Huang di the yellow emperor. History of China. Three legendary rulers and five first emperors. See what "huang di" is in other dictionaries

Card IV Emperor Master means straightforwardness, willingness to bear responsibility, closeness to reality, prudence, order and clarity. Often it is too hastily interpreted as a symbol of excessive rigidity and soullessness, forgetting that its strength lies

HUAN-DI HUAN-DI

(“yellow ancestor”, “yellow sovereign”, “yellow emperor”), in ancient Chinese mythology culture hero. It is possible that H.-d. as the “yellow sovereign” is a relatively later interpretation of the homonymous combination Huang Di, meaning “brilliant (emitting light) sovereign”, “august ruler” (the point of view of Chinese researchers Yuan Ke, Du Er-wei). At the same time, H.-D. was considered the personification of the magical powers of the earth, hence its connection with the yellow color of loess soils. It has been suggested that H.-D. associated with the totems of the bear (Yuan Ke), jiao, “worm,” “dragon-type” (Lü Zhen-yu), yuan, “large turtle,” “dragon-like lizard” (Li Yan). According to the Japanese scientist Mori Yasutaro, the cult of H.-D. originally developed among the Chen clan, where H.-D. revered as a dragon-like deity of thunder. In various descriptions of H.-d. in the works of the turn of the century. e. there are features that make it similar to the dragon, as one of the main totems of the ancestors of the Chinese.
It is believed that the family surname Kh.-d. there was Gunsun, his name was Xian-yuan (from xian, “chariot”, and yuan, “shaft”). It is possible that one of the exploits of H.-D. is recorded in this name. - invention of the chariot. Some scientists, however, see a connection here with astral ideas about the Christian world. as a constellation reminiscent of a large chariot (W. Münche, West Berlin). According to legend, H.-D. was conceived from a ray of lightning, and when born, immediately began to speak. H.-D. was tall (more than nine chi - about 3 m), had the face of a dragon, a solar horn, four eyes or four faces. Four-eyed or four-faced H.-d. can be interpreted as a reflection of the four-part model of the world, characteristic of ancient Chinese mythology. At the same time, the four-eyed nature of Kh.-d. may indicate the originally shamanic nature of this image (connection with the four-eyed shaman mask of the ancient Chinese). According to the system of ideas that developed by the 6th century. BC e., H.-D. - one of the five gods, rulers of the cardinal directions - the deity of the center, in fact the supreme heavenly deity. Probably, there was a contamination of the image of the first ancestor of the H.-D. with the image of the nameless supreme ruler Shan-di. At the same time, the earthly capital of the H.-D. as the supreme deity began to be localized in the sacred Kunlun Mountains.
H.-D. credited with the invention of the axe, mortar, bow and arrow, dress and shoes. He taught people how to cast bells and tripods, drill wells, make carts and boats, and some musical instruments (it was believed that he made a wonderful drum from the skin of the thunder god). Tradition also connects his name with the continuation of his activities Shen-nuna to determine the medicinal properties of plants and the beginning of healing and medicine as a science (the first medical treatise of Ancient China is called “Huang Di Nei Jing” - “The Book of H.D. on the Internal”). According to mythological legends, an associate of H.-D. named Tsang-tse invented hieroglyphic writing, and Rong Cheng created the calendar. According to some sources, H.-D. the first to establish differences in clothing for men and women (Huainanzi, 2nd century BC). H.-D. He was skilled in using a spear and shield and was going to punish all the rulers who did not come to him with tribute. However, having learned about his intentions, everyone came with gifts. Only the ruler of the south - the sun god Yan-di (according to some versions, the brother of H.-D.) did not want to obey. Then H.-D. gathered tigers, leopards, bears and other predatory animals and fought with Yan-di at Banquan. H.-D. came out victorious. In philosophical texts, this war was interpreted as a war between rain, water and fire (Kh.-D. - water, Yan-di - fire, "Lu-shi Chunqiu" - "Springs and Autumns of Lyu", 3rd century BC .), which perhaps reflects ancient mythological views. After the victory over Yan-di, only one remained unconquered Chi-yu, descendant of Yan-di, whom H.-d. won the Battle of Zholu and executed.
H.-D. he was never at rest, he cleared mountain slopes for crops and paved roads. H.-D. married Leizu, who became his eldest wife and bore him two sons - Xuan-xiao and Chang-i. In total, from different wives of H.-D. there were 25 sons, 14 of them became the founders of new families. In the historicized tradition of H.-D. was revered as a wise ruler who succeeded Shen-nun and allegedly ruled from 2698 to 2598 BC. e. With H.-d. how Sima Qian begins his “Historical Notes” with the first “real” ruler. According to some legends, H.-D. lived 300 years. At the end of his life, a unicorn (qilin) ​​and a phoenix (fenghuang) appeared on earth - a sign of wise rule. According to one version ["Huainanzi", "Lun Heng" ("Critical Judgments") by Wang Chong, 1st century. n. e.], H.-D. at the end of his life he collected copper on Mount Jingshan and cast a tripod. When the work was finished, a dragon descended from the sky. H.-D. grabbed his mustache, sat astride and flew into the sky. According to Taoist versions, H.-d. comprehended Tao, became immortal and flew away on a dragon. Companions of H.-D. They shot at the dragon with bows, thinking to make it go down, but they were not successful (“Huainanzi”). It is believed that H.-d. buried on Qiaoshan Mountain in Shaanxi Province. However, according to Taoist legends, only H.-D.’s clothes were buried in the grave, which remained after he, having become immortal, ascended to heaven (“History of the Han Dynasty” Ban Gu, Han Shu, 1st century AD. ). In the Middle Ages, Taoists revered H.-D. as one of the founders of his teaching (along with Lao Tzu), among the people of the H.-D. revered as the deity of the planet Earth (or Saturn), as the patron god of tailors (according to another version, the god of architecture), and also as one of the gods of medicine (along with Fu-si and Shen-nong).
Lit.: Sima Qian, Historical Notes (Yuan K e, Myths of Ancient China, M., 1965, pp. 100-26; Riftin B.L., From myth to novel. The evolution of the image of a character in Chinese literature. M., 1979, p. 89-100; Imai Uso-buro, Kotei-ni tsuite (About the Yellow Sovereign), “Kambun gakkai kaiho” (Proceedings of the Society for the Study of Kambun), Tokyo, 1953, No. 14; Mitarai Masaru, Kotei densetsu-ni tsuite (Concerning legends about the Yellow Sovereign), “Hiroshima daigaku bungaku bukiye” (Notes of the Literary Faculty of Hiroshima University), 1969, vol. 29, № 1; Tetsuya Keiki, Kotei to Chi-yu-no toso setsuwa-ni tsuite (Regarding the legends about the struggle between Huang-di and Chi-yu), B. L. Riftin.

(Source: “Myths of the Peoples of the World.”)

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Yellow Emperor, Huang Di

Name

Family name

Huang Di's name is usually translated as "Yellow Emperor", but the hieroglyph 帝 di can mean not only "emperor", but also "spirit" or "deity". Part of the name 黄 Juan“yellow” also carries deep symbolism. It is generally accepted that the yellow color corresponds to the characteristic yellowish tint of the waters of the Yellow River. It is appropriate to assume that 黄 Juan must be associated with the color symbolism of river deities and spirits living in the Yellow River. It is interesting that yellow became the imperial color in China; the ruler wore golden-yellow clothes, on the back of which another symbol of imperial power was usually embroidered with gold threads - moon, which is also one of the river deities.

"Yellow Emperor"

Having established peace, Huang Di made sacrifices to the gods, appointed government officials and introduced the first laws in the country. In total, Huang Di had 25 sons, 14 of whom became the founders of famous Chinese clans.

According to legends, he had 1200 wives and concubines.

He is credited with the invention of the axe, boat and oar, mortar and pestle, bow and arrow, dress and shoes, as well as the division of land into plots. His companions created hieroglyphic writing and a calendar.

