slightly watery. Eyebrows and eyelashes to light eyes, as it should be, are attached to the same light ones. The nose is often blurry, but it is not the main thing. Most often, Pisces Women are not very beautiful, if they are not made up, they are rather pale and inconspicuous, but when they make up, they are transformed. In addition, and just meet amazing beauties.

frog women

(Cameron Diaz)
They look like fish women, you can’t even single them out in a group, but sometimes you really want to. Their eyes are large and bright, bulging. And a big mouth, of course. Ideally - often smiling.

deer women

(Jane Birkin, Natalie Portman, Audrey Tautou)
The deer women are not very women, they are more childlike. Their eyes are expressive and often frightened. The neck, arms and legs are thin, and gestures are on the verge of plasticity and angularity.

Women are she-wolves

(Eva Green)
Wolf women - still b about Bigger vamps than birds. Their hair is usually dark, and their eyes are necessarily beautiful and light. The look is heavy with pronounced sexuality.

Women are foxes

(Juliette Binoche, Penélope Cruz, Emmanuelle Beart)
A very large group. It, for example, includes those who did not reach the she-wolves, who have the same external data, but at the same time not a strong enough look. Almost always beautiful or at least cute. The nose of the Chanterelle Woman is slightly upturned, maybe a bit long, a real fox nose. If the kit comes with big eyes with a veil, Chanterelle is just a beauty! Chanterelle's mouth can be anything, but almost always a sly smile.
More foxes: Julia Roberts, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Ingeborga Dapkunaite.

cat women

(Angelina Jolie, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Scarlett Johansson)
Catwomen are, rather, not appearance, but self-awareness. But often they have a small nose or full lips. They themselves also seem soft and plastic, lazy and on their own minds.

Women are horses

(Alanis Morisset, Sarah Jessica Parker)
Their face is long oval with a pronounced lower part. And everything else (eyes, nose) - whatever.

dog women

(Kirsten Dunst, Paz Vega)
To recognize a Dog in a Woman, you need to look into her eyes and pay attention to her nose. Her eyes are usually with lowered outer corners and are most often brown, kind and understanding. The nose is either small or slightly wide. Dog Women are more often just cute than beautiful.

It is very difficult to immediately identify a wolf woman among other women. This is a certain stereotype not only of behavior, but also of perception of reality. This is indeed a rather rare occurrence, but such women are found, and there is no escape from this. The nature of such women is due, most often, upbringing. Moreover, this upbringing depends on her environment - usually these are the daughters of the military, and of considerable rank, position or ambition.

Probably, everyone has heard the song "Lonely Wolf", by the White Eagle group, and this song very clearly reveals the facets of the morality of a female wolf. She is an individualist to the core. She has only two criteria for a "male" - either hers or an extra one. This is a man who simply "suits" her, and it doesn't matter by what criteria.

He can be an absolutely “gray mouse”, or an ordinary “nerd”, or a cool MAN - the main thing is that he suits her exactly! Moreover, most often she is monogamous and does not exchange even for simple attention to other, not “her” men.

The main difficulty in communicating with a female wolf (or she-wolf) is that she measures everything only according to her own standards and criteria, any “jamb” or deviation is regarded by her as an attack on her dignity - and all this is stopped immediately and in the bud!

It is impossible to negotiate or sort things out with her - she simply stops everything even at the stage of a question or a usual explanation. She "stupidly" turns around and leaves, and leaves all the problems "overboard" - they no longer concern her.

Even if the relationship is long-standing and established, the female wolf (wolf) does not understand compromises, and does not accept them. She will never forgive lies, betrayal, even the usual "ignore", for any reason - she just doesn't care about all this.

It is important for her only the manifestation of the very fidelity that she herself can give. And - she will sweep away everything in her path if something threatens her loved ones.

These are the most "crazy" mothers, and the most faithful wives, but only until such time as their foundations "sway". It is female wolves (she-wolves) who are able to completely erase from their memory and life an ex-husband or a dysfunctional child.

Only they are able to "cross out" all the years of their life together, if for some reason they feel betrayed. This is not even a character trait - it is an image of reality perception at the level of only one's own moral criteria. Moreover, each wolf woman has her own criteria.

One basic law does not exist for them, they are most often “outside the law” of society, their whole life is subject only to their own laws.

Most often, female wolves (wolves) are attractive in appearance, charming in communication, they are very well-groomed - cleanliness is the most important thing for them. But they do not like to improve their home - everything is just a temporary shelter for them.

They do not have their own “status” as a member of society - they are just someone's wife, or the mother of a neighbor's child, who does not take part in the work of the same kindergarten or does not go to meetings at school.

Everyone knows her as a pleasant woman from a neighboring apartment (or a neighboring house), who never interferes in anything, but if necessary, she will always provide any help.

Then she simply disappears - the husband (cohabitant) says that she went to her mother, they simply forget about her. And then she appears somewhere else, and again she is a wife, maybe even an adoptive mother of some child .... everything repeats again. She is simply "looking for her wolf among men"!

Most often, these women are not just beautiful, they fascinate with their attractiveness, their charm, their unusualness - and this is the main danger. To love such a woman is to destroy your life to the ground. And moreover, destroy it on your own, under the influence of your own emotions.

Her detachment from ordinary life, from simple feelings, makes men "go out of their way" to prove something to such a woman, to become at least a little significant for her. But they, these men, think in terms of the usual criteria and norms, but she is always “outside the norms and criteria”, therefore it is almost impossible to become significant for her at will.

A man will never be able to understand what she needs from him! And she will never say it directly, because often she herself does not understand this.

And not only for others (namely men) it is difficult with such a woman, she is in constant conflict with herself. , with this, she is just fine. She constantly suffers from moral loneliness, from her “not being understood” by men, although how can they understand her when she often does not understand herself.

Such women are constantly accompanied by mental pain, the search for their desires and the impossibility of fulfilling these very desires. In their personal lives, there are only two criteria for their relationship - they are either immensely happy with "their man", or absolutely unhappy, because they did not find him! The wolf woman is definitely the opposite, the only thing they are similar in is that they are predators.

The development of nature in the last millennia is closely interconnected with the development of human society. Climate change and human intervention in nature entail global changes in the lives of living beings. Therefore, the study of life in nature, the solution of the problems of survival of animals, timely assistance to them, is necessary.

Tyler Miller, in his program for universal environmental education, gave a number of principles that you need to know in order to save the Earth.

Nature is not only more complex than we think it is, it is much more complex than we can imagine.

Everything in nature is interconnected and we all live in it together.

We are a valuable species, but no more important than others; All living beings, including humans, have their own significance.

Every living thing has the right to life simply because it is alive; the existence of this right is independent of its usefulness to us.

It is unworthy of man to be the cause of the extinction of species existing in nature.

What do people know about wolves? That they are fierce and dangerous, treacherous and treacherous. That they must be destroyed. This is how those who know nothing about wolves think about wolves. In fact, wolves rarely attack humans. Like all predators, they hunt to feed themselves and live their lives trying to stay away from people.

The topic of my research project is "The Truth About Wolves". My interest in the life of wolves did not arise by chance. Love for the Ural nature often leads me and my grandfather, Alexander Viktorovich Safronov, to the forest. We walk, talk, observe the living world of the forest. I read a lot of stories, fairy tales and poems about wolves. In winter, I came across a number of articles in the newspaper Karpinsky Rabochiy about the extermination of wolves. On the territory of our district, wolves began to meet more often than before, cases of wolves entering the village of Kakvinskiye Pechi were recorded. And he began to wonder what kind of wolf really is? Is the wolf really that dangerous to humans? How to maintain balance in nature? I received answers to my questions from my grandfather, but decided to study the life of wolves more deeply. Learn the history of the origin of the genus of wolves, their habits, hunting features, mutual understanding in the pack. And the main question for me was: who is a wolf for a man friend or foe?

While working on the project, I turned to the city library, the school information center, where I worked with reference literature and the Internet. In my home library I found a number of stories about wolves. I learned interesting information about the habits of dogs from the biology teacher of our school Nizamova Faina Nikolaevna. I learned about the peculiarities of the life of wolves in captivity from an employee of the Yekaterinburg Zoo. In the city museum, I was able to closely examine a stuffed wolf, feel its fur, touch its teeth and feel its terrible gaze on me.

My grandfather has two dogs, Laikas by breed, Taiga and Dina. We often take them with us on walks in the forest. They are very similar to wolves. It was my dogs who helped me conduct some of the experiments for the project.

The history of the wolf family.

WOLVES, which are also called canine and canine, exist 40 mil. years. The wolf evolved from carnivorous predators that lived 100 million years ago. As a species, Canis lupus developed in Eurasia about 1 million years ago, and by the end of the Pleistocene it became the most common predator. In total, 35 species of canines live on the globe. The wolf genus combines wolves, coyotes, jackals, wild and domestic dogs - the largest representatives of the wolf family. In addition, all foxes, arctic foxes, and raccoon dogs belong to this family.

Once upon a time, wolves had no equal among large predators. So widely they were distributed and so cleverly obtained their livelihood. But wolves interfered with man in his hunt, harassed sheep herds and were even considered cannibals - and man exterminated them for many years.

In fairy tales and legends, the taiga forest was presented as a mysterious and dangerous place for careless travelers. Most of these dangers are fictional, but once upon a time people really had reason to be afraid of wolves in the forest. Even 400 years ago, there were many gray predators in the northern regions; cold taiga forests were their home.

There is not much reliable evidence of wolves attacking humans, but for domestic animals they really posed a great threat, especially when natural prey disappeared. Therefore, the wolves were ruthlessly destroyed. For example, in the British Isles, the last wolf was killed in 1770. True, there are still quite a few gray wolves left in Russia.

