"Cypress" increased accuracy. Description of large-caliber submachine guns Cypress weapons

The history of this type of small arms has a little more than one century, but its development does not stand still to this day. Even after the advent of automatic rifles, it has not lost its significance. In modern armies and special forces, firearms of this type are especially in demand. Russia is one of the first countries to pioneer the development of submachine guns, and a successful project in the field of creating a new weapon of this kind can be considered a model called "Cypress".

Development

"Cypress" was designed in the era of developed socialism. The creation and refinement of weapons took place during the 70-80s. 20th century under the leadership of Tula gunsmiths headed by N.M. Afanasiev. They took as a basis the Czech submachine gun already developed at that time, but the craftsmen did not simply copy the sample, but carried out a deep redesign of the design, which led to the emergence of more advanced small arms. The completion of work on the creation of this prototype took place in the early 90s of the last century, however, after that it underwent many more upgrades.

appearance
with folded butt

Purpose of weapons

The submachine gun is intended for use by internal troops. Since it was more relevant for them with its simplicity, compactness and the ability to fire at moving objects at a short distance in different modes. For example, in settlements during special operations. At the same time, the weapon of this plan was created not to replace the main systems of automatic or individual weapons among law enforcement officers, but as a new universal addition to their equipment.

Application features

The Cypress comes with special ammunition, bullets fired from it give a lower chance of ricochet, which is of great importance when firing in confined spaces. Also, the possibility of using both of a different type and capacity was transferred from Scorpion. One of its main disadvantages is the inconvenience when hidden wearing under clothing. The handle has a sharp protrusion and every now and then tries to dig into the body. Therefore, in terms of camouflage, it seriously loses to both Western and other domestic developments. Although, if you choose the right wardrobe, this problem can be solved.

Options and additions

Cypress is a weapon of Russia, which was created for employees of special detachments and units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the complexion and additional units are presented in it in accordance with the requirements of these law enforcement agencies. Among the main indicators, in the first place is the noiselessness of firing, which the silencer perfectly copes with, under which its barrel was designed at the development stage. It is also important that the use of modern additional means of aimed shooting is provided for the installation of a laser sight, which provides undeniable advantages when used in shaded and smoky rooms.

Note to the table: striker - conical shape, reflectors - two; the numerator indicates the length of the weapon with the stock folded , the denominator - with the stock unfolded; the numerator indicates the height of the weapon with a magazine for 20 rounds, in the denominator - a magazine for 30 rounds; USM provides single and continuous types of fire; the fuse box is located on the receiver on the left.

Markings

On the body of the submachine gun, its parts and mechanisms, there is a marking, which is presented below:

Track: 1 - ejector hook, 2 - striker, 3 - reflectors
(possible formation of swelling on the body of the sleeve - 4)

findings

Summing up, we can conclude that the Kiparis software is a good small arms for combat in enclosed spaces in an urban environment and for special operations in populated areas. Possessing the ability to effectively use in terms of compactness, reliability, range and accuracy of fire, compatibility with modern aiming systems and the use of a silencer for silent shooting. As for the shortcomings, these are just small omissions of the designers. One way or another, experts still consider it the best among the created submachine guns in the entire history of this type of firearm in the modern history of Russia, and a worthy representative of its family among Western developments.

Since 1949, in the USSR, for the needs of the army, supplies of machine guns using 7.62-mm cartridges of 1943, the so-called intermediate ones, have been arranged. For this reason, the submachine guns used in the Great Patriotic War were forgotten by the army for several decades. The situation with machine guns for pistol ammunition changed only in the 1970s. As part of the competition theme "Bouquet", design work was started to create a new generation of machine guns-pistols. One of these rifle models was the OTs-02 "Cypress". Weapons began to be mass-produced only in 1992. In the technical documentation it is listed as TKB-0217. You will learn about the device, purpose and performance characteristics of the Cypress submachine gun in this article.

Getting to know the rifle unit

"Cypress" - a weapon for attack and defense. Classified as a light submachine gun. The Kiparis OTs-02 weapon was developed at the Tula TsKIB SOO by order of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union. The author is N. M. Afanasyev, Hero of Socialist Labor. He is also the creator of the A-12.7 heavy machine gun and the AM-23 aircraft gun (the latter model was developed jointly with N. M. Makarov). OTs-02 "Kiparis" - a weapon with a layout scheme identical to the Czechoslovak Vz.61 Scorpion submachine gun of 1961 release.