Founder of a number of intellectual traditions

Huang Di is credited with authoring many classical works, including Huang Di's seminal medical treatise Nei Jing, as well as the short poem Yinfujing, revered in Taoism. The “Toad Canon” is also associated with Huang Di ( Hama ching蝦蟆经), presumably from the Tang Dynasty, containing prescriptions for acupuncture and moxibustion treatments.

Huang Di made it a point to force his ministers, who had any knowledge in matters of treatment, to conduct scientific research. Thus, he suggested that Jiu Daiji understand the main methods of early diagnosis based on changes in skin tone and heart rate, and understand the features of their mutual influence. More than anyone else, he was helped in these matters by Qi Bo, who had great knowledge about medicinal plants, and Lei Gong, an expert in acupuncture of that time.

Attributes, mythologization

According to ancient Chinese mythology, he owned a magic bow known as Wuhao (Chinese: dark cry). The Yellow Emperor held a feast on earth, and when Lun, a messenger from the heavenly palace, arrived, Huang Di rode into the sky on it, but all the people also wanted to fly on it, clutching the Lun's mustache, which could not withstand the weight and broke off. Huang Di's bow, hanging on the moon's mustache, also fell to the ground, thus remaining with the people.

Resurrection and Taoist cult

The resurrection of Huang Di is considered a prototype of achieving immortality in Taoist practices: according to the description in “

This is the most ancient work on Chinese medicine and organisms. It is fundamental in the system of traditional Chinese medicine.

The book is written in the form of dialogues between the Yellow Emperor ( Huang Di) and his court sage Qi-Bo(according to other sources, Qi-Bo was the Heavenly Mentor, the Heavenly Doctor).

Traditional Chinese historiography dates the reign of Huang Di to 2,697 BC. Chinese thinker Shao Yun, who lived during the Song era (1011-1077), in his philosophy of history adhered to the concept of the cyclical nature of the historical process. He believed that any human culture comes to its natural destruction as a result of self-destruction, disasters, and other reasons. However, people do not die completely; some of them survive and contribute to the emergence of a new human culture. Shao Yun believed that Fu Xi(he is credited with authorship) I Jina- "Canon of Changes"), Shen Nong(author of the first pharmacological treatise) and Huang Di were representatives and disseminators of knowledge of the previous culture of mankind.

The value of the treatise is not only that it presents medical knowledge, provides methods for treating and preventing diseases, but also that it contains a large amount of information on astronomy, biorhythmics, philosophy, and other sciences of Ancient China, in which man is considered an integral part of the Universe .

If you find the text difficult to understand, be patient and move forward. In subsequent chapters you will be able to get answers to all the questions you had at the beginning. The complex, when given due attention, becomes simple.

Chinese thinker Lao Tzu said: "A journey of a thousand miles begins with one step".

On the theory of heavenly truth of high antiquity

In the past there lived a Yellow Ancestor Huang Di (Yellow ancestor Huang Di : one of the legendary founders of Chinese civilization, according to traditional Chinese historiography, reigned around 2697 BC), who from birth possessed fortitude and miraculous abilities. In infancy he could speak, as a child he was distinguished by his intelligence, in his youth he had insight, and as an adult he reached the heavens. Then he turned to the Heavenly Mentor:

I heard that in high antiquity people lived to be one hundred and twenty years old, and their movements and actions remained invariably light and dexterous. Nowadays, people aged fifty act and move with difficulty. Does this mean that times have changed for the worse, or that people have lost some abilities?

Qi Bo (Heavenly mentor Qi-Bo : according to some sources, the court sage of Emperor Huang Di, and according to others, the Heavenly Doctor, who told people about the art of healing) replied:

In ancient times, people knew the true path, measured everything against substances Yin And Ian, they found harmony between art and calculation, the rhythm of eating and drinking was regulated, and the constancy of the rhythm of movement and rest was observed. People did their job without nonsense or fuss. As a result, the physical form and spiritual principle acted in harmony, and people lived healthy all the years allotted to them by nature, reached the age of one hundred, and only then left the world. In modern times, human affairs are not as they used to be. They drink wine instead of milk, vanity has become a constant practice. When drunk, they enter into love affairs, and desires deplete the supply of semen. ching. As a result, true aspiration is wasted and scattered. People, not possessing knowledge, strive for fulfillment and retention; not conforming to the times, they waste their spirit - shen. Deeds accelerate the movements of the heart, violate the laws of joyful harmony of life. Movement and rest in people are not connected with true rhythm, which is why by the age of fifty people are already sick. The Perfectly Wise ( The Perfectly Wise : According to the traditional Chinese worldview, people, as they improve, can achieve different degrees of development. There was a certain gradation of achievements, among which the highest was the achievement of perfect wisdom and, consequently, irreversible changes in the spirit and flesh, giving immortality) in ancient times, when passing on the teaching, they said that all this was a vain falsity, a treacherous wind. There are special days when this disease can be prevented. At this time, one should remain in the serenity of complete peace, non-existent emptiness. Then true breath-qi ( Breath- qi : one of the main categories of organization that is inherent in both man and the universe. It was not just breathing that was considered as an action performed by the lungs, but a multi-stage complex of interconnected processes of interaction between man and nature, the surface expression of which is the movement of air during inhalation and exhalation. Therefore, depending on the context, this term can be interpreted differently. In this term, the signs of action, the state of the object and the object itself are simultaneously realized, which is often found in the terminology of ancient Chinese philosophy) will obediently move in accordance with the rhythm of the eight joints ( Eight joints : this refers to the eight main points of the annual cycle: the beginning of the four seasons, as well as the days of the winter and summer solstices, the spring and autumn equinoxes), and the seed and spirit will remain in the inner spheres, where they are supposed to be. Where does the disease come from in this case?

In this way the aspirations of the will are trained and desires are limited. The heart calms down, the person loses fear. The body is tired, but fatigue is not felt. Breathing-qi becomes obedient, the body becomes pliable. Everything follows its aspirations, and everyone gets what they strive for. That is why a person loves his food, wears his clothes with joy, and rejoices in the customs given to him. High and low people do not envy each other. Such people are called simple, they are not afraid of the world of things, the temptations of debauchery are not able to disturb the peace of their hearts. Tastes and desires cannot tire their eyes. Wisdom, intelligence, comprehension - all this is not valued by such people. They are not afraid of the world of things, and therefore do not deviate from the right path. In this case, you can reach the age of one hundred years, and continue to move and work as before easily. In this way, the integrity of their spiritual powers is not compromised.

A person lives to an old age and is unable to have children. His strength and abilities are depleted. At what time, predetermined by Heaven, does this happen?

When a girl lives for seven years, her kidney chi breathing reaches its peak, at which time her teeth change and her hair grows. The girl lives twice for seven years, and the point of the GUY sign is reached ( Sign point GUY celestial cycle : Corresponds to the tenth digit of the decimal celestial cycle, used in Chinese chronology along with the duodecimal terrestrial cycle to designate any segments of the time cycle. This sign correlates with the element of water, and among the internal organs it corresponds to the kidneys) of the celestial cycle. At this time, breathing qi begins to move freely along the conception meridian ren-mai ( Conception Meridian ren-may : One of the eight channels of the wonderful meridians. It begins inside the lower abdomen, surfaces at the perineum and rises up along the midline of the abdomen and chest, reaches the chin, branches around the mouth and ends in the eye area). The Chun-Mai channel reaches its peak ( Channel chun-mai : One of the eight channels of the wonderful meridians. It starts inside the lower abdomen and rises up the side of the abdominal cavity along with the small yin meridian on the leg. At the top it connects with the ren-mai channel and dissipates in the mouth area, distributed through the holes on the head. In the downward direction, it moves together with the small yin meridian on the leg along the inner surface of the thigh, in the middle of the knee fossa, along the shin, along the back surface of the inner ankle, ending in the area of ​​the big toe). Menstruation begins and occurs at a certain time. From this age a woman can have children. Three times seven years pass, and the breathing-qi of the kidneys becomes calm and balanced. Real teeth appear and the growth of the organism reaches its limit. Four times seven years pass, the tendons and bones become hard. Hair development ends. The body reaches a period of maturity, the prime of life. Five times seven years pass, and the activity of the light yang meridian begins to fade ( Meridian light yang : one of the six yang meridians. In this case, we mean the meridian of the stomach, light yang on the leg), the face withers, hair loss begins. Six times seven years pass and in the upper part of the body the decline of the three Yang meridians begins ( Three yang meridians : meridians light yang, super-yang and small yang. They are distributed over the arms and legs. Thus, when we talk about three yang meridians, we actually mean all six yang meridians.) The whole face fades, the hair begins to turn grey. Seven times seven years pass, the conception meridian is emptied, and the Chung Mai meridian declines. Menstruation stops, the path of the Earth is completed and closed. Therefore, the body begins to break down and the woman is no longer able to bear children.