Like dogs, wolves are very intelligent and easy to train. In addition, each wolf has a special character: there are cautious, impudent or self-confident, they are free and unconstrained in wolf society, and others are not seen or heard.

Wolves do not disdain pets either. It becomes clear why people have long waged a constant war with wolves. As a result, the wolf even had to be included in the Red Book! Now these magnificent animals are not found either in the British Isles, or in Western and Central Europe, or in Japan, or in most of the United States. Wolves have lived on Earth for over a million years. They descended from carnivorous predators that lived 100 million years ago, and about 20 million years ago dogs originated from the wolf.

Perhaps, in the conditions of Canada or the north of the USA, with an abundance of wild animals (deer, hares, rodents, etc.), wolves are not dangerous for domestic animals and humans, since nature provides complete nutrition for predators, and there is no need for them to take risks by attacking domestic animals or of people. In the conditions of Russia and other countries, where there is less easy prey for wolves, hungry wolves tear domestic animals and become dangerous to humans. About 30% of wolves living in central Russia are potentially capable of attacking a person. This once again confirms the need to fight wolves in Russia.

Wolf habitats.

The wolf is widely distributed. It is found on the Iberian Peninsula, in Italy, Poland, Scandinavia, Finland, almost throughout Russia, from a number of Arctic islands and the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the southern borders of the country (excluding Crimea) and up to the Pacific Ocean. In Asia, it inhabits the Korean Peninsula, partly China and the Hindustan Peninsula, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, and the Arabian Peninsula. In North America, the wolf, once common across almost the entire continent, is now heavily extirpated. The wolf is currently absent from Japan and the British Isles. It is exterminated in France, Holland, Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland, throughout Central Europe.

The wolf is distinguished by great ecological plasticity. He lives in a wide variety of landscapes, but prefers open steppes, semi-deserts, tundra, forest-steppe, avoiding solid forests. The reason for this is the abundance of food, primarily the presence of wild and domestic ungulates, as well as the conditions for hunting them, especially in the hungry, winter time, when the depth of the snow cover has a decisive influence on the distribution and abundance of the predator. The fact is that in loose, deep snow in the forests, the wolf falls heavily and cannot catch up with the elk or deer. The situation changes only in spring, during strong crusts, which easily hold predators, but break under the weight of running ungulates. Wolf hunting in open spaces with little snow is incomparably more effective than in the taiga.

Characteristics of the common wolf.

The whole appearance of the wolf testifies to its power and excellent adaptability to tireless running, chasing and attacking its victims. In size, the hardened wolf is larger than the large shepherd dog. Body length is on average 105 - 160 cm, tail - 35 - 50 cm, height at the shoulders, 80 - 85 cm and up to 100 cm. Weight is usually 32 - 50 kg. The literature mentions wolves allegedly weighing more than 90 kg, but among the many hundreds of accurately weighed wolves from different parts of the world, there was not one heavier than 79 kg. The skull is massive, the zygomatic arches are widely spaced. The facial region is longer than the brain. In adults and old animals, crests are strongly developed, especially the sagittal one. The frontal part of the skull is convex with large cavities.

The teeth are large and strong. Fangs are powerful, slightly curved, relatively short. Predatory teeth are well defined. The cutting edge of the incisors with small additional protrusions. Teeth - 42. Of these, 4 sharp, crooked 5-centimeter fangs - two on top and bottom. With them, the wolf can bite through the dense skin of the victim.

The coloration and size of wolves are subject to strong individual and geographical variability. Only on the territory of Russia there are wolves of almost 8 - 9 subspecies, there are even more of them in North America. The largest animals live in the Far North, the smallest - in the south. The former are painted in very light colors, and in winter they turn almost completely white. Thick fur up to 8 centimeters long protects the wolf from frost. The layer of fur closest to the body is the undercoat, and the outer layer is formed by hard, long, black outer hairs at the ends. They repel water, and the undercoat does not get wet. In such a raincoat with fur lining, the wolf is not afraid of bad weather.

In nature, wolves live to a maximum of 15 - 20 years, but already at 10 - 12 years old they show signs of old age. If necessary, the wolf develops a speed of up to 55 - 60 km / h, is able to make transitions up to 60 - 80 km per night, and on average, travel more than 20 km per day (in the forest zone). A calmly walking or running wolf strikes with ease of movement. It seems to creep over the earth; without changing the gait, overcomes long distances without a hint of fatigue. If there are a pair or a group of wolves, then they go in single file, stepping strictly trail after trail, and only at a turn or at a resting place where the animals disperse can one determine their number. The paw prints on the ground are very distinct, which differs from the incomparably more vague traces of large dogs. The wolf has not only speed and tirelessness in movement, but also great strength. Without apparent difficulty, he can drag a sheep in his teeth, carrying it in front of him or throwing it on his back.

Hunting and feeding wolves

Wolves are designed to hunt by nature itself. In winter, the wolf leaves a neat chain of footprints in the snow - he puts his hind paw exactly behind the front. Thanks to this step, he can run on any terrain and even in deep snow. The weapon of the wolf is the teeth. There are as many as 42 of them in his mouth. 4 sharp, crooked 5-centimeter fangs stick out in front - two at the top and bottom. With them, the wolf can bite through the dense skin of the victim. And predatory, or carnivorous, teeth - this is the name of the molars of all predators - an adult wolf gnaws even the femur of an elk. The hunter needs a keen ear, and in this respect the wolves are lucky. When they hear a noise, they move their ears and determine where the sound is coming from. The sound source may be several kilometers away. Wolves hunt almost silently, because they run on the very tips of their fingers. Just like horses and cats, the wolf does not touch the ground with its heel. He has strong, muscular legs and a sweeping gait.

The wolf is a typical predator that obtains food on its own, actively searching for and pursuing prey. Everywhere, ungulates form the basis of the diet of wolves: in the tundra - wild and domestic reindeer; in the forest zone - moose, deer, roe deer, wild boars, domestic sheep, cows, horses; in the steppes and deserts - antelopes, domestic animals. Along with large animals, small animals play an important role in the diet of wolves - hares, ground squirrels, mouse-like rodents, especially during the years of their mass reproduction. In the warm season, wolves catch a lot of voles, lemmings and other animals, and on this food they fatten well for the winter and even get fat. In summer, wolves do not miss the opportunity to eat laying eggs, chicks sitting on nests or feeding on the ground of black grouse, waterfowl and other birds. In the area of ​​accumulation of molting geese and ducks, wolves also often catch them with great dexterity. Often, predators also prey on domestic geese. The prey of wolves sometimes become foxes, raccoon dogs, corsacs, as well as domestic dogs, for which wolves hunt on purpose, boldly kidnapping them on the village streets, right from the yard and almost in front of the hunters. Occasionally, hungry wolves dare to attack bears sleeping in a den.

Wolves can be called opportunists - they eat everything that can be caught, and everyone who is weaker than them. Hungry wolves also eat carrion, tearing meat from bones like a vulture - a terrible picture that contributed to the spread of sinister legends about them. If the wolf does not want to be content with only what gets in his way, he will always choose the largest animal so that the efforts made will bring as much food as possible. A lone wolf will be happy with a small deer or a sheep, and a pack and a larger beast is quite tough. Wolves can pursue the prey, drive it into an ambush or a dead end, performing complex maneuvers, foresee the trajectory of the victim's movement, etc. Wolves are excellent at navigating the terrain. Many packs constantly, from year to year, use the same parts of the territory to drive the victim into a dead end. Such dead ends can be blockages of trees, placers of stones or a dead end in the truest sense of the word - a sheer cliff or a deep gully in a ravine. Getting into a dead end, ungulates begin to rush about, trying to break out of it. In rubble or heaps of stones, they often break their limbs and then become easy prey for wolves. In many cases, while several wolves drive the victim, others are waiting for her, not allowing her to get out of the impasse. Ice on mountain rivers, thin ice powdered with the first snow, and snow puffs become such dead ends for reindeer in winter. Wolves often drive saiga saigas into dry lakes, where in autumn and spring the bottom softened by water turns into difficult to pass mud, and ungulates move with great difficulty.

So-called sediments become a kind of dead end for mountain animals (rams, goats, musk deer, red deer). These are hard-to-reach areas of rocks where ungulates wait out the danger. Having driven the victim to the sludge, wolves can wait for days until the animal, tired of standing still, becomes their prey. In winter, wolves often drive ungulates to the crust. The relative load on the track in wolves is 2-3 times less than in most ungulates. Therefore, the victims of wolves, running away along the crust, get tired very quickly, falling into deep snow, and often in the process they injure their legs on the sharp edges of the frozen snow. Often, wolves drive their prey onto other members of the pack hiding in ambush. This is how they hunt saigas. Some wait, hiding in the dunes, while others slowly drive the antelope to them. When hunting goats and rams, wolves can use narrowing in the rocks. Some hide behind rocks, while others drive ungulates to an ambush. Prolonged active pursuit of prey is not typical for wolves. As a rule, this is a short jerk for several tens, less often - several hundred meters. Often they can move behind the herd without betraying their presence and waiting for the right moment for decisive action. Such passive pursuit can last for many days.

Often, wolves lie in wait for the victim at watering places, crossings, places of rest or grazing. In these cases, silently crept up and unexpectedly sharply appeared several wolves cause panic among ungulates, which makes it easier for predators to intercept and hold randomly fleeing animals. The victims of wolves are often newborns and young ungulates in places of their concentration. Among domestic ungulates, sheep and reindeer suffer most from wolves. In sheep-breeding, especially mountainous, areas, the wolf is the most common predator to date. But often wolves attack horses. Having sowed panic in the herd with an unexpected appearance, they grab the victim by the muzzle, groin, until the exhausted animal stops and becomes their prey. In addition to ungulates, many other animals can become prey of the wolf, especially in summer, when parents feed puppies, and the pack breaks up and predators live alone or in small groups. At this time, wolves eat insects, amphibians, reptiles, birds and various mammals, on which they also worked out skillful hunting techniques. More often than others, hares become victims of wolves.