About the history of creation

In the early 1970s, the Soviet army leadership became interested in the topic of compact weapons designed specifically for elite power units. As part of the Bouquet project, gunsmiths began to develop a small-sized submachine gun. At the same time, in Izhevsk, the Soviet designer of the Central Research Institute TochMash Tkachev P.A. improved the legendary AK on the topic "Modern". Soon, the gunsmith assembled a light machine gun for a 5.4-mm machine gun cartridge. The unified rifle unit in the technical documentation is listed as AKS-74U and weighs no more than a submachine gun.

The theme "Bouquet" was relegated to the background. Machine guns began to be produced in large quantities and delivered to law enforcement agencies. Nevertheless, the AKS-74U turned out to be quite ugly, and the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs returned to the theme of "Bouquet", namely to submachine guns.

Description

The Cypress pistol (a photo of the rifle unit is presented in the article) has the same layout as the Czechoslovak-made Scorpion submachine gun. Such an arrangement is characterized by the location of the firing control handle at the butt plate and the magazine in front of the trigger guard.

The shoulder rest is placed on top of the box lid. To do this, it is enough to turn it up and forward. Trigger-type USM is assembled separately from all automation. The connection of the firing mechanism and the box is provided by means of hinges. The handle with which the shutter is cocked is located on the right side of the box. On the left there is a place for a flag fuse-translator of the shooting mode. Judging by the reviews, such a constructive solution turned out to be very successful, since it is more convenient for a fighter to control the fire mode with his thumb. On the left side of the body there are swivels, with which a belt is attached to the submachine gun. As sighting devices, a two-position rear sight (designed for a distance of 25 and 75 m) and a front sight are used.

How does a weapon work?

"Cypress", the photo of which allows you to get an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bits appearance, like all submachine guns, is equipped with automatic blowback. TKB-0217 differs from other rifle samples of this class in that it is fired from the front sear, and the primer breaks the trigger mechanism. Due to this, the fighter can make an aimed first shot. Also, during single-shot firing, dispersion is minimized, which cannot be said about weapons firing from the rear sear. Ammunition is fed into the chamber from straight box-type clips. Pistol stores are presented in three versions: 10, 20 and 30 rounds. They are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Double exit. Extraction of used sleeves is carried out upwards. After the ammunition is used up, the bolt moves to the rear position.

What is the feature?

According to experts, the peculiarity of the "Cypresses" is the presence of special devices that slow down the rate of fire. Despite the fact that 1250 rounds per minute can be fired from Israeli-made ultrasound, American Ingrem and Izhevsk Klinov - 1200 each, many military experts are convinced that 450 rounds per minute is considered the most optimal for weapons of this class, since it is easier for a fighter to control. Also, "Cypress" is equipped with a special anti-bounce - a massive inertial body that can move freely in the bolt cavity.

About PBS

Since the Cypress was created as an elite weapon of the special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to perform highly specific tasks, the developers provided for the ability to install muzzle nozzles on it. To do this, the part of the barrel protruding from the box was made smooth and given a cylindrical shape. If necessary, a fighter can put on it a nozzle for silent and flameless shooting, which is often called a silencer.

About performance characteristics

• The Cypress pistol was developed in 1972.
• In service with the special forces of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs since 1992.
• A rifle unit with an ammunition load of 30 rounds without PBS and a laser designator weighs 1.6 kg. With a full 20-round magazine, a silent shooting device and a target designator - 2.6 kg.
• The length of the pistol barrel is 15.6 cm.
• The total length of the 9 mm submachine gun (without silencer and stock) does not exceed 31.7 cm.
• With a silencer and an open butt, the size of the weapon is 73 cm, with a folded butt and a nozzle - 45.2 cm, with an open butt and without a silencer - 59.5 cm.
• The weapon is loaded with 9 × 18 mm Makarov pistol cartridges.
• Within one minute, from 850 to 900 shots can be fired from this model.
• The fired projectile moves at a speed of 320-335 m/s.
• Aimed fire is possible at a distance of up to 75 m.
• Equipped with clips of 10, 20 and 30 rounds of ammunition.

Finally

According to weapons experts, the OTs-02 "Cypress" can be considered a fairly successful weapon. Although the main task, namely to create a compact submachine gun, was not fully realized by the developers, this rifle model turned out to be one of the best for use in urban conditions and in a closed room.