At the age of eight, a man's respiration of kidney qi becomes complete. During this time, hair grows and teeth change. Two times of eight years pass, and the respiration of kidney qi reaches its peak. A man reaches puberty. The breath-qi of the seed-jing overflows and overflows. Substances Yin And Ian are in harmony of connection, and therefore from this age a man is able to have children. Three times of eight years pass, and the kidney qi breathing becomes calm and even. Tendons and bones become strong and strong. Wisdom teeth appear and growth reaches its limit. Four times eight years pass, the tendons and bones reach their prime, the muscles become strong, and maturity is achieved. Five times eight years pass, and the respiration of the kidneys begins to decrease, hair falls out, and teeth deteriorate. Six times eight years pass, and the breath-qi of the Yang substance is depleted in the upper part of the body. The face fades, and the hair on the head and temples begins to turn grey. Seven times eight years pass, and the breathing-qi of the liver declines, the tendons are no longer able to move, sexual strength is depleted, semen becomes scarce, the kidneys weaken, the development of the body reaches its limit. Eight times eight years pass, teeth and hair fall out.

The kidneys control the element of water, they receive and store the seed-jing, which comes from the five organs-zang ( Five organs- zang : liver, heart, spleen, lungs, kidneys. Relates to substance Yin. Their function is to accumulate (zang) the seed-jing, which is the energetic basis for the corresponding functions of perception of the human body) and the six organs-fu ( Six organs- ugh : gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder and three heaters. Relates to substance Ian. One of their functions is to ensure the vital activity of their corresponding paired organs - zang. Fu organs transform water and grains, move body fluids (jin-e)). Therefore, if the five zang organs are in a state of flowering, the seed can be erupted. When the organs fall into a state of decline, the tendons and bones relax and collapse, sexual strength is depleted, the hair turns grey, the body becomes heavy, a person’s steps and movements lose stability and fidelity, he is no longer able to have children.

When a person is naturally predetermined to have a longer life span, the channels through which the qi breath moves do not lose their patency, and the kidney qi breath is available in abundance. If a child is born to parents in old age, then the boy will live no more than eight times eight years, and the girl - seven times seven, since during this period of time the breath-qi of the seed-jing of Heaven and Earth will be completely depleted in them.

And if a person does not depart from the path-Tao ( Path- Tao : the ideal trajectory of an individual in the space of life, which is carried out if a person does not violate the universal laws of interaction between Heaven, Earth and Man), then can he have children, despite being a hundred years old?

And if a person does not depart from the path of Tao, then, despite old age, his bodily form is completely preserved, and even if he is many years old, he is able to have children.

I heard that in ancient times there were people who knew the truth, who owned Heaven and Earth. With their left and right hands they held the substances Yin and Yang, exhaled and inhaled the seed-jing and breath-chi. They stood independently, holding the spirit-shen. Their muscles were one. They could live indefinitely, like Heaven and Earth, for this was their path to know the truth.

During Middle Antiquity ( Middle Antiquity : times that follow the era of high (deep) antiquity. This time corresponds to the reign of the legendary Emperor Yu of the Xia era - 21st century BC) there were people who achieved enlightenment. They were pure in their inner efforts, integral in their movement along the path of Tao. They maintained the unity of harmony with the substances Yin and Yang. They acted in accordance with the four stages of the time cycle ( Four stages of the time cycle : origin, development, result, preservation. In any time process (spring-summer-autumn-winter; morning-noon-evening-midnight) four stages can be distinguished). They saved up the jing seed and kept the shen spirit intact. Traveled freely between Heaven and Earth, saw and heard beyond the eight limits (Eight Limits: this term can be understood in both a temporal and spatial sense. When describing time (heavenly level) it implies the points of eight articulations, when describing space (earthly level) it corresponds to the eight cardinal directions). Such people live to the limit of their destined years, but remain strong. Ultimately, they also gain insight into the highest truth, achieving perfection.

After them come perfectly wise: shen-ren who are in harmony between Heaven and Earth, follow the laws of movement of the eight winds ( Eight winds - these are the winds of the eight cardinal directions: east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north, northeast). They conform to the desires and passions that exist among the people, and do not hide irritation and anger in their hearts. Such a person acts without seeking to escape from worldly concerns. He wears ordinary clothes, but his actions are not guided by vulgar morals. In the external sphere, it does not tire the bodily shell. In the inner world he does not bother himself with thoughts. What he has to do, he does by maintaining serene peace. His job is to return to himself. His body is not destroyed, the seed-jing and spirit-shen do not dissipate. Such a person is also capable of living a hundred years.

After the perfectly wise, wise people come in the hierarchy: xian-ren ( Wise people xian-ren : one of the degrees of attainment of perfect wisdom, the specific characteristics of which are described in the text). They are guided by the scheme of interaction between Heaven and Earth, embody the images of the Sun and the Moon, understand the position of stars and constellations, and know the direct and reverse sequence of changing the signs of the substances Yin and Yang. They are able to distinguish the characteristics of the four stages of the time cycle. If you follow the precepts of ancient times ( Antiquity : the same as high antiquity - the reign of the legendary ancestors Huang Di, Fu Xi and Shen Nung - until the 16th century BC), when people had not yet departed from the true path, then life can also be extended and achieve maximum longevity.

About the great theory of harmonization of the spirit of the four breaths-qi

Three months of spring have characteristics "appearance and ordering". At this time, Heaven and Earth are born, all entity-objects blossom. You should go to bed late at night and get up at dawn, walk around the yard with long steps, and move smoothly with your hair down. In this way you will contribute to the emergence of feelings and volitions. One should give life, not kill. It should be given, not taken away; praise rather than punish. This way of promoting health corresponds to the breath-qi of spring. If you do not behave accordingly, you will damage your liver, and in the summer you will develop painful cold syndrome, since the breathing-qi in the body will not be enough for cultivation.

Three months of summer are called "blooming and blooming". At this time, the connection of the breath-qi of Heaven and Earth occurs. Ten thousand entity-objects ( Ten thousand entity entities : meaning all objects and entities of the universe) bloom and bear fruit. You need to go to bed late and get up early. You should not stay in the sun for too long. It is necessary to ensure that there is no irritation in emotional manifestations. Let the ovary form in the flowers. It is necessary that the qi breath overflows, and the excess comes out, and if the object of your desires is outside, then you follow the path of nourishing the life of the summer qi breath. If you violate such regulations, then you harm the heart, and therefore in the fall a debilitating chronic fever will appear, since there will not be enough strength to harvest the harvest, and by the time of the winter solstice the disease will manifest itself with renewed vigor.