The wolves that inhabit the coast of the Caspian Sea often come out onto the ice, where they look for seals in the hummocks. In the mountains they hunt marmots. Using uneven terrain, predators, sprawled on the ground, wait for a long time until the marmots move far from the hole. Having outlined the victim, they cut off her path to escape with a short swift throw, intercepting her on the way to shelter. Sometimes wolves hide near holes, waiting for a long time for marmots to come to the surface. Like foxes, wolves can "mouse", hunting for small rodents and insectivores. After waiting for, for example, a vole to appear on the surface, the wolf in a jump presses it down with its paw and eats it.

A flock can easily drive and overwhelm an elk weighing half a ton (and this despite the fact that one wolf weighs ten times less). This requires strength, determination and coherence of actions. At the same time, predators show amazing tirelessness, merciless perseverance, and sooner or later they achieve their goal. Sometimes they drive the red deer into the rocks, “to suck”, and, having surrounded, wait for it, tired, to try to break through and run away. Finally, wolves skillfully drive roe deer and deer onto the slippery bare ice of taiga rivers or cut them in deep, loose snow or on the crust. However, under other conditions, predators cannot catch up with a healthy deer and, after a short chase, stop hunting.

The main hunting tool of the wolf is its nose, which catches the slightest smell of prey. Having smelled the smell, the whole flock turns their heads in the right direction and freezes in order to remember it well. The wolves wag their tails as if anticipating a future feast, and their next actions depend on the type of terrain. There is nowhere to hide in open space, and the wolves immediately attack; in the forest, they sneak up on the leeward side, moving one after another and hoping to catch the victim by surprise. This manner of hunting allows you to get an elk or other lone animal, although they are likely to smell the enemy and put up resistance. A large stag can take a fighting stance and beat the wolves away with hooves, which will have to retreat and look for a weaker victim. If the victim starts to run away, the wolves will take the chase, but will give it up if they lose in speed - it makes no sense for them to unnecessarily expend forces that will come in handy more than once.

Healthy and strong ungulates, by and large, have nothing to fear from wolves, so the pack is always looking out for young animals, old or sick animals, which are easier to catch. This is clearly seen when a wolf pack attacks a herd of reindeer or musk oxen; wolves rush at young individuals, and the weakest of them become easy prey. Thus, a herd that is constantly attacked by wolves will be healthier than a well-guarded one. Having attacked the herd, the wolves try to create panic in it in order to drive away the future victim and easily fill it up. If the herd manages to regroup and adult animals surround the kids with a wall of hard hooves and formidable horns, the wolves will leave, slurping unsalted, but they will still follow the movements of weak or sick individuals seen in the herd from afar. Wolves are also capable of cannibalism. Many cases are known when they tore and ate weakened animals, wounded by hunters or badly injured in an internecine fight during the rut. Unlike some other predatory animals, wolves often return to the half-eaten remains of their own prey, especially during the hungry season. They do not disdain the corpses of livestock, and on the sea coasts - the carcasses of seals and other sea animals thrown by the waves. In the steppes and deserts, the usual food of wolves is all kinds of reptiles, beetles and locusts (in the years of mass breeding). Wolves, especially in the southern regions, also eat some plant foods - various berries, lily of the valley fruits, wild and garden fruits (carrion), even mushrooms. In the steppes, they often raid watermelons and melons, satisfying not so much hunger as thirst, because they need a regular, plentiful watering place.

By hunting with the whole pack, wolves increase their chances of success. This "team approach" is manifested in the following. Two or three wolves hide in ambush, and the whole pack attacks the herd and drives it to the catchers; they jump out of the "secret", a panic begins in the herd, a frightened deer shied away; one wolf overtakes him, then another, the deer fights back with might and main, but, in the end, falls. The leader satisfies hunger first, eating the best pieces and smearing himself with the blood of the victim; other wolves huddle at a distance, waiting for their turn and share; if the meat remains, the wolves will bury it in the ground or simply leave it, and they themselves will wash themselves in the nearest stream, sleep and come for more. If females feeding their brood are waiting for them in the den, the wolves will bring them meat - raw in their teeth or half-digested in their stomachs.

The wolf is known for its gluttony. Indeed, if he is hungry, he is able to eat up to 10 kg of meat. However, under normal conditions, the daily norm of an adult animal is only about 2 kg, he simply takes away the rest of the meat and hides it in reserve, eating it later, which is not always taken into account and contributes to exaggerated ideas about the voracity of the wolf.

On the other hand, this beast has an amazing ability to starve without losing vitality. In the Yamal tundra, a wounded wolf lay without changing its place and without hunting, that is, being hungry, for 17 days. He was very thin, but fully recovered from his wounds and ran like a healthy man.

The wolf is a family man.

Wolves are social animals: they live in families. Every flock has its own "table of ranks", and in it everyone has their own place. Strong and aggressive wolves rule, and those who need a firm hand obey them. A wolf pack - a group of animals related by kinship and mutual sympathy - is led by a wolf and a she-wolf. The rest of its members are their children (from tiny puppies to 2-3 year old teenagers). Usually in a wolf family there are 6 - 7, and sometimes 15 animals. The strongest wolf in the pack becomes the leader. A girlfriend, a she-wolf, helps him to rule. For others to obey, leaders must have strong character. All decisions concerning the life of the pack are made by this couple. In a pack where the leader keeps order, wolves usually do not fight among themselves. However, skirmishes are common with strangers or lone wolves that have violated the border of possessions. Each wolf pack hunts only in its own territory. The owners strictly guard and mark it, warning the neighbors that they should stay away. Any uninvited guest will be punished. In large packs, it often happens that a wolf is poisoned by all his relatives. Sometimes the outcast becomes completely unbearable, and he is forced to leave the pack.

Why is an unsociable person called a lone wolf? Because he resembles a wolf that has left the pack and lives on its own. As time passes, changes occur in the flock. Applicants for the role of leader remain in the pack and wait in the wings. Other wolves, having matured, leave to wander alone. But they can also create their own flock if they are lucky enough to meet a lone she-wolf. If the wolf and she-wolf want to rule the pack, they must subjugate all the rest of its members to their will and force them to unquestioningly comply with their laws. The leader dominates the males of the pack, and his girlfriend maintains order among the wolves. The leaders constantly remind their "subordinates" who is the boss in the pack: they growl at them, bite, drive and even knock them down, preferring to do this in front of the whole pack. One stern, intent look from the leader or his mate is enough to subdue those he targets. Smiling ingratiatingly, the wolves fall to the ground, and then, if possible, sneak away. Sometimes they lie on their backs, as if to say: we know who is in charge here. The way a wolf holds its tail speaks of its position in the pack. Among the leaders, it is raised high, among the "subjects" it is lowered, and those who stand at the lowest degree in the wolf family tuck their tail. Members of the pack show love and respect to the leader in a welcoming ceremony. Crawling, with flattened ears and smoothed hair, they approach the leader or his girlfriend, lick and gently bite his muzzle.

Rutting occurs on average in February, puppies are born in April. In late spring, wolves change their habits. They no longer wander, but roam in search of prey only near the lair, where they are going to acquire offspring. Usually, the den is picked up and equipped by a female pregnant from the leader (most likely, this couple will not part until the end of their lives). Usually there are 5-6 puppies in a family of wolves. Cases have been noted when a lot of them are born - 10-13 and even up to 17. But such cases are rare and half of the brood in numerous families does not survive. Wolf cubs are born blind, helpless.

From that moment on, the she-wolf does not leave the lair for three weeks; the father of the family brings the booty. The rest of the pack stays nearby and also feeds the she-wolf and her litter until the cubs grow up. When the she-wolf begins to go hunting herself, the flock looks after the kids. If the family is in any danger, then the she-wolf carries her cubs in her mouth one by one to another, more secluded place.

The cubs' eyes open on the 9-12th day. At the end of the second week, they usually begin to respond to sounds, and after three weeks they first emerge from the nest and around the same time they begin to taste meat. Wolf cubs are born completely helpless. The mother helps them to toilet by licking under the tail. Puppies are not able to get up at this time on their feet and move by crawling. They are constantly in physical contact with their mother or with each other. Puppies sleep most of the time.

Dramatic changes in their behavior occur at the beginning of the third week. By this time, they already see and hear, stand on their feet and begin to walk, even trying to play with each other, hitting each other with their paws and biting. Wolf cubs begin active games at the age of a little less than a month, when they jump back and forth, fall on their front paws and bite each other on the muzzle. The she-wolf, although a caring mother, does not show aggression towards people who are close to her children. There are cases when hunters took the entire brood from the den, put the helpless puppies in a bag and carried them away, and at that time the she-wolf watched uneasily at a distance and then accompanied the hunters to the village for several kilometers without making any attempts to attack. In the early days, the she-wolf is constantly with the puppies. The wolf feeds her. He brings food in the stomach and regurgitates it to the female. Gradually, the she-wolf leaves the puppies alone, often and for a long time away in search of food.

According to the observations of researchers, the female can leave the cubs for 6.5 - 68 hours, that is, she can be absent for almost three days. The duration of the absence of the female strongly depends on the abundance of food in the vicinity of the lair. The more accessible it is, the less time the she-wolf leaves the puppies. Usually, when the female leaves the den, the cubs are left alone, gathering in a heap to keep warm. The wolf is rarely with them in the den. But if the puppies crawl up to the father, he does not drive them away, warming them with the warmth of his body. Wolves make their lairs in sheltered, well-protected places. They can be canopies in the rocks, deep cracks, niches, gullies in ravines. Often, wolves use burrows of other animals as dens: foxes, arctic foxes, badgers, marmots. Wolves expand other people's burrows and very rarely dig their own, choosing SOFT, usually sandy soil for this, as well as family days on which the cubs spend their first months of life, meet two requirements:

The presence of shelters from dense vegetation;

A good overview of the area, allowing you to detect danger.