This model of a submachine gun is of particular interest, since this weapon is at least remotely close to those samples of submachine guns that can be carried hidden. It was naturally developed without taking into account such a possibility, but if you look at other domestic models, then Cypress or OTs-02 is the closest among others to the fact that it could be used that way. Nevertheless, one can argue with this, especially since there are plenty of arguments to prove not the most comfortable wearing without even hiding the weapon, but not the largest mass and dimensions of Cypress favorably distinguish it from many other models of submachine guns, although there are many more compact weapons, even the unusual PP-90 submachine gun.

The Cypress submachine gun was developed back in the 70s of the last century, however, for a number of reasons, this weapon model was finally finalized only in the early 90s. The well-known designer Afanasiev led the development of the Kiparis submachine gun. The main model for creating a new submachine gun was the Czech PP Scorpio, but naturally, it was impossible to simply copy the weapon, the careful processing of this sample made both submachine guns almost completely different in appearance, and if you don’t know, then it will be very problematic to find a relationship between them . First of all, the handles of submachine guns are thrown, which are both different and have some similarities with each other. However, this is only a handle and it is very problematic to come up with something in excess of the norm with it. They are similar in their outline and seemingly excessive thickness, while the differences lie in the angle of inclination, so if the Scorpion submachine gun has a handle that is actually perpendicular to the receiver, then the domestic Cypress has a handle located at an angle to the weapon. There are several opinions on this matter, as adherents of the perpendicular handle argue that it is most convenient to use it with the butt folded, while the handle at an angle is more practical when using the butt. To be honest, it has long been measured and proved that the handle of the weapon should be tilted, this has a positive effect both on the distribution of recoil when shooting and on a more convenient hold of the weapon, with or without a butt. Accordingly, we can conclude that a straight handle is more a matter of habit, well, or of any physiological characteristics of a person using a weapon, although it is difficult to imagine which ones. In general, if we talk about the convenience of weapons, then the scorpion submachine gun seems to be more convenient, despite the handle, mainly due to the fact that it has smaller dimensions, well, and is devoid of some of the shortcomings that are typical for Cypress.

The Cypress submachine gun was designed already at the end of development for the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as there was an acute shortage of relatively compact weapons suitable for use in confined spaces and in urban areas. The fact that this should be a submachine gun is immediately clear, since the bullets of the weapon should give a minimum number of ricochets, have a relatively small flight distance and at the same time have a sufficient stopping effect, that is, it could only be pistol cartridges. Naturally, they chose 9x18 PM and 9x18 PMM cartridges, there was no talk of using the old pistol 7.62 TT cartridges. In addition, a separate requirement was that the weapon should be able to easily and quickly install a silent firing device. It is noteworthy that in relation to this submachine gun, no decisions were made to replace the shortened Kalashnikov assault rifles with it, that is, this weapon model was considered as an independent unit used on a par with the main weapon, and not as a replacement for something or as a universal weapon suitable for all tasks.

The simplicity of design and ease of maintenance of this model of a submachine gun made it a fairly competitive model, which in turn led to the fact that the weapon was adopted by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. The design of the Kiparis submachine gun is quite durable, while it is not as expensive to manufacture as some other types of weapons, although it is not unified with any other type of weapon. The submachine gun is comfortable to hold, both when shooting and when aiming, although it does not have a forearm as such. But when wearing a weapon, it can cause some discomfort, since a small bolt handle with a sharp end constantly strives to dig into the body, however, this drawback can be easily eliminated, but the fact of the presence of such an annoying little thing is still there. It is difficult to say how well this submachine gun was designed in terms of its concealed carrying, on the one hand, the weapon is relatively compact, but that's only relative to other domestic submachine guns and small-sized machine guns, with Western models, and even with individual models of domestic weapons in this regard, it can lose, but it can really be easily hidden under clothes, the question is what kind of clothes it will be.