Three months of autumn are called "volume determination". At this time, the amount of heavenly breath-qi is limited, and the earthly breath-qi becomes clearer. You should go to bed early and get up early. It's better to rise with roosters. As a result, aspirations and volitions will calm down and stabilize, which is why autumn punishments should be mild. The harvest of spirit-shen and breath-qi should be harvested, and then the autumn breath-qi will be smooth. And if you don’t direct your emotions outward, then the breath-qi of the lungs will be pure. This is the path that promotes harvesting and corresponds to the breath-chi of autumn. If you behave differently, you will damage your lungs, and as a result, in winter you will suffer from indigestion and diarrhea, since there will be a lack of energy to carry out the function of preserving the harvest.

Three months of winter called time "saving in shelter". The water turns to ice, the earth cracks. You should not disturb the Yang substance, you should go to bed early and wake up late, you should sleep until the sun rises. Emotional aspirations should be hidden, hidden, as if you have secret intentions in your soul, as if you are expecting some benefit for yourself. You need to avoid cold and strive for warmth. However, you should not allow sweat to form on the skin, as this leads to large losses of breathing-qi. If you behave according to the recommendations, you will contribute to the fulfillment of the function of preserving the harvest, which corresponds to winter breathing-qi. If you do not follow the recommendations, you will damage your kidneys, and in the spring you will suffer from tendon diseases and problems with blood circulation and the circulation of qi breath in the limbs, since in the spring there will not be enough qi breath to promote the birth function.

Heavenly breath-qi is pure, transparent, light and clear. It constantly stores the power-de ( Force- de : power (potency) that accumulates by an individual as a result of the sum of efforts aimed at following the path-Tao) and does not fall down. When the sky seems clear, the light of the sun and moon fades. Then pathogens penetrate into the body openings. When the path for the influence of the breath-qi of the Yang substance is closed, then the breath-qi of the Earth flourishes. If the fogs stop concentrating to create clouds, then white dew naturally stops falling from above. If the connection between Heaven and Earth is lost, then the purpose of ten thousand entity-objects ceases to be fulfilled correctly, and if it is not fulfilled, then fruits and trees die. When the harmful breath-qi does not dissipate, then the rhythm of winds and rains is disrupted, white dew does not fall, plants in the gardens stop blooming and dry out. When destructive winds blow and heavy rains often fall, this means that Heaven and Earth, the four seasons, cease to support each other, and their change is not consistent with the true path-tao. In this case, death will come in the near future. Only the completely wise follow the path of Tao, and therefore no deviations or diseases arise in his body. If ten thousand entity-objects do not deviate from the true path-dao, then the breath-qi of life force will not be depleted.

If the movement of the breath-qi of spring is disrupted, then the generation of the small yang meridian does not occur (Meridians of small yang, super-yang, super-yin, small yin: in this case, respectively, the breath-qi of the four seasons in the human body), and as a result the movement liver qi breathing disrupts its action.

When the movement of the breath-qi of summer is disrupted, then the cultivation of the super-yang meridian does not occur (Meridians small yang, super-yang, super-yin, small yin: in this case, respectively, the breath-qi of the four seasons in the human body is designated), as a result, the the work of breathing-chi of the heart.

When the correct movement of the breath-qi of autumn is disrupted, then the harvest corresponding to the breath-qi of the super-yin meridian is not born (Meridians small yang, super-yang, super-yin, small yin: in this case, respectively, the breath-qi of the four seasons in the human body), and therefore the breathing-qi of the lungs overheats and stagnates.

If the correct movement of the winter qi breath is disturbed, then there is no proper preservation of the fruits corresponding to the qi breath of the small yin meridian (Meridians small yang, super yang, super yin, small yin: in this case, respectively, the qi breath of the four seasons in human body), as a result of which the activity of respiration-qi of the kidneys is suppressed.

The four stages of the time cycle, as well as the substances Yin and Yang, represent the root and trunk of ten thousand entity-objects. Therefore, the sage takes care of the Yang substance in spring and summer, and the Yin substance in winter and autumn. In this way it is able to preserve and maintain its root. Together with ten thousand entity-objects, he pulsates in the gates of birth and growth ( Gate of Birth and Growth : birth and growth are functions corresponding to the first two stages of the time cycle). If you counteract the natural movement of the root, you thereby cut down the trunk, destroying your own true nature. The substances Yin and Yang, the four stages of the time cycle, represent the beginning and end of ten thousand entity-objects, and are the basis of death and birth. If you violate natural law, you will destroy and expose life to suffering. If you follow nature, then no diseases will arise. This is called finding the path.

The sage implements the true path in his actions, but the fool only respects the true path. Following the substances of Yin and Yang corresponds to life, and opposing it corresponds to death. Following is the essence of treatment-ordering, and opposition is chaos and confusion. Inflexibility is resistance; it corresponds to internal resistance.

The sage cures a disease before it has yet appeared. It puts the body in order not during turmoil, but when it is not yet there. This is what is discussed above. If you take medicine when the disease has arisen, if you begin to restore order during times of turmoil, it is very similar to digging a well during thirst; similar to making weapons when the battle has already begun. At this stage it is too late to take such measures.

Reasoning about communication with the Heaven of the breath-qi of birth-life

Huang Di says:

Since ancient times, communication with Heaven has been the root of life, for this root is the substances Yin and Yang. And between Heaven and Earth, within six boundaries ( Within six borders : refers to the space between Heaven and Earth, which is designated as the four cardinal directions, top and bottom), the breath-qi of the nine divisions of the earth ( Nine Divisions of the Earth : In traditional Chinese philosophy there was a concept of a nine-fold division of the world. Thus, the nine regions were both in Heaven and on Earth and in Man) and the breath-qi of the nine holes of the human body ( Nine holes of the human body : these are two eyes, two ears, nose, mouth, genitals, urethra, anus), five zang organs, twelve joints ( Twelve joints : in this context, understood as the twelve main joints of the human body: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle joints. At the same time, the twelve joints mean the main points of the duodecimal time cycle) - all communicate with the heavenly breath-qi.

It gives birth to five elements ( Five elements : wood, fire, soil, metal, water. This division is one of the main classification schemes of the traditional Chinese worldview), and the breath-qi of three varieties of meridians appears ( Three types of meridians : There are three yin and three yang meridians, which are respectively called insufficient yin, small yin, super-yin, light yang, super-yang, small yang). If the rhythm of numbers ( Rhythm of numbers : this refers to the correct interaction between classification schemes that describe the universal laws of interaction of Heaven, Earth, Man (one of the schemes is described above: the scheme of interaction of the five elements). Following them is the main condition for the implementation of an individual’s ideal trajectory in life space. That's what it is path- Tao ) does not correspond, then pathogenic breathing-qi harms the human body, because following lies the basis for prolonging life and achieving longevity.

The qi breath of the azure skies is pure and calm, and emotional impulses and mental movements are ordered according to it. If you follow it, then the qi breath of the Yang substance will be strong, and neither harmful winds nor pathogenic factors will be able to harm a person. This occurs as a result of following the movement of time. Therefore, a perfectly wise person concentrates the seed-tsang and the spirit-shen, feeds on the heavenly breath-qi, and communicates with the light of the spirit-shen. If a person loses the ability to follow the rhythm of time, then nine holes close from the inside, and muscle movement is disrupted at the external level. Protective Breath of Wei Chi ( Protective breathing wei-qi : together with the nourishing breath of yin-qi, it carries out transformations of the breath-qi of drink and food entering the body. The protective breathing of Wei-Qi acts on the surface of the body, outside the Jing-Lo meridian system, thereby carrying out the protective functions of the body) dissipates. This state is called self-harm, destroying the breath-qi.

The breath-qi of the Yang substance plays the same role as the sun in the sky. And if the rhythm of the sun’s movement is disrupted, then creatures die prematurely, the radiance of life disappears. Thus, celestial movement is determined by the brilliance of sunlight. Therefore, in the human body, the Yang substance is located in the upper part, and the protective function is carried out at the external level.