In contrast, a number of cases are known when wolf cubs were found in completely unexpected places: in old stacks of straw left in the field; in piles of firewood and snow shields near the road; on a grain field 300 m from the village; in a hemp plant 10 meters from the estate. It is characteristic that wolves never hunt near their homes, but at a distance of 7-10 km and further, which, of course, also contributes to the safety of broods. After the wolf cubs grow up, the animals stop using their permanent den, and settle down to rest in various, but reliable places.

It is difficult to approach the lair of wolves unnoticed. As a rule, animals detect a person and manage to hide before a person detects them. Growing wolf cubs can frolic in an absolutely open, well-viewed place, but such a playground is necessarily adjacent to either dense thickets, or a pile of stones and labyrinths of passages in rocks and ravines. In these shelters, wolf cubs, and even adult wolves, instantly “dissolve”, without betraying their presence in any way.

Territory of wolves, dwelling.

The size of the family territory is highly dependent on the landscape and varies over a very wide range. The largest family plots are in open landscapes of the tundra, steppe or semi-desert, where they reach 1000 - 1250 km2. In the forest zone they are smaller - 200 - 250 km2. Wolves mark their territory with urine, feces, or by leaving scratches on paths, fallen trees, and stand-alone stumps. Litter of wolves, drying, acquires a white color and is visible at a great distance in an open place. It seems that wolves sometimes specifically choose the most visible places to leave their droppings. Once in Altai, the droppings of a large wolf were found on the seat of a mower, which towered a meter and a half above the ground. The mower itself stood for many days in the middle of a spacious clearing, very noticeable from the road, along which wolves regularly walked, gathering in places where the deer roared.

Wandering over such a vast territory, the pack, of course, will not be able to retain exclusive rights to it, but the forest wolves, whose possessions are smaller, tend to see them only as their own land. The wolf marks his possessions with his own scent.

Where there are many wolves, the concentration of marks is especially high on the periphery of the family territory, that is, along its borders, due to the imposition of marks by wolves inhabiting neighboring areas. There are many marks in the centers of flock activity within family areas, where droppings, pimples and scrapes are often found. Such centers of pack activity are permanent trails, lairs and family days. They can be removed from the borders of the territory for several kilometers. Condensation of traces of the vital activity of wolves in the centers of their activity gives the territory a characteristic appearance. Numerous traces of the vital activity of wolves in the family area, their uneven distribution, probably serve as reference points for members of the pack, leaving for many kilometers in search of food and returning again to the center of the family territory.

The lone wolf moves carefully, avoiding territories occupied by other packs and not disturbing their peace: meeting with numerically superior opponents may be the last adventure of his life. Never touching their own, the pack will ruthlessly deal with the stranger. In search of prey, wolves wander to farms, where they find themselves close to humans and risk losing their lives. In autumn and winter, a flock roams a certain territory; in the forest, where there is enough game, these limits are small - no more than 100 square meters. KM, and where it is necessary to look for prey, the area of ​​\u200b\u200b"own" lands increases ten or more times. Polar wolves, hunting reindeer, follow their herds throughout the tundra year after year; it happens that with a herd of deer there is a wolf pack. Once, zoologists traced the movements of one pack across Alaska: in a month and a half, wolves traveled 1,100 km across an area of ​​13,000 square meters. km!

Communication of wolves.

Wolves do not always hunt, growl and are ferocious. The first thing a wolf will do when its stomach is full is curl up and take a good nap. Waking up, frolic with pleasure. If he wants to play, he will invite relatives to join him. Crouching low on his front paws to the ground, he will approach them and, wagging his tail, will say: “Please!” No answer? Then, in order to attract attention, he will begin to jump from side to side, just like a dog.

Well-developed higher nervous activity is combined in wolves with strength, agility, speed of running and other physical characteristics that greatly increase the chances of this predator in the struggle for existence.

The facial expressions of a wolf are much more expressive than those of a domestic dog. It is complemented by the setting of the ears and the coloring of the muzzle, a "mask" that obediently follows the changes in the facial muscles. When a wolf is frightened, its head seems to "reduce" in size: the ears are pressed and laid back, the muzzle is extended, the corners of the mouth are narrowed and drawn back. The depressed expression of the "facial" is accompanied by the avoidance of a direct look. On the contrary, in a self-confident wolf, the head looks larger and rounder, the ears are raised and directed forward, the corners of the mouth are extended. The confident expression of the "face" is emphasized by rounded eyes fixed on the partner. The aggression of a wolf, ready or preparing for an attack, is expressed by a grinning muzzle, with a demonstration of teeth in an open mouth, hair rearing up on the muzzle. Deep parallel folds of skin behind the nose above the upper jaw give special expressiveness to the "face". The tip of the nose turned up at the same time creates an extreme expression of the beast ready to attack. The setting of the ears at the same time strongly depends on how much fear is mixed with aggressiveness. The expression of aggressiveness, mixed with fear, is accompanied by varying degrees of pressing the ears to the head.

The absence of fear, aggressiveness and self-confidence are expressed by ears set straight or even pointing forward. The tail is a good indicator of the wolf's feelings and intentions. Animals raise it at different angles, swing it with different amplitude and frequency, clearly demonstrating it or hiding it between their legs. A self-confident or aggressive wolf keeps the tail high at the level, and sometimes even higher than the level of the back. When threatening, wolves often raise their tail almost vertically, tensely holding it almost motionless and rearing their hair. On the contrary, wolves express a depressed mood, a feeling of fear with a low tail, hiding it between their legs in extreme manifestations of fear. They express friendly feelings with free sweeping movements of the tail from side to side, raising it at different angles relative to the back line.

The tail, visible at a great distance, probably serves as a means of remote contact between animals. When greeting each other, wolves wag their tails and hindquarters, and low-ranking animals do this especially expressively in relation to high-ranking ones. Demonstrating their high hierarchical rank, wolves can bite their partner. However, these actions are exclusively ritual in nature and are not accompanied by injury to the subordinate individual. Most often, a high-ranking wolf bites a low-ranking wolf in the muzzle. Less often - by the withers, as if pressing him to the ground. Describing the poses of wolves in general, it can be noted that when interacting with partners in the pack, the poses of high-ranking animals are more open, the head and tail are raised high, and the animals stand straight on their feet. In low-ranking animals, there is a desire to decrease in size, lower their heads, tuck their tails, and crouch on relaxed paws.

Low-ranking animals, demonstrating their submission to higher-ranking ones, can tip over in front of them on the ground, lying on their side or even on their backs and exposing their partner's chest and stomach. At the same time, high-ranking animals often demonstrate a lateral stance, towering on high legs, in a confident pose over a lying partner. By blocking the actions of a partner, especially their aggressive intentions, wolves regularly demonstrate a side stance. The side stance is probably the most expressive of the dominant animal's confidence over the subordinate. It lacks elements of aggressiveness, such as grin and deep wrinkles behind the nose.

Under natural conditions, wolves usually howl in the late evening hours, less often at night and early in the morning. However, under artificial conditions, their sound activity can be strongly shifted, which depends on the general mode of activity of animals, due to the specifics of the daily dynamics of stimuli that excite the motivation for consolidation. In artificial conditions, the behavior of wolves is largely human-oriented. Contacts with him usually differ in a certain rhythm. For example, in the vivarium where we observed wolves, they howled most often around lunchtime, when people serving the animals usually passed by the enclosures. The wolves knew them well and reacted positively to them, as they regularly received random food from them. By the way, a lone wolf never howls.

The wolf family (pack) has developed as a close, stable and optimal community for the struggle for existence, connected by blood relationship, for the following reasons:

In a flock family, the feeding and upbringing of offspring is facilitated;

It is easier and less risky to get food in the family, since mutual assistance is provided in the extraction and the sharing of what is obtained or found;

The family secures and protects a certain feeding area, where "strangers" are not allowed.

Varieties of howling wolves and other signals.

There are so many unsolved mysteries of howling wolves that it forces scientists to come to the following conclusion: howling is the most mysterious and at the same time the most attractive phenomenon in the biology of the wolf. At present, there is not only no consensus on the function of this sound reaction, but the very formulation of the question is also questioned. Thus, in its diversity, paradoxically, the language of the wolf, especially the howl, is similar to the language of people.

The basis of the language of wolves is the following elements of sound signaling:

The most important is the howl with its indescribable varieties and shades. Moreover, it is possible that the howl is emitted by wolves not only in the range of frequencies audible to humans, but also in other ranges available to wolves;

Snorting and sonorous barking;

Growling, clattering teeth, squealing, whining, barking;

In addition to sound signaling, the transmission and reception of information by wolves is carried out through traces of vital activity, smells and visually. It can be:

urinary points;

Traces of movement (footprints, remnants of wool on bushes and trees, etc.);

Scratches on the ground or in the snow, traces of wolves falling out on the ground or snow, falling, etc.;

Nest (place of hatching and initial rearing of wolf cubs);

A den in the broad sense of the term is a system of nests and day haul-outs, usually within the foraging area of ​​a given family;

Smells of wolves; they are not only individual, but often elusive to humans, although they are perfectly captured and distinguished by a wolf;

Direct contacts of animals for educational, aggressive and other purposes.

Appointment of sound signals, howling.

Wolves invest certain meanings in howling: threat, longing, despair, sadness, a signal about caught or found prey, calls, affectionate intonations in relation to wolf cubs, etc.