Of the domestic models, the Cypress submachine gun is similar to the Klin, but it also has a number of differences, such as a longer barrel and larger dimensions that allow you to comfortably hold the weapon when firing, placed on the left side, the shutter handle and the translator of fire modes and so on. The automation of the Cypress submachine gun is based on the stroke of the free shutter, the trigger mechanism is designed in such a way that it provides both automatic fire and single shots. Incomplete assembly and disassembly of weapons for cleaning is as convenient and implemented as possible, so that it can be carried out in virtually any conditions, while it is noteworthy that the weapon does not have any small parts that could be lost. The receiver is made not by stamping, but by milling, which greatly increases the cost of producing weapons, but its reliability also becomes higher. But the barrel of the weapon, unfortunately, cannot be called durable, since its resource is only 6 thousand shots, however, given that the weapon is used quite rarely, and the barrel can be replaced, this cannot be attributed to a big drawback of the submachine gun. To slow down the rate of fire when firing in bursts, a bolt retarder was introduced into the design of the Kiparis submachine gun. The retarder rotates on the sleeve, has a working surface with which the bolt contacts (hit) in its rearmost position and a comb in contact with the bolt. The design of the retarder is quite original and, which is not unimportant, is effective with such an automation scheme. In addition to the fact that the shooting is regulated by retarders, it is also a positive feature that its presence contributes to a significant recoil mitigation when firing a burst, which in turn affects both the ease of handling weapons and the accuracy of firing. The Cypress submachine gun is equipped with a folding butt, which, when unfolded, is located at an angle to the submachine gun itself, on the one hand, this greatly facilitates aiming, on the other hand, since the butt is not placed on the line of fire, it affects the accuracy of fire. However, given that this is still a submachine gun, which also uses not the most powerful ammunition, this feature cannot be attributed to the disadvantages of the weapon, and the ability to quickly and conveniently aim is more in demand in relation to this submachine gun in view of its scope applications. An interesting feature of this submachine gun is that it can provide relatively accurate fire at distances up to 100-120 meters (depending on the ammunition used in the weapon), but its sights are designed for distances up to 75 meters, that is, it is one of there are few examples where the effective range is lower than the effective one. If we already touch on the topic of accuracy at different distances to the target, then we cannot remain silent about the fact that when firing at a distance of 25 meters in a burst, all bullets fit into a circle with a diameter of 67 millimeters, and most of them lie in a circle with a radius of 28 millimeters, well, at least that's what the manufacturer says. In reality, things are a little worse, but the accuracy of the weapon is quite high and close to the declared one, even despite the fact that the weapon has a fairly high rate of fire. In general, the Cypress submachine gun is a fairly accurate weapon for its class, although it is inferior to individual models with a more complex design, but if you compare the weapon in terms of price and quality, then Cypress looks more attractive, although not at all a cheap example of a submachine gun. The ease of holding the weapon, the short stroke of the shutter and the presence of a retarder are the main points that make this submachine gun more attractive in comparison with other models of weapons. At the same time, the milled receiver of the weapon significantly increases its price, although at the same time the reliability of the weapon, so it is difficult to say whether it is a minus or a plus of this submachine gun, it all depends on which side to look at this issue. Although it is obvious that for a single copy it will not raise the cost to the skies, but for a more or less large batch it can have a significant impact on the price, to the point that a cheaper version of the weapon will be preferred, albeit with an underestimated resource and characteristics, but characterized by low price and ease of production. But in this case, as we know, preference was given to reliability and durability, rather than the lower cost of weapons, however, since Cypress weapons are by no means mass-produced, it is clear that such a decision is not only correct, but also profitable. And in general, the choice of a more durable weapon is always more profitable, since in the future less money is spent on repairs and maintenance, only you have to pay more right away.

Since the weapon was originally planned as an example of compactness and low weight, its dimensions had to be small, especially since the Czech Scorpion, which stands out for its really small size, became the prototype for this submachine gun. However, in reality, it turned out to be difficult to realize the compactness of the weapon, as planned, for a number of reasons. So taken as a basis, the Scorpion had a magazine location in front of the trigger guard, which was transferred to Cypress, in addition, the scorpion has a shorter barrel, as well as a correspondingly shorter receiver, in Cypress, in order to provide the weapon with sufficient accuracy of fire, more a long barrel, and for a comfortable hold of the weapon, the receiver is enlarged. Thus, the length of the weapon with the butt folded is 317 millimeters, with the butt unfolded - 590 millimeters. Naturally, it is impossible to call such a weapon ultra-compact, but one should not say that it is huge either. Of course, more compact dimensions could be achieved by placing the magazine inside the handle, by rolling the bolt onto the barrel, and so on, but all this would completely change the design of the submachine gun and Cypress would no longer be Cypress. The weapon is fed from double-row box magazines with a capacity of 10, 20 and 30 rounds, while magazines for 20 and 30 rounds significantly increase the height of the weapon, therefore, if necessary, concealed carry stores with a capacity of 10 rounds are used. The height of a weapon with a magazine of 20 rounds will be 172 mm, with a magazine of 30 rounds - 226 mm. The rate of automatic fire can be varied by simple manipulations from 600 to 900 (by default) shots per minute.