If there is an effect of cold, then the desires should be like the movement of a door hinge (meaning that when interacting with the outside world one should be very careful not to lose control of the senses); You must be careful in your movements, and then the breath-qi of the spirit-shen will remain on the surface.

If there is exposure to heat, then as a result of sweating and internal languor, the patient becomes difficult to breathe.

If there is calm inside, then he is verbose, but his body is like burning coals.

If the sweat comes out, then the heat dissipates.

If humidity acts, the patient feels as if his head is wrapped in rags.

If the humidity and heat persist, then the large tendons contract and shorten, and the small tendons relax and stretch. Contraction and shortening lead to cramps, while relaxation and stretching lead to loss of strength.

If the influence is caused by breathing-qi (meaning the external influence of wind syndrome) ( Wind syndrome : Wind is considered one of the five main pathogenic environmental factors. Diseases caused by exposure to wind are characterized by dizziness, loss of consciousness, convulsions, tremors, numbness), then swelling-edema is formed.

If four pathogenic factors ( Four pathogenic factors : in this context, these are cold, heat, moisture, wind) act on the patient one after another, as a result, the breath-qi of the Yang substance is depleted.

When overwork accumulates in the body, the breathing-qi of the Yang substance becomes tense at the external level, which leads to the consumption of the semen-jing, and this phenomenon is repeated many times in the summer. The result is heat-failure disease. With this disease, vision deteriorates, the ears close and they are unable to hear. The body becomes like a city to which the walls have been destroyed, the person is in an uncontrollable state and cannot control himself.

Severe anger affects the qi breath of the Yang substance in such a way that the body's qi breath is interrupted and the blood stagnates in the upper part of the body, resulting in a superficial circulation disorder in the patient. This in turn harms the tendons, which become weakened and cannot be used.

If the patient sweats on one side of the body, this can lead to unilateral paralysis.

If pathogenic moisture is exposed to the body during sweating, this can lead to the formation of small abscesses and large ulcers.

If a person constantly eats fatty and dense foods, then this is already enough for him to develop boils, since he becomes a completely suitable container for the disease.

If a person sweats while working and the wind blows on him, then as a result of the superficial exposure to cold he develops pimples, and if the cold acts deeply, then boils appear.

If the breath-qi of the Yang substance is refined, then the spirit-shen is nourished; if it is soft and pliable, then the tendons are nourished.

If the rhythm of opening and closing (orifices of the body) is disturbed, and at this time cold is applied, then severe curvature of the spine can occur.

If pathogenic cold penetrates into the channels located in the depths and remains in the muscles and openings of the skin, then the movement of respiration-qi and blood is disrupted, resulting in stagnation, and abscesses and boils appear on the body.

If pathogenic breath-qi of cold penetrates the body through points-shu ( Points shu : located on the back. These are points of direct communication with the five organs - zang), then it passes into the internal parts of the body, suppresses the activity of the five zang organs, harms the emotional and mental sphere, as a result of which the patient develops fears and worries, and the movement of the nourishing breath ying-qi is disrupted ( Ying-qi : breathing-qi, which, together with the protective breathing of wei-qi, carries out transformations of drink and food. The nourishing breath of ying-qi circulates inside the channels and meridians of jing-lo), it stagnates in the muscles, and therefore the patient develops boils.

If sweat is constantly released, then the body weakens, the breath-qi is consumed and burned, as a result of which the shu points close, and therefore fever with wind syndrome occurs.

Wind is the cause of all diseases. If a person is in a calm, peaceful state, then his muscles and skin are closed against the influence of external pathogenic factors. And in this case, any external pathogenic influences are not capable of harming a person. This state is the result of the fact that a person follows the order of changes in the time flow.

If the disease does not go away for a long time, then it progresses and develops inside the body, and this leads to the fact that the communication between the upper and lower parts of the body is disrupted, and at this stage even a good doctor is not able to cure the patient.

If the breath-qi of yang substance accumulates inside the body, the disease can result in death.

If the movement of breathing-qi of the Yang substance is disturbed, the obstacles to this movement should be eliminated.

If pathogenic wind enters the body and affects the qi breath, then the jing seed is destroyed, resulting in pathogenic factors causing damage to the liver.

If a person eats too much, then the action of the tendons and channels in the vertical direction is disrupted, and as a result the intestines become sick, diarrhea begins, and all this leads to the formation of hemorrhoids.

If a person drinks too much, then the movement of breathing-qi of the kidneys is disrupted, as a result of which the vertebral bones in the lumbar region are destroyed.

The most important thing in the state of Yin and Yang substance is that the Yang substance must be dense, then the body is strong. If the harmony of the relationship between Yin and Yang is disturbed, then it is similar to the fact that there is spring and no autumn, or there is winter but no summer. Therefore, the coordination of the actions of two substances is the criterion of the highest wisdom.

If the Yang substance has strength, but does not have the density (to retain the Yin substance inside the body), then the activity of the Yin substance is disrupted.

If the Yin substance is healthy, then the Yang substance remains dense, as a result, the seed-jing and spirit-shen are also fine.

If the coherence of the action of the substances Yin and Yang is disrupted, then the breath-qi of the seed-jing is destroyed.

As a result of exposure to dew and wind from the outside, cold and heat are formed inside (meaning febrile phenomena).

If in the spring a person is exposed to the pathogenic effects of wind, and the pathogenic factors remain inside the body, then the patient may experience severe diarrhea.

If heat has a pathogenic effect on the body in the summer, then in the fall the patient may experience tuberculosis fever.

If in the fall the patient is exposed to the pathogenic effects of cold, then in the spring he should develop a hot fever. The Qi breath of the four seasons thus harms the five zang organs of the human body.

The root of the birth of the Yin substance lies in the five tastes ( Five flavors : sour, bitter, sweet, spicy, salty - correspond to the five organs (tsang). Five Palaces ( Five Palaces of Substance Yin : figurative name for the five zang organs) Yin substances are damaged by the five tastes. Therefore, if a person eats too much sour food, the liver is fed too much, as a result of which the breath-qi of the spleen is depleted.

If a person eats too much salty food, he overworks the qi breathing of the bones and joints, the muscles become short, and as a result, the qi breathing of the heart is suppressed.

If the patient eats too much sweets, the breathing of the heart qi becomes difficult and becomes congested, causing the person to turn black, and the breathing of the kidney qi becomes unbalanced.

If there is too much bitterness, then the spleen qi breath measures its flexibility-humidity, and as a result, the stomach qi breath becomes too dense.

If there is too much spicy food, then the tendons and channels become soggy and limp, as a result of which the seed-jing and spirit-shen are depleted.

Therefore, attention should be paid to harmonizing the five tastes. In this case, the bones will be positioned correctly, the tendons will be flexible, qi breathing and blood will circulate freely in the body, and the holes in the skin will be tight.

If you do this, then the breath-chi of the bones will have the seed-jing.

You should strive to move along the true path-Tao, you need to live according to the correct laws, then you can live a long life, which is destined for you by Heaven, as your destiny.

True speeches from a golden casket

Huang Di asks:

There are eight winds in Heaven, and there are five winds in the meridians. What does it mean?

Qi-Bo answers:

The eight winds develop pathogenic factors, and these pathogenic factors lead to the formation of winds in the meridians. The winds come into contact with the internal organs, and then the pathogenic breath of se-qi ( Pathogenic respiration se-qi : pathogenic factors that lead the body to a state of disease. The hieroglyph "se" itself means "deviation from the path-Tao". This, in fact, is the cause of the disease) causes the emergence of a disease process.

There is a so-called coping relationship between the four seasons. They are expressed as follows: spring overcomes the long summer. The long summer overcomes the winter. Winter overcomes summer. Summer overcomes autumn. Autumn overcomes spring.

The east wind is born in the spring and corresponds to liver diseases. The corresponding meridian point-shu is located on the front of the neck.

The south wind is born in summer and corresponds to heart disease. The corresponding meridian point-shu is located on the side of the chest.