The she-wolf, returning to the den, with a soft whimper gently calls the scattered wolf cubs, in the den she briefly and quietly answers the howl of the returning hardened wolf. A she-wolf or a seasoned one, having heard an inept howl, suspecting the eternal enemy - a man, with a sharp snort or roar with clattering teeth, cut off the inappropriate response howl of over-brights or the yelping of the profit ones, and if they do not obey instantly, then they will punish the disobedient. When the cubs grow up, alarm signals serve as a command to the grown cubs: "Everyone hide and hide." In the last days of pregnancy and in the first days after whelping, the she-wolf lies "firmly", silently. A lone she-wolf during the rut howls invitingly, waiting for the male, but, having heard his answer, she herself does not answer and does not go forward. The ability of the wolf to determine the direction to the source of the howl is such that he accurately determines it the first time and, as if on cue, goes to it.

In the daily context, most often wolves howl at dusk, at dawn. Howling is most likely to be heard within 1-2 hours after sunset or before dawn. At this time, group howling is especially possible. Frequent howling at night. During the day, the wolves rest, their howling is extremely rare, and if necessary, the roll call or signals to lost profits is carried out quietly with a short howl or squeal.

Single and group howl.

A single howl serves to communicate between members of a family-flock, determine the location of singles, warn about the occupation of the territory, establish contacts of animals of different sexes during the rut, express the state of the individual, to convene the wolf cubs and take care of them from the parents, signal prey, alarm, etc.

The group howl serves to unite the family-flock and express its condition. Perhaps the group howl of a friendly, numerous and powerful family-flock serves as proof of the strong employment of this feeding area.

Types of wolves.

Polar Wolf. Among wild canids, the wolf is the largest animal: large light polar wolves can weigh up to 80 kg. He adapted well to life in the north. From the harsh climatic conditions, polar wolves are warmed by a warm white “fur coat”, thanks to which the wolf is almost invisible in the snow.

Tundra wolf. Large animal. The length of the body of males, apparently, can exceed 150 cm. These wolves are characterized by a very long, dense and soft coat of light color. Scientist V. G. Geptner gives the following data on the maximum mass of tundra wolves, obtained as a result of measurements and weighing of the largest specimens from 500 animals shot in the tundra in Taimyr, Yamal and in the area of ​​the Kanin Peninsula. The largest weights were: an old male caught in Taimyr - 52 kg, a male from the tundra east of the Kanin peninsula - 48.8 kg and a male from Yamal - 46.7 kg. In Russia, the range of the tundra wolf occupies the tundra and forest-tundra zone of the European part and Siberia, as well as Kamchatka.

Central Russian forest wolf. Contrary to popular belief, it is this wolf that reaches its maximum size on the Eurasian continent, and not the tundra wolf. The color is classic, not bleached like the tundra. The body length of adult Central Russian forest wolves can exceed 160 cm, and the height at the shoulders can reach 1 meter. Of course, such sizes can only apply to very large individuals. It is generally accepted that on average an adult male weighs 40 - 45 kg, over-flying (about 1 year and 8 months old) - about 35 kg, and a profitable (8 months old) - 25 kg. She-wolves weigh 15 - 20% less. Anyone who is familiar with the old hunting literature, or who has had to visit the "wolf" corners and talk with the locals, must have read or heard about huge wolves. How much mass can wolves reach? For Central Russia, scientific papers indicate the maximum mass in the range of 69 - 80 kg. And here are the results of weighing specific animals. For the Moscow region - a male weighing 76 kg, the largest of the 250 wolves caught by the well-known wolf cub V. M. Khartuleri in the thirties and forties of the last century. For Altai - a male weighing 72 kg. The wolf, whose stuffed animal is in the Zoological Museum of Moscow State University, weighed 80 kg. According to N. D. Sysoev, the head of the State Hunting Inspectorate of the Vladimir Region, in the period from 1951 to 1963, 641 wolves were killed, of which 17 were especially KRUSHII. females - 62 kg. The footprint of the right front paw of this huge, almost eighty-kilogram animal was 16 cm long and 10 cm wide. For Ukraine, wolves of even larger sizes are indicated - 92 kg from the Lugansk region and 96 kg from Chernihiv, but the conditions for determining the mass of these animals are unknown. The Central Russian timber wolf lives throughout the forest and forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia, and probably also penetrates into Western Siberia. In the north, its entry into the forest-tundra is quite possible, however, just like the tundra into the taiga.

Siberian timber wolf. Also a large beast, in its medium size not inferior to the previous subspecies. According to many scientists, as a separate subspecies, it is still conditionally distinguished, since the taxonomy of Siberian wolves is still poorly developed. The predominant color is light gray, buffy tones are poorly visible or absent altogether. The fur, although not as high and silky as that of the tundra wolf, is also thick and soft. Its range is mostly considered to be Eastern Siberia, the Far East and Kamchatka, except for the tundra zone, as well as Transbaikalia.

Steppe wolf. In general, somewhat smaller than forest, with sparse and coarser hair. Color on the back with a noticeable predominance of rusty-gray or even brown hair, and the sides are light gray. Its range includes the steppes of southern Russia, including the Ciscaucasian, Caspian, Ural and Lower Volga regions. Poorly studied. The system of certain features has not been developed. The number is low, especially in the western parts of the range.

Caucasian wolf. Medium-sized animal with coarse and short outer hair and rather poorly developed underfur. The color is noticeably darker than the above subspecies due to the black guard hairs evenly distributed over the skin. The general tone is dirty gray, dull. Within our country, the range is limited by the Main Caucasian Range and its wooded foothills.

Mongolian wolf. The smallest of the wolves living in Russia. The normal weight of adult males rarely exceeds 40 kg. The color of the fur is dull, dirty gray with an admixture of ocher colors. The fur is hard and coarse. The range of this subspecies is limited to eastern and southwestern Transbaikalia and Primorsky Krai.

The species WOLF MANED is listed in the International Red Book

WOLF MANED has an unusually original look. It looks like a common fox, but only on extremely long, slender legs. Due to the elongated muzzle and elongated neck, his body seems short. The disproportionate physique is emphasized by large erect ears and a short tail. This is also evidenced by its dimensions: the body length is about 125 cm, the tail is about 30 cm, the height at the shoulders is up to 75 cm, and the weight is 20-23 kg. The color of the long, rather soft coat is also original: in general it is yellowish-red, but the legs and underside are much darker, almost black, while the tail is very light, white at the end. The hair on the upper side of the neck and withers looks like a standing mane. The maned wolf is common in Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, Uruguay, Northern Argentina. Here it is found in the pampas and along the outskirts of swamps overgrown with tall grass. Under these conditions, long legs are very necessary for aguarachai; they help to look at prey over tall grass. The beast hunts mainly on small animals: agouti, pacu, as well as birds, reptiles, insects; eats fruits and other plant foods; sometimes he drags poultry and very rarely, having gathered in a group, attacks sheep. Cubs are born in winter. There are only 2-3 of them, almost black in color, with a white tip of the tail. The maned wolf is the largest canid in South America. Outwardly, a maned wolf looks more like a fox with long legs. Unlike other wolves, maned wolves hunt alone.

The RED WOLF species is listed in the Red Book of Russia

The RED WOLF species is listed in the International Red Book

The red WOLF is a fairly large animal with a body length of 76-103 cm and a tail of 28-48 cm, and a weight of 14-21 kg. Its external appearance combines the signs of a wolf, a fox and a jackal. A similar impression is facilitated by thick long hair, a long fluffy tail, a relatively narrow muzzle, and large ears. The general tone of color is red, which varies greatly in individual individuals and in different parts of the range. This variability, combined with a wide distribution, led to the description of a number of local forms, which at one time were considered independent species, but in fact are subspecies. The red wolf is well distinguished from other genera of the canine family by a reduced number of molars (there are 2 in each half of the jaw) and a large number of nipples (6-7 pairs). the red wolf is found in small numbers in the mountains of the Far East, the Western Sayan, and Central Asia.

The main part of the range falls on the mountain-forest regions of Central and South Asia, including Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, the islands of Sumatra and Java. Almost everywhere, the red wolf lives mainly in the mountains, rising to the alpine zone. In the southern part of its range, it gravitates towards forests. Often makes seasonal migrations, sometimes appears in landscapes that are not characteristic of it - forest-steppe, steppe and even in deserts. the red wolf is a typical HSHTSNIK. He hunts mainly during the day, tirelessly pursuing his prey. Outside the breeding season, it keeps in flocks, sometimes numbering dozens of individuals. Obviously, such groups combine a number of families or animals of several generations. They feed mainly on various wild ungulates. These predators are also known to regularly eat plant foods in the summer. The biology of reproduction is not well understood. Red wolves are strict monogamous; their males are involved in the protection and education of young animals. In zoos, animals mate in January - February; cubs in April (after 62-64 days of pregnancy), bringing 5-9 cubs. In India, young are found throughout the year, but more often in January - February. Newborn puppies are covered with short dark brown fur. Their teeth erupt on the 14th day. At six months of age, puppies reach adult weight. They usually take refuge in rock crevices, caves and niches in the slopes, since red wolves almost never dig holes.

WOLF AND DOG

The German Shepherd and the Laika in appearance still resemble their wild ancestors - wolves.

Dogs are domesticated wolves. German Shepherds are a breed obtained by crossing a dog and a wolf, which was carried out three centuries ago, and therefore the appearance of these dogs is very similar to that of a wolf.

Whose traces?