Summing up all of the above, we can say with confidence that the Cypress submachine gun is a fairly successful weapon. Despite the fact that the main goal, the creation of a compact submachine gun, was not entirely achieved, this type of weapon is inherently one of the best for combat in enclosed spaces and in urban areas among domestic submachine guns. Of course, there are also disadvantages and shortcomings in the weapon, which, it would seem, are easy to eliminate, but for some reason, manufacturers do not pay attention to them, although they are obvious. In addition, it should be noted that in this model of weapons it is possible to install a silent or low-noise firing device. The addition of weapons with various sights and the ability to install a laser designator is also a plus, although this has long been the norm for modern weapons. The only negative point that needs to be taken into account is the price of this submachine gun, but the high price of a weapon is an inevitable price for its reliability and durability, which cannot be avoided.

Tactical and technical characteristics

Caliber…9 mm

Cartridge…9x18 PM

Mass of weapon without cartridges

(with 30-slot magazine)…1.6 kg

Mass of weapons with 20 seater

store, PBS and LCC ... 2.1 kg

Weapon length:

with a folded butt and with PBS ... 730 mm

with folded butt without PBS ... 595 mm

with folded butt with PBS ... 452 mm

with stock folded…317 mm

Barrel length…156 mm

Muzzle velocity… 320 m/s

Rate of fire… 750-1050 rds/min

Sighting range ... 75 m

Magazine capacity…20 or 30 rounds

Submachine gun OTs-02 "Cypress" with a folded butt, installed PBS and LCC

Submachine gun OTs-02 "Cypress" with a folded butt

Incomplete disassembly of the OTs-02 "Cypress" submachine gun

Another submachine gun, also from the backlog of the 1970s, was the 9-mm OTs-2 "Kiparis", developed under the regular pistol cartridge 9x18 PM in TsKIB SOO (Tula) N.M. Afanasyev with the participation of V.K. Panfilov and D.M. Pleshkov.

Automation - based on the free shutter recoil. The barrel with the bolt box is pivotally connected to the body of the firing mechanism and leans down during disassembly. The percussion mechanism is trigger, assembled separately and removed entirely during disassembly, the shot is fired from the front sear. In the rear part of the body of the firing mechanism, a mechanical retarder of the rate of fire is mounted, which increases the stability and controllability of the weapon by reducing the rate.

The flag translator-fuse is located on the left and sets the modes of single and continuous (automatic) fire.

Lightweight metal stock folds up and down. When the cartridges in the store are used up, the protrusion of its feeder turns on the shutter stop.

Sector sight - with a drum (cam) like an APS pistol. The front sight is adjustable when shooting. Provision is made for fastening a laser target designator (LTD) and a silencer (SBS) without elastic elements.

A relatively long barrel for this class of submachine guns and a number of measures that increase stability during firing made it possible to achieve good accuracy indicators: when firing from a stop without a butt at a distance of 25 m, bullets of one burst fit into a circle with a radius of 67 mm, and the best half of the hits - 28 mm. With a butt, respectively - 64 and 22 mm. When firing in bursts, all bullets fall into a circle with a radius of about 100 mm.

Characteristics

Caliber: 9x18 mm PM
The weight: 1.57 kg without magazine
Length: 590 / 317 mm
Barrel length : 156 mm
Rate of fire: 900 rounds per minute
The shops: box-shaped, two-row, 20 or 30 rounds
Effective firing range: 100-150 meters

The OTs-02 "Kiparis" submachine gun was developed by designer Afanasyev in the 1970s at the Tula Central Design Bureau for Sports and Hunting Weapons (TsKIB SOO) by order of the USSR Ministry of Defense. However, at that time, the subject of submachine guns did not receive development, and the design fell "on the shelf" until the early 1990s, when, by order of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, work on submachine guns was resumed. In 1995, the OTs-02 "Kiparis" submachine gun was adopted by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Currently, it is used by law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation.

The OTs-02 submachine gun is built on the basis of automatic blowback. Shooting is carried out from a closed shutter. The OTs-02 has a trigger mechanism that provides both automatic fire and single-shot fire. The fuse-translator of fire modes is located on the left side of the receiver, above the trigger guard. The receiver is made of stamped steel. OTs-02 is equipped with a shoulder rest that folds up and forward, and can also be equipped with a laser target designator and a removable muffler.