The west wind is born in autumn. It corresponds to lung diseases. The corresponding shu point is located on the back of the shoulder.

The north wind is born in winter. It corresponds to kidney disease. The corresponding shu point is located on the lower back and buttocks. (Such points mean the places of the most active circulation of the corresponding meridians).

The center corresponds to the element of soil, diseases of the spleen correspond to it, and the breath of qi circulates along the spine.

Therefore, when pathogenic breathing affects a person in the spring, in most cases, head diseases occur.

If pathogenic respiration strikes in the summer, diseases arise in the internal organs-tsang.

If pathogenic breathing strikes in the fall, then diseases occur in the shoulder and back area.

If pathogenic respiration strikes in winter, then diseases of the four limbs occur.

In the spring, nosebleeds are most likely to occur.

In summer, diseases most often occur in the lateral region of the chest.

During the long summer, diarrhea and internal cold syndromes are most likely to occur.

In autumn, fevers with wind syndrome are more common than other diseases.

In winter, there is usually numbness in the limbs and disturbances in blood circulation and qi breathing.

Therefore, if the breathing-qi is not disturbed in the winter, then nosebleeds will not occur in the spring, and, in addition, throat diseases will not appear in the spring. In summer, diseases will not occur in the lateral region of the chest. During the long summer, diarrhea and internal cold syndrome will not appear. In autumn, fevers with wind syndrome will not appear. In winter, there will be no numbness in the limbs and disturbances in the circulation of qi breathing and blood, there will be no diarrhea as a result of eating, and there will be no excessive sweating.

Semen is the root of the health of the human body and therefore it must be preserved within the body. It is necessary to ensure that colds do not occur in the spring, then in the summer during the heat there will be no sweat, because otherwise in the fall a fever with wind syndrome will occur. These are the methods for determining diseases in a healthy person.

It is said that within the yin substance there is a yin substance, and within the yang substance there is a yang substance.

The essence of this statement is as follows.

From morning to noon, the celestial Yang substance operates, which means that within the Yang substance there is a Yang substance. From noon to dusk, the Yang substance operates in Heaven, but in this case, within the Yang substance there is a Yin substance. From the night until the rooster crows, the Yin substance operates in Heaven, which means that within the Yin substance there is a Yin substance. From the crow of a cock until the sun rises, the Yin substance acts in the Sky, and this means that within the Yin substance there is a Yang substance.

A parallel to this exists in the human body. Regarding the distribution of the Yin and Yang substances in a person, the external corresponds to the Yang substance, and the internal corresponds to the Yin substance.

If we talk about the correspondence of the zang and fu organs of the human body to the substances Yin and Yang, then the zang organs correspond to the Yin substance, and the fu organs correspond to the Yang substance. Thus, the liver, heart, spleen, lungs and kidneys are zang organs and correspond to the Yin substance. The gall bladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, bladder, and three heaters represent the fu organs and correspond to the yang substance.

But how can we find out what corresponds to the presence of the Yang substance in the human body?

In winter, diseases act on the Yin substance, in summer, diseases act on the Yang substance, in spring, diseases act on the Yin substance, in autumn, diseases act on the Yang substance. If you determine the location correctly, then, accordingly, you can use needles or stones to influence the points.

Since the back corresponds to the Yang substance, the Yang substance within the Yang substance is the heart. The back is the Yang substance, and therefore the Yin substance within the Yang substance is the lungs.

The abdominal cavity is a Yin substance, and therefore the Yin substance within the Yin substance is the kidneys. The abdominal cavity is a Yin substance, and therefore the Yang substance within the Yin substance is the liver. The abdominal cavity is a Yin substance, and therefore the extreme expression of the Yin substance within the Yin substance is the spleen.

These are the correspondences of the relationships between the substances Yin and Yang, internal and external, surface and deep, male and female. A similar correspondence is observed in relation to the celestial substances Yin and Yang.

Huang Di says:

Do all cases of correspondence between the five zang organs and the four stages of the time cycle have their own specific analogues?

Qi-Bo answers:

The color blue corresponds to the east; in the body it communicates with the liver, and the openings of the liver are the eyes. The seed-jing of the east is accumulated and stored in the liver. With liver diseases, the patient experiences fears and anxieties. Liver has a sour taste. In the same row there are grass-trees. Of the birds the rooster corresponds. From cereals - wheat. According to the correspondence in Heaven, it is Jupiter, and therefore the breath-chi of spring is the beginning and the head. From the sounds of the scale corresponds to jue ( Sound jue : the third degree of the Chinese five-step scale, corresponds to the note "F-sharp" in the European temperament), and the liver number is eight. Based on this, you should know that the corresponding liver diseases are located in the tendons, and from the smells it corresponds to sour.

The south and red color, penetrating the body, communicate with the heart. The opening of the heart is the ears, and the seed of the south is stored in the heart. That is why diseases of the five zang organs arise. Bitter taste corresponds to the heart. Of the five elements, fire corresponds. Of the animals, this is a ram. From cereals - millet. Of the four seasons, summer corresponds to it, and of the stars, Mars. You should know that diseases corresponding to the heart are located in the May channels. Of the sounds of the scale, this is the sound zheng ( Sound zheng : fourth degree of the Chinese five-step scale, corresponding to the note "A" in the European temperament). Of the numbers - seven. The smell is burnt.

The center is yellow. Once in the human body, it correlates with the spleen. The opening of the spleen is the mouth. And the seed accumulates and is stored in the spleen. Therefore, diseases of this series appear at the base of the tongue. The corresponding taste is sweet. Of the elements, this is the soil. Of the animals - a bull. From cereals - kaoliang. Of the four seasons - mid-summer. Of the planets - Saturn. The corresponding diseases are located in the muscles. Of the sounds, the sound of gong #44# corresponds. Of the numbers, this is five. From smells - aroma.

The color West corresponds to white. Once in the body, it communicates with the lungs. The nose corresponds to the openings of the human body. The seed is stored and accumulated in the lungs. Therefore, diseases are located in the back area. As for the tastes, it is spicy. Of the elements - metal. Of the animals - a horse. From cereals - rice. Of the seasons, autumn corresponds. Venus corresponds in the sky. The corresponding diseases are skin and hair diseases. Of sounds - this is shan ( Sound shan : second degree of the Chinese five-step scale, corresponding to the note "E" in the European temperament). Of the numbers - nine. The smell is like raw flesh.

In the north the color is black. Once in the body, it communicates with the kidneys. Of the body holes, these are the front and back Yin holes ( Front and back yin holes : genitals and anus). The seed is stored and accumulated in the kidneys. The disease is determined at si points (streams) ( Dots- si(streams) : located on the limbs in the area of ​​the wrist or ankle joint, with the gullet points located nearby. Literal translation: "small joints of muscles"). As for the tastes, it is salty. Of the elements - water. Animal: pig. From cereals - beans. Of the seasons, winter corresponds. The planet Mercury corresponds in the sky. The corresponding diseases lie in the bones. Of the sounds of the scale - this is yu ( Sound yu : the fifth degree of the Chinese five-step scale, corresponding to the note "B" in the European temperament). Of the numbers, this is six. The smell is rotten.

A doctor who is perfect in the art of making a diagnosis will carefully examine the state of the five zang organs and the six fu organs and determine the direct and reverse sequence of circulation. It will clarify the relationship between the substances Yin and Yang, between the surface and deep levels, between the masculine and feminine principles. He will carefully store all this information in the memory of his heart. Connects the heart with the jing seed. If a person does not have certain abilities, then it cannot be taught to him. If there is no truth in his aspiration, it is impossible to convey this knowledge to him.

This is the method of obtaining the path-tao.

25 types of people yin and yang.

Yellow Emperor says:

I want to hear about what yin and yang people are like.