"You follow the trail of a wolf - you will recognize the life of a wolf"

Proverb of Russian hunters

The track of an adult wolf resembles that of a very large and heavy dog. The paw print of the wolf is very compact, and not "sprawling", as in most dogs, the fingertips and claws are clearly imprinted. The middle fingers of the wolf are significantly advanced forward. An imaginary match can be placed across the imprint between the middle and side fingers. A mature male has a wider paw, a she-wolf’s footprint is more “slim”. Only occasionally on loose sand, liquid mud, etc. do the fingers of the wolves spread out, which is quite understandable. Most dogs have fingers always, as they say, “fan”. The exception is, perhaps, good working hounds, whose tracks can be confused with those of a young she-wolf.The track of a very large working husky is sometimes similar to that of a very young male wolf.

It is often written that if you connect the paw prints of a dog with segments, you get a broken line, and the wolf goes strictly "along the ribbon", the prints are located on one straight line. Alas, there are exceptions with wolves. For example, if the snow still allows walking, "trotting", but it is already deep enough, then the wolf also begins to spread its paws.

How not to confuse the tracks of a wolf and a dog in nature? Firstly, it is important to understand that a normal dog alone will not run far into the forest, and a wolf, in turn, does not curl under a person’s feet. So, if you come across a trace of a person, and a trace of either a small wolf or a dog winds nearby; if these are traces of the same freshness, and a person is most likely a hunter, since, for example, on wide skis and without sticks, then most likely the trace belongs to a hunting dog.

Secondly, the footprint of an adult Central Russian wolf is always much larger than the footprint of a dog that can be found in the forest. The trail of the wolf is sharper, more concrete, more acutely perceived by the eye. As if you immediately feel that the beast has passed, and not the dog. I quite often come across prints of a wolf's paw 13-15 cm long. Such traces belong to not at all outstanding animals weighing hardly more than 50-60 kg.

Where to look for a wolf trail? Best of all along forest paths, and not at all in impassable thickets. When the snow is quite deep, it is worth especially carefully inspecting the boar trails, old ski tracks, old and fresh ruts from tractors, cars, more or less cleared roads for logging.

The language of the wolf is fundamentally different, rather even the opposite of the language of another representative of the canine family - the domestic dog:

Of the sound signals, an adult wolf most often uses a howl and barks or barks extremely rarely;

The dog, on the contrary, most often barks, and howls, rather monotonous, emit only in some situations.

The life systems of wolves and dogs are diametrically opposed:

Domestic dogs, running wild, stray into large packs of 20 or more individuals and are polygamous. So do the wild dogs of Africa, which can be tamed;

Wolves never form large packs, but live only in monogamous families or, if necessary, alone;

The domestication of a wolf, even one that has grown up in a person's home, is very difficult, unstable, and the behavior of such a "domestic" wolf often becomes unpredictable and even dangerous.

wolf symbol

The wolf is, first of all, the highest symbol of freedom in the animal world, a symbol of independence. (Whereas, the so-called king of animals - a lion is trained in a circus.)

The wolf is also a symbol of fearlessness. In any fight, the wolf fights to victory or to death.

The wolf lives in a family, takes care only of his wolf-wife, and the wolf-father himself brings up his cubs.

The wolf is also a symbol of high morality, devotion to the family. (What can not be said about males of other animals)

The wolf is a symbol of justice and ambition. Under normal conditions, the wolf will not allow, for its part, to offend the weaker.

And what does the wolf mean as a symbol among different peoples? For most peoples, the wolf means the earth, evil, devouring passion and rage. Wolves and ravens are often close friends of the primitive gods of the dead.

Among the Aztecs, the howling wolf is the god of dance;

In Celtic mythology, the wolf swallows the Heavenly Father (the sun), after which night falls;

Among the Chinese, it symbolizes gluttony and greed;

In the Greco-Roman tradition, the wolf is dedicated to Mars (Ares) as the personification of rage, as well as to Apollo and Sylvanus. The she-wolf who, according to legend, nursed Romulus and Remus, is often depicted in Roman art. The wolf also symbolizes valor;

Among the Jews, the wolf personifies bloodthirstiness, cruelty, a haunting spirit;

Among the Indians, Ashvins save the quails of the day from the wolf of the night. The wolf is the mount of witches and warlocks, and a werewolf takes on its form.

The study of the habits and reflexes of wolves on the example of domestic dogs.

In the first chapter, I described the research of scientists about the life of wolves. Based on this information, I conducted a series of experiments with my dogs Dina and Taiga. By breed they are huskies, besides relatives, mother and daughter. Dina is a very caring mother. When she gave birth to puppies, she forbade us to even approach and look at them. (There were four puppies. We gave three of them to good people, and left little Taiga for ourselves)

Just like wolves, my dogs express their feelings in their own way. When my grandfather and I come to the dacha where Dina and Taiga live, they rejoice. Joy is expressed by wagging the tail, jumping and barking cheerfully. The fact that I am the owner, the dogs also know well, and, as before the master, they fall on their backs, showing their respect.

When Grandpa comes into the house to cook food for our dogs, they begin to whine and lick their lips in anticipation. At this time, they begin to salivate profusely. When the dogs were eating, I went to their bowl. They, regardless of the fact that I was the owner, bared their teeth, began to growl and bark sharply, almost attacking me.

When the dogs eat, they begin to have fun. They run around the garden, marking their territory near the fence. They run, squeal, bite each other.

If dogs stick out their tongues, their breathing becomes heavy, which means they are tired or thirsty.

My dogs are very emotional. I can easily tell when they are having fun, they can even smile.

When grandfather drives them into a cage, they tuck their tails and, almost pressing their stomachs to the ground, crawl into the booth. So they do not want to be in the house behind the doors.

On walks in the forest, dogs show themselves like real hunters. Dina and Taiga are very attentive dogs. They do not just run through the forest, but explore the entire territory: they smell the ground, trees, listen to sounds. They have very sensitive hearing. When they hear something, their ears become upright, hiding, they turn their ears in the direction from which the sound comes. When they see a squirrel, a chipmunk and someone else in the forest, they begin to bark loudly and tell us about their find. My grandfather and I praise them and believe that they are real hunters, only their prey remains to jump through the trees and run through the forest.

Based on my observations, I compiled a dictionary of dog language. Dina and Taiga, as it turned out, do not like to be photographed, they constantly jump on the camera and bark, so I chose suitable photos from the Internet.

Conclusion.

The main question of his research project was: who is the wolf - an enemy or a friend?

I also found two answers to my question. The wolf is both an enemy and a friend.

The enemy is because the wolf, during the absence of natural food or due to the difficulties of obtaining it, can attack herds of sheep, kill livestock and even dogs. I learned that wolves are afraid of adults, and they attack children. The wolf harms livestock and hunting. In autumn and winter, the wolf becomes much more dangerous than in other seasons, often attacking both large and small livestock. They come closer and closer to settlements, and in small places they hunt for dogs, which they love very much and which in some places are his only prey.

But science has proven that predators in the life of nature are not only useful, but simply necessary, like orderlies and breeders who improve the tribe of non-predatory animals, because predators primarily destroy the sick and weak, poorly adapted, carrying various vices and defects. Therefore, in many countries, the law now protects against excessive extermination of predators. But the old traditions and prejudices against the predatory beast are still alive among people. The fate of wolves is especially tragic - almost everywhere they are finished off - without pity, without remorse and with a naive consciousness of the usefulness of this harmful deed. In nature, in natural habitats, the wolf plays the role of a nurse. The wolf in nature takes almost exclusively sick or crippled animals and thereby purifies the population.

The wolf in the zoo is a sad animal, he is deprived of his freedom. His hunting skill is completely unrealized. He is looked after, fed, cleaned in the cage. The wolf in the zoo is a prisoner.

As a result of my research, I found out that the wolf is a strong, courageous and intelligent animal.

It is absolutely in vain that in fairy tales children are presented with a wolf in such a stupid form.

No need to argue. Trust this look

on the origin of man in the Altai land

BELIEVE, legend, fairy tale, true story ... And it was like this: For three days and three nights the body of the blue wolf twisted, flattened, circled and filled with the energy of life, mind and strength ... so the first woman appeared filled with life, meaning and the mission of continuing the human race .. 6 passed centuries, and 7 generations of people arose, dispersed in all parts of the world. And there were children, there were men, there were old people. And forever and ever remained, preserved in man wolf genes and wolf grips.
If you look closely, we are all a little wolves, and not because we now have a wolf life, but because we are descendants of a proud wolf tribe. No matter how civilizations change, no matter how we adapt to the modern society, I am sure that we have the instincts of wolves, and they save us in difficult times. The instinct of self-preservation (they are studied by ethology) gives us the opportunity to foresee, to be safe, to multiply, to look in every possible way for means of food, warmth, security, love, and to live, live, live!

I can safely say that we are all wild at heart, we just hid our roots deeply, and we all yearn for the primordial. Culture offers few antidotes for this angst. We have been taught to be ashamed of natural inclinations - to sniff the earth, lick stones, hug trees, roll on the grass ... But day and night, the shadow of primeval wild people hides behind us.
The loss of a sense of one's own originality coincides in time with the disappearance of virgin nature on the planet. Primordial nature and primordial woman are two species that are threatened with complete extinction. Psychoarchaeological excavations in the ruins of the past and the hidden world will help us restore the habits of the natural instinctive soul of man and deep nature.

WOLVES AND WOLVES. Let our men not be offended, I want to talk about she-wolves, that is. about women... modern women. I am sure that by remembering and restoring her natural powers, the “wild” woman will remember her deepest nature. Women and wolves are related by nature: they are inquisitive, endowed with great endurance and physical strength. They are characterized by intuition, careful care for offspring, for their spouse and for the community as a whole. They skillfully adapt to constantly changing circumstances, are fierce in their loyalty and unusually courageous.

A modern woman in her delusions is anyone and serves for anyone, the scope of her activity is huge and vague, and ancient knowledge remains unclaimed.
But how do you want to restore the charming and natural mental image of a woman, a wolf woman who will continue the race, raise offspring, dance in the forest, sing at dawn, return to her originality, the feeling of an innate instinctive “I”, where the beginnings of the female line of being are hidden . The “taste of wildness” that we get when we are pregnant, when we feed babies with our milk, in love relationships that are like visiting our favorite gardens, and what we feel in visions, in dreams, and when we break all the rules, we discard painful relationships, we sweep everything off the table ... we make the world stop, because without discovering the originality in ourselves (this is the first woman not crippled by civilization) - we cannot do as our soul asks.

Strengthening this state, we begin to see in ourselves a sage, a dreamer, a seer, a creator, a creator, an inventor, directing our life into an ebullient, glowing from within and illuminating everything externally, like a primordial mother, possessing innate integrity, common sense and even without sense in space feelings.

Let's remember the energy that lurks in us, we all have secret thoughts and secret feelings, wild and violent - that is. natural, innate. And again, I am sure that our men will only be enchanted by our natural, unbridled love for everyone around them and even touched by our naturalness, cheerful creation that does not destroy the great meaning of the happiness of life. She is the one for the sake of whose search men leave their home ... She is where men find a new home; she is the one who pushes forward, being the source of their actions, often reckless and therefore natural.

Therefore, whoever you are: an introvert, an extrovert, a woman who loves or hates, reveres God or the spirits of nature, the owner of an artless soul or Amazonian ambitions; a woman who is trying to achieve heights or just live to see tomorrow, a woman sparkling with fun, or gloomy; regal or downtrodden - remember the primordial woman in yourself, take a closer look at the habits of nature, dig out the Wolf in yourself and life will become easier, and the power of love will become greater. If we sing a song, we can take on a living form. Be natural in your urges, and you will find freedom, vitality and joy from life.. So listen to the rumors of the soul, for this is what we are meant for!

A healthy she-wolf is strong, cheerful, full of life and energy, she knows her territory, is inventive, loyal, agile, with great power of intuition and sensitivity, in harmony with her cycles, she lives life with dignity and awareness. It occupies a place in the heart, not in the head. She knows how to track, pursue, call to repel, feel, disguise and ... deeply love! And this is SHE - the primordial woman. For she-wolves, constancy in behavior is an unbearable sentence, because they have strength in the ability to adapt to change, in ingenuity, in roar, in furious howl, in deep instinctive life, in movement. Constancy is manifested not in monotony, but in constant sensitivity, vigilance, flexibility and dexterity.

- It is important to sniff out. Tracking means walking lightly, thanks to this, to move freely through life, noticing everything, but remaining invisible. The she-wolf hunts down everyone and everything that invades her territory. It's her way of collecting information. One must be able to appear, then dissipate like smoke, and appear again. Wolves can move very quietly, like meek angels. First they stalker, then suddenly appear, aiming from behind a tree with a golden eye, suddenly turn sharply and disappear, only to make a circle and reappear, this time from the back of a stranger. This is tracking. The wild woman has been stalking for years. She comes to men in dreams. It is enough for them to cast a glance at their shadow to see the charming image of a wild and free creature.

- Loop, confuse traces, know when not to be "clever" in the interest of protecting one's own soul. The she-wolf knows when to act "good boy" and when to show her true Roar.

- mobilize or to call on your aggressive nature - to become a whirlwind - a driving force, and if it is concentrated, and not sprayed, it will give a woman colossal energy.

Intuition is the treasure of the female soul. She is akin to a wise old woman who is always with you, who will tell you exactly what is the matter and where to go; this wise being who walks everywhere with us, looks at everything that is seen in life, and determines the truth. The main approach of women is changing "Let it be" on the attitude "Let me see what it all means". Listen to your inner voice.
Like the wolf, intuition has claws that can tear; there are eyes that can see through veils, and there are ears that can hear the unreachable. All this sharpens the ability to confidently go out into the outside world. Women's intuition is transmitted from mother to daughter, consists of inner vision, hearing, intuition and knowledge.

Wolves are capable of strong relationships, and deep bonds bind them. Their marriages last a lifetime. Despite fights (sometimes hostility), these bonds are unbreakable in harsh winters and abundant summers, during long transitions in search of food and the birth of new offspring, when meeting with old enemies and during common dances and songs under the moon. And a person needs the same relationship.
Wolves do not perceive the ups and downs of life, energy, strength, nutrition and extraordinary events. For them, ups and downs are just a given, and the wolves pass as smoothly and painlessly as possible. The instinctive nature has a magical ability to survive all the gifts of fate and all the unpleasant consequences, while maintaining a connection with itself and with others.

If a woman is in a sound instinctive mind, her thoughts are calm, she understands the nature of everything that happens - to love, create, believe, desire - are born, live their term, wither, die and are born again. Women consciously or unconsciously practice this knowledge every lunar cycle of their lives, and a wild woman understands that physically, emotionally and spiritually, the zeniths always turn pale and go out, are reborn, sink into oblivion and these are carriers of fate. It cannot be otherwise, and there is nothing to grieve about. Energy, feeling, intimacy, loneliness, desire, boredom all increase or decrease in cycles. To cry, to grieve is the path of simpletons, and the truly "wild" know this world and all the cycles of change in nature - you just need to "give all your heart to this process" and calmly treat everything and the "aging process" of feelings, body, and only the mind turns into reason, which calls for calm contemplation of the cycles of life in nature. Everything that people artificially complicate in their lives, it is better to approach lightly, because pain and suffering are forced out of a woman with ease. Benevolent and wise.

EVERYONE HAS IT you should have your own home (lair) - this is a chair in the garden, a corner, a place under a tree, a porch where the soul meets the body and the world, it takes an hour or a day when you need to be “at home”, where you are comfortable and where you can be yourself alone with yourself - re-read the poem, at least a few minutes to stay by the river, a spring, lie on the ground in the spots of the sun, be with your loved one when there are no children, in order to sort out something, alter the old, return to yourself. Or go wherever your eyes look, get on a bus and go where the lights are, sit by the window, surrounded by trees, plant flowers and get your hands dirty in the ground, put your hands in a barrel of water and freeze ...

The way home is difficult, but you should always be able to leave. When they hesitate to return "home", the eyes stop sparkling, and you can just lose yourself. If a woman is too far away from "home", she begins to dry. Such a woman becomes uncompromising, distracted, twitchy and absurd. Spiritual hunger sets in. There is no need to be excessively kind, we need to make a choice: to provide support and help only to those who allow us to return home, otherwise the light of the heart will fade and the supply of the soul will dry up.

The desire of a woman to “heal everything, arrange everything” is one of the main reasons for the impossibility of being herself and being happy in reserve. In order to give, you need to replenish yourself. The wild wolf understands that she must return (not “yes, maybe” and “it would be nice”, but should to return home in due time, and this is especially important when you are mired in worldly affairs). For every woman, the body lives here and now, and the mind is far, far away. Fingering the hem of a skirt, sadly looking out the window: “yes, yes ... that's just - and ...” There are reasons for the delay - children, affairs, the unwillingness of others to sit down at the oars, something is sacrificed for the sake of others, for the sake of the environment, to show: “ Oh, how good I am! ”, - but you need to force yourself to leave (“Alas, but now I’m gone!”) And give others the opportunity to grow and develop.

Wolves form a group that is united by common deeds and concerns. And everyone can go into their own hole ... Living is so good! A woman should be careful not to let her heightened “sense of responsibility” steal her creative pauses, rhythms, insights. Contrary to all logic, they are not required at all. Work for someone, work to clean your home, work to buy things for your husband, children ... It's strange, all these worries never end. You just need to stamp your foot and say “No!” half of those cases that are considered mandatory.

But it is also unacceptable to be alone in your “home” for too long - the connection with the soul weakens, the blood becomes liquid and flows more slowly. And being away from “home” for too long, a woman is less and less able to move forward. Such is the nature that the loss of energy is a common thing. You just need to find a "den" - a place that will hide your pleasure, your joy; a place that gives us the time and freedom to be, roam, wonder, write, sing, create and not be afraid.

Sensing pleasure, the wolves at first freeze, as if rooted to the spot. They stand fully focused to see, hear, feel, what right in front of them what they are by their very nature. That is what is offered to the wild woman in nature - the ability to see, to stop, to assert her voice, her values, her imagination, her clairvoyance, her vigilance, her fairy tales and ancient female traditions. And you don’t need to try to “control yourself”, trying to suppress the rage that suddenly arose, risking burning everything alive. It is necessary to use anger as a creative force, but it is imperative to find a place where there will be peace after the “wolf howl”.

Howling is the rebirth of the wild woman. Saying goodbye to loved ones, she howls. To move on to blessed peace, you need to give vent to rage. It would be nice to go to the real mountains from time to time. In myths, the mountain is understood as a symbol that reflects the level of awareness that needs to be achieved. The lower part of the mountain personifies the desire for consciousness, the middle part - as a test of knowledge, sensations, the upper part - as intensive learning and the top - as a meeting with wisdom. Therefore, if we do not know what can be done, how to cope with the complexities of civilization, with the flow of information, then it is best to go to the mountains, where we can afford both "wolf howl", and "wolf tears", and the battle in the soul, and appeasement, enjoyment, acceptance of a difficult situation, the search for wisdom, and at the top - a complete contemplation of wild nature from above and the path to solving earthly issues.

Such is the nature of wild wolves and wild women! There is a saying that has come down from the Middle Ages: “If you are descending and you are being pursued by some great power that you have found above, and if this great power succeeds in catching your shadow, you will also become a great power.”