Bo-Gao answers:

Between heaven and earth within six conjunctions, everything does not go beyond the five categories, and people also correspond to this. So five by five gives us the direction of 25 types of people. Yin and Yang people are not the same. In the 25 types of Yin and Yang people, there are 5 types, and they are different. They are obtained as a result of the fact that the blood and the power of qi breathing have their own characteristics. How can one accurately understand these features, looking from the outside, in order to know how they work?

Qi-Bo says:

This is a comprehensive question. This is the secret of previous mentors. And although Bo-Gao seems unable to tell it, we will make it clear nonetheless.

The Yellow Emperor stood up, took a few steps back, and said very respectfully:

I heard that if you meet a person who masters this art, he still will not pass it on to you. And this is a great loss. If you receive this art, but do not treat it very respectfully, and just express and tell this knowledge, heaven can punish you for this. I hope that if we receive this knowledge, we will understand it and hide it in the Golden Bins, and will not just pass it on to other people.

Qi-Bo said:

First you need to identify the five types of people based on the five movements - metal, wood, water, fire and soil. Then divide them into five colors, distinguish between five types of bodily form, and thus we get 25 categories.

The Yellow Emperor said:

I want to hear it right away.

Qi-Bo said:

Be careful, be attentive. And your subject will tell you everything.

People who match the movement of the tree by sound are classified as upper jue. They are similar to the Azure Lord. Therefore, these people have a predominant color of azure, they have a small head, a long face, large shoulders and back, a straight body, small arms and legs. They have a good mind and love to set their minds in motion. They have little body strength and are very tired from work.

Such people tolerate spring and summer well, but do not feel well in autumn and winter. If exposure to pathogenic factors occurs and a disease is born, then the insufficient yin meridian on the leg is affected first.

If people correspond to the tonality of the big jue, then they correspond to the small yang meridian on the left leg. And the upper part of the small yang determines that these people are graceful and beautiful. If a person is related to the left jue, which corresponds to the small jue, then this is the small yang meridian on the right leg. And the lower part of the small yang determines that such people have an obedient and soft appearance.

People corresponding to the sound of the right side of the big jue correspond to the small yang meridian on the right leg. This vibration operates in the upper part of the small yang and is expressed as an upward movement, like leaves growing upward. People corresponding to the lower part of the big jue correspond to the lower part of the small yang meridian on the left leg. Such people have a direct and truthful appearance.

People corresponding to the movement of fire correspond to the upper sign zhi. They look like the Crimson Lord. Such people have a predominant red color, they have wide gums, a thin and small face, and a small head. The shoulders and back, hips and stomach are developed very proportionately and beautifully, the arms and legs are small. They walk with quick, decisive steps. When such a person walks, his body sways. The muscles on the shoulders and back are large and dense.

This man is brave and has energy. He collects wealth, but is little trusting, doubts and ponders a lot. He looks at things and analyzes them very sharply and clearly. His complexion is good. In his character he is fast and agile. But he cannot enjoy great longevity, and in most cases he dies abruptly and early. Such people from the seasons tolerate the warmth of spring and summer well, and very poorly tolerate the cold of autumn and winter. And if in the fall and winter they come under the influence of pathogenic factors, then they easily develop diseases.

People who have the upper zhi of the five sounds correspond to the super-yin heart meridian on the hand. These people accept the power of the breath-chi of fire as holistically as possible. Their peculiarity is that they try to find the truth in everything, they know and understand all subjects very deeply.

People who are characterized by the power of fire chi breathing are divided into four types: upper, lower, left and right. The upper part of the left type corresponds to the sound of tai chi and the left part of the super yang meridian on the left hand. The peculiarity of people of this type is that they are enlightened, clear, great in plans, and delve into matters very well. The lower right type of fire vibration corresponds to people of the small zhi sound and the lower part of the super-yang meridian on the right hand. People of this type doubt a lot.

The upper right type are people of the fire type with the right sound of the zhi note, this corresponds to the upper part of the super-yang meridian on the right hand. These people are brave, they don't like to be left behind. The lower left type are people of the fire type, which corresponds to the lower part of the super-yang meridian on the left hand. These people are optimistic, joyful, satisfied, do not grieve and do not fool themselves with problems.

Soil type people correspond to the sound of the upper gong. Their skin color is like that of the Yellow Emperor. Their characteristics are that they have yellow skin, a round face, a large head, shoulders and back with large muscles, healthy and beautiful, and a large belly. The lower limbs from the hip to the foot are very strong and powerful, the feet and hands are small. The muscles are large, the whole body, both above and below, is very proportional. They walk steadily and heavily. In business, they are usually quite trustworthy of other people. These people are calm, unhurried, and not harsh. They love to help other people. They do not pursue power and strength. They love cohesion and connection with people.

Such people tolerate autumn and winter well, do not like spring and summer, and can easily get sick in spring and summer. The soil sound people who correspond to the upper gong sound correspond to the super-yin spleen meridian on the leg. Such people have a holistic embodiment of the power of soil breathing. And their peculiarity is that they are very sincere, trustworthy, and truthful.

There are four types of deviations in soil respiration power. In the upper left, these are people with a large gong sound, they correspond to the upper part of the light yang meridian on the left leg. Their peculiarity is that they are even, peaceful, soft and obedient. People of the lower right type correspond to the vibration of the right gong and the lower part of the light yang meridian on the left leg. Their peculiarity is that these people are cheerful, joyful, and always optimistic.

People of the lower left type correspond to the small gong sound and the upper part of the light yang meridian on the right leg. They are usually very calm, busy with themselves, and do not interfere with anything. The upper right type are people corresponding to the left gong and the lower part of the light yang meridian on the right leg. These are usually kind people.

The person corresponding to the metal corresponds to the sound of the metal - the upper shan. He has skin like the White Emperor. His face is square, his skin is white, his head, shoulders and back are small, his stomach is small, his arms and legs are small. The heel is hard and strong, the bones are also hard and strong. His movements are light and fast. He is honest and pure in character, but harsh in character. If there is no movement, then there is peace. During his movements he is unusually sharp and impudent. Enlightened in history and management. Has the ability to cut and decide clearly.

As for time, it tolerates autumn and winter well, and does not tolerate spring and summer well. In summer and spring it can easily get sick as a result of pathogenic influences. People of this type of metal sound are called upper shang sound people and correspond to the super-yin lung meridian on the hand. Such people absorb the holistic fullness of the breath-chi force of metal. And their peculiarity is that they can be tough and ungrateful.

The power of qi breathing has four types of deviation - upper, lower, left, right. The upper left type corresponds to the metal sounds of the big shan sound, as well as the upper part of the light yang meridian on the left hand. The peculiarity of such people is that they are honest, disciplined, and self-controlled. The lower left type is the right jue from the sounds of metal. It corresponds to the lower part of the light yang meridian on the left hand. Their peculiarity is that they are beautiful, valiant people, free in behavior, relaxed.

The upper right type of metal sounds corresponds to the sound of the left shan and correlates with the upper part of the light yang meridian on the right hand. Such people, by their characteristics, distinguish truth and untruth very well. The lower right type corresponds to the small shan note from the sounds of metal and corresponds to the lower part of the light yang meridian on the right hand. The peculiarity of these people is that they are strict, powerful, strong, heavy.

People of the water form correspond to the note of the upper yu, they are like the Black Lord, Hey-Di. These people have a black complexion, an uneven face, a large head, wide jaws, small shoulders, a large belly, mobile hands and feet. When they act, they sway their whole body. Their back is usually long, elongated, and their pelvis is long.

In their relationships with people, they usually show no respect, caution or fear. They are prone to deception and are often killed by other people. They can tolerate autumn and winter well, but do not like spring and summer. In spring and summer, if they are exposed to pathogenic factors, they can easily get sick. These people from the notes correspond to the vibration of the upper sound yu and the kidney meridian small yin on the leg. This type of person fully embraces the power of water breathing. Their peculiarity is that such a person is humiliated by character and considers himself lower than others.