HOW DO WOLVES PLAY? They push each other - old in their own way, young in their own way, as well as skinny, fat, long-legged, short-tailed, lop-eared, lame. Everyone has their own body, their own strength, their own beauty. They live and play according to who they are and how they feel. They don't try to be what they are not. Playing wolves are constantly pushing, touching each other, as if performing a casual dance. Such contact of bodies is “a kind of message”: “You are with us, we are together” - and this is a constant support for the soul.

We must be permanent residents of our territory, and not just tourists, because we come from this country - this is our homeland and our heritage. How do wolves manage to live in harmony in the wild? Together with Claris Estes, who explores the myths of different cultures, we understand how to revive the primordial Spirit of a woman in the modern world, and I convey to you general wolf rules for our life, but not quite wolf.
1. Look for food
2. Rest
3. Just wander around in between
4. Be faithful
5. Love children
6. Play in the moonlight
7. Keep the ears on top
8. Take care of your bones
9. Love… more and more often.
10. GROW MORE
- Do not go to the forest, do not leave the house - they said.
“This is my life, you stupid people,” she said. - I must go to the forest, I must meet the wolf, otherwise my life will never begin ...(from the fairy tale "Wolf's Eyelash" by Clarice Estes).

It tastes like wild raspberries. These berries always seemed to me insanely sweet, their sweetness and astringency created an extraordinary feeling of a forbidden fruit. Forbidden fruit - that's what it tasted like! This woman tasted like the fruit that you most want to eat. Like the wild raspberry that grows in the clearings of the forest in the most remote thickets of bushes, this woman had a special smell, in some ways bold, and in others very soft.

Making your way through tenacious sticky bushes, you will definitely come across some insidious prickly branches that cling to your clothes and try to stop you, slippery logs in the foliage and a lot of annoying midges. And when you get to the cherished branch strewn with wild raspberries, you involuntarily stop yourself in anticipation of this pleasure and unprecedented sweetness. This woman was like a wild raspberry. And I wanted to feel it as strongly as those small nondescript, but so expensive and priceless berries.

But wild raspberries have thorns that they plant in anyone who dares to touch their fruit. Mercilessly torn skin, torn clothes, and blood oozing from small scratches await me as I reach out for sweet berries. I begin to look at this woman, evaluate her lips, her smile and her cold blue eyes, when I suddenly realize that it is not at all a victim and not at all that infinitely pleasant young lady who just talked to me so sweetly. A dispassionate lone she-wolf is looking at me, in whose eyes there is no pity, no compassion and warmth. She is looking at me with infinite intentness and attention, as if evaluating her opportunities and the danger that I can create for her. The gaze and the closed lips tell me that I should be wary of this woman. But I don’t leave, I don’t stop responding to her look, as if she attracts me with her behavior, her seriousness.

Sometimes it seems to me that each person belongs to a certain class of people, to a kind of circle into which he enters. And all people seem to wear bandages of different colors (or T-shirts), which determine belonging to a particular class. There are people who resemble predators in the habits of eating others, suppressing, devouring and hunting in order to achieve more. They are hunters, ready to go to great lengths to crush their next victim, to surpass it, to be stronger. But there are those who are always destined to be victims, herbivorous defenseless creatures, capable only of flight. And they want to follow. This predatory feeling arises by itself without being tied to the social status, opportunities and elitism of the origin of this or that person.

But sometimes it happens that you feel like a predator who sees in front of him a weaker predator that you want to attack. I looked at her, peered into her carnivorous blue eyes, closed lips, perfectly smoothed hair, looked at her business suit, expensive watch on her wrist, peered into her habits, into the sharpness of the movements of this lady, and more and more I caught myself feeling attracted to her.

She was the ideal of my dreams, she was the one that I always wanted to have next to me, which I want to consider all my life, love and try to understand. A strong character, an imperious animal look, intermittent quick movements, a stormy stream of deep thoughts and the piercing with which she looked, all this struck me, made me tremble inside and smile. I love exactly this strength in a woman, steadfastness and stability of views, emotionality that permeates a slender female body and is reflected in the eyes of aggression. A woman who can be a worthy opponent, who will play on the same field with me and will not yield to me. A woman who will potentially be the perfect mother to my child, instilling in him a sense of fighter. A game that starts with one glance, from the moment you first look into those cold, focused eyes and beautiful facial contours, this game fascinated me more and more.

She earns 10 times more than me, manages an entire department, with one click of her fingers, anyone can be fired from the company without severance pay. I thought about it and chuckled. Why am I not afraid of her? Why don’t I feel embarrassed, don’t take a step back, don’t try to get away from her gaze, which so many characteristic men can’t stand?

She asked me why I was grinning, but I couldn't explain it to myself. I understood or felt that I had some kind of power over this she-wolf, over her character, over her energy and dominance.

A conversation ensued, from which I realized that for some reason I dominate her, surpass her, feel more comfortable in communication. In her family there were merchants of the first guild, while in my family there were princes. I told her about my ancestors, about the Khavan princes, who were a very significant and powerful family at the court. Perhaps that is why I feel some subconscious power over this woman. As if I was a little higher than her in class, in terms of the internal organization of myself, I was above her, surpassed her, although in this life I did not achieve much at all.

She proposed to me and I didn't refuse her. She quickly crept up to me, like a she-wolf who wants to get her prey, crept up and jumped right at me from the intricacies of her intrigues. I did not want to see her as an object of desire, I did not want to kiss her or sleep with her, but I felt the attraction that a man feels for a strong, powerful woman. I wanted to crush her, from my weak, unsteady position, I wanted to lower her below me, to make this woman want me. And I felt how much she wanted the same.

Her proposal was not a surprise, she said that she wanted me and invited me to her place. And I accepted this invitation, completely forgetting that wild raspberries have very sharp, ruthlessly scratching thorns.

Her Volvo glided smoothly along the road, and it was very comfortable to sit in the soft leather seat of the car and feel how this woman with cold eyes and a voluptuous grin is now running her hand over my knee, swiping her hand a little higher. The eroticism of this woman lay in her cunning, in her pleasant and so flattering attention to me, in her tender look. She seemed to give herself completely to me, gave her body to my hugs, my kisses and my caresses.

The apartment in the very center of the city was somewhat reminiscent of the decoration of a spacious palace, in which everything was subordinated to the coldness, calmness and alienation. On the vast shelves are hundreds of rare editions of books, a lot of souvenirs from different countries, rare antique porcelain. I was drawn to this woman's ballerina collection because my mom collects porcelain ballerinas! The large bed in the center of the room was like a pedestal, on which she simply fell exhausted as soon as we arrived at her house. Leaning on her arm, she looked at me with the same imperious, hungry coldness in her eyes. And in that look I saw something else, hitherto completely unknown to me. She was the head of the investment department, under her command there were many people who unquestioningly, like soldiers, carried out her orders, were ready to do everything possible so as not to receive a portion of discontent from her. She aspired to the top, she wanted to get a key position in the company, she wanted to build an even more impressive career and make sure that her vision was important to everyone who worked with us. But right now, at the moment when I looked at her, taking off my shirt, I saw a completely different woman: softer, more anxious, fragile and lonely. She wanted to experience something that many successful people do not achieve - warmth and care, attention from a man. I saw a little girl worried about being ignored, a quivering young lady who seemed to have taken off her armor and dropped her sword. She was naked, but this exposure was more internal, symbolizing the accessibility and freedom of my actions.

She held out her hand to me and looked at me with sad hope. I moved closer and touched her palm. In the hands of a woman, I have always been attracted to something special, some kind of grace and softness. For some reason, you always want to kiss women's hands, especially when they are beautiful and well-groomed. In the palm of a woman, one can read the character and fate of a woman, her attitude to the world and herself, her inner world. You can peer for hours at the wrinkles on the skin, at the manicure, at the grace of the fingers and the tenderness with which she clenches her hands into fists. It is said that in the palm of your hand there is a line of life and a line of wisdom. In this regard, my life line bifurcates somewhere in the middle of its path, as if creating two parallel destinies. And then these lines end with the wrist. But my line of wisdom is very short, which means that I am more inclined to throw myself on this bed now and start undressing this beautiful woman than to do science.

In her palm, I read a very strong character, in some ways even rudeness and cruelty. But I did not have time to realize this when she hugged me sharply and threw me on the bed.

Long kisses and attentive glances at each other stretched endlessly. Her lips tasted like wild raspberries, which I love so much. I wanted to kiss her more and more, touch her tongue with my own and feel her lips. This sharpness with which she began to undress me did not let up, and therefore I began to realize that she would not stop, and the decisiveness in her character would always be decisive.

Her sharp claws dug into my back, as if they were the thorns of those wild raspberries I picked as a child. I cooled my ardor by grabbing her head and carefully looking into her eyes. There was a fire in those blue eyes, a cold and calculating flame of a man who wants to get his own way, and for this he will do anything. She was on fire, and it was noticeable, but at the same time a certain smack of her prudence, her internal control of what was happening was created. For me it was a game, one of many that I play and that I really appreciate. And for her, these kisses seemed to me like steps to my goal.

She seemed to be trying to taste my lips, taste my flesh, and there was a feeling that she had little time for this, so she was in such a hurry. I grabbed her wrists and began kissing her neck, cheeks and lips greedily. I wanted to understand why I had such a strong woman in my arms, why she made it so clear to me that she wanted to have me next to her. Is it really the passion that is now on her lips? Or something else?

"Do it for me..." she whispered in a fit of emotion. "I want you to do it."

I looked at her a little more closely, a little more seriously.

What do you want? I asked.

She slightly removed her face from my lips and, looking to the side, said in a cold, impassive tone:

You're the only advisor to the Vice President. I want you to tell him that I'm the best candidate for his first deputy. And I want you to solve this assignment problem. Can you do it?....... For me, my cat!