There are four types of deviations in water breathing force - left, right, upper, lower. The upper right type of water corresponds to the sound of the big yu and corresponds to the upper part of the super-yang meridian on the right leg. People of this type are very broad, open, self-satisfied, self-sufficient. People of the lower left type from the sounds correspond to the small yu, and according to their characteristics correspond to the lower part of the super-yang meridian on the left leg. These people are usually not open, melancholic, and sad.

People of the lower right type from the sounds correspond to the right yu, and correspond to the lower part of the super-yang meridian on the right leg. The peculiarity of these people is their education, culture, and calm approach. In appearance they are like clear water. People of the upper left type correspond to the sound left yu. These people correspond to the upper part of the super-yang meridian on the left leg. According to their characteristics, they are very calm, collected, and determined. But they cannot behave freely and uninhibitedly. It is as if they are wearing handcuffs, shackles and stocks.

The above five types of states, corresponding to wood, fire, soil, metal and water, each have their own characteristics and are divided into 25 types. And since they accept different types of breathing forces, that is why there are variations in the form of 25 types.

The Yellow Emperor said:

How to treat people of these 25 types with injections?

Qi-Bo replied:

You need to take the pulses at the tsun-kou and ren-ying points and, based on this, regulate yin and yang. It is necessary to investigate how it moves, how movement is disrupted along the meridians and branches, to look for points where it thickens and there is no patency - in the body these will be places of pain and circulation disturbances. If something is too overdeveloped, then there is no movement, so condensation and obstruction occurs. As a result of condensation and obstruction, the power of breathing-qi comes in to warm the place. If the blood is harmonized, then it stops. As for thickening and obstruction in blood vessels, thickened blood in vessels is not harmonious. You need to break through it, then it starts to move.

Therefore it is said that if there is an excess of breathing force, it is reflected above. He needs to be led down. If there is a lack of breathing power, and this is expressed at the top, then it needs to be promoted and corrected. And if the power of breathing stagnates and does not come, then you need to move towards it. It is necessary to understand the paths of the meridians, only then will you be able to control the situation.

If there is a struggle between cold and heat, then you need to lead and set in motion. If there is stagnant blood in the vessels, but the blood has not yet thickened, then, depending on different situations, different treatment methods must be used. In general, you must first understand the difference between external features and internal structure depending on the excess and insufficiency of blood in 25 types of people, and then the situation of how patency occurs and obstruction occurs in these people will be clear. It is necessary to understand very precisely the situations for the left, right, top and bottom types. And then you can understand the principles and methods of injections of different types, and then you can understand how to treat.

5 types of people.

The Yellow Emperor asked, addressing Shao-Shi, the Junior Master:

I have heard that people have a yin and yang correspondence. How do you determine what is a yin person and what is a yang person?

The junior mentor, Shao-Shi, said:

Between heaven and earth within the six connections, nothing goes beyond the five, and a person is also in resonance with this, because the situation is not limited to the correspondence of one yin and one yang. But I can only talk about this in general, because it is impossible to fully express it in words, and it is not possible to achieve absolute clarity.

The Yellow Emperor said:

I would like to hear about this at least in general. There are gifted people, there are perfectly wise people. Are they able to accommodate all these schemes in their consciousness and implement them?

Shao Shi said:

There are people in the categories of super-yin, small yin, super-yang and small yang. There are people in the category of harmonious equality of yin and yang. All these five types of people differ in appearance and condition. The ratio between tendons and bones, breathing power and blood is distributed differently in them.

The Yellow Emperor asked:

Can I hear what the difference is in this distribution?

Shao Shi replied:

People of the super-yin category are greedy and lack philanthropy, secretive, hiding under a bushel, who are difficult to discern inside. They like to take everything into themselves, but do not like to give out. They do not like to express their emotions to the surface and do not know how to act in a timely manner. First there is movement in the world, and only then do they follow it. These are the people of the super-yin category.

People in the small yin category are a little greedy and have a mean, unfaithful heart. When they see that another has a loss, for them it is like a gain. They love to cause damage, to harm others. When they see another person progressing in the world, they only feel indignation. They are narrow and harsh in heart, and do not know how to be grateful for good. These are the people of the small yin category.

People in the super-yang category usually live a free life, unencumbered by anything. They like to talk about big things without having the opportunity and ability, therefore, they talk in vain. They express their will in all four directions, judging anything. When they judge the actions of others, they do not understand who is right and who is wrong. When doing things, they are usually too self-confident, relying only on themselves. When faced with defeat, they do not feel remorse. This is a person of the super-yang category.

A person of the small yang category is thorough and scrupulous to the smallest detail, values ​​himself very much, and even occupying a small official position, extols himself highly, being praised everywhere. Such people like to carry out external relations and do not like to be immersed in internal affairs when they need to keep something inside. These are the people of the small yang category.

People are equal, belonging to the category where yin and yang combine harmoniously, are calm, are in a peaceful state, are not worried or frightened, are not deluded or upset, freely and flexibly follow the flow of things, without entering into competition with anyone, changing along with time. If they rise, they remain modest and compliant, achieving their goal through negotiations and agreement with people. This order is called the highest level of government.

In ancient times, when people were well versed in the use of needles and wormwood, they considered a person from the point of view of the five movements, and based on this they controlled his condition. If they saw excess and fullness, then they emptied it; if they saw emptiness, then they filled it up.

The Yellow Emperor asked:

How is order established among these five states?

Shao Shi replied:

People of the super-yin category are characterized by the fact that they have a lot of yin and little yang, their blood is cloudy, their nourishing and protective breathing power is rough. Their yin and yang are not in agreement. The tendons are weakened and the skin is thick. If you do not give them a sharp emptying of yin, you cannot get positive changes in their condition.

People in the small yin category are characterized by having more yin and less yang, and having a small stomach and large intestine. The six fu organs are not harmonized, the light yang and super yang meridian channels are large, so it is necessary to very carefully examine and harmonize their condition. They lose blood very easily and their breathing power is easily defeated.

People in the super-yang category are characterized by having a lot of yang and little yin. You also need to be very careful with them so as not to deprive them of yin. Yang needs to be emptied. If yang is lost too strongly and abruptly, they go crazy. If yin and yang are lost together, sudden death or complete loss of mind may occur.

People in the small yang category are characterized by the fact that they have more yang and less yin, they have small jing channels and large lo vessels, so the blood is inside, and the force of qi breathing moves along the surface. You need to replenish yin and empty yang. But if you only empty the vessels of the Luo channels, then there will be strengthening, the power of Qi breathing will go away and there will be illness. If the mean breathing power is deficient, the disease will be difficult to cure.

People with a harmonious combination of yin and yang have well-functioning vessels. You need to be careful when diagnosing their condition, you need to correctly see how pathogenic and healthy forces interact. By examining their facial expression and appearance, you understand the states of excess and insufficiency. If there is fullness, you empty it; if there is emptiness, you replenish it. If there is neither fullness nor emptiness, act on the meridians. In this way, the relationship between yin and yang is harmonized and people differ in their states.

The Yellow Emperor said:

If you have not communicated with a person before, you are meeting him for the first time, then how can you tell the difference?

Shao Shi responded:

All other belongings of a set of people are inferior to correspondences in five states. Thus, the 25 types of people do not include the five types of conditions listed above. People of the five types of states have their own characteristics and are not similar to ordinary people.

The Yellow Emperor asked:

How do these people of the five main states differ?

Shao Shi replied:

A person in the super-yin category has a dark facial expression and a dark, deep color. He constantly pretends to be modest and compliant. His body is long and large, but he bends his body and bends his knees to create a modest appearance. In fact, its bending is not real. This is the characteristic of a super-yin person.

A person in the small yin category may look like a pure and exalted person in appearance, but he has demonic characteristics: he is a thief and secretive. Inside there is always the heart of a traitor who seeks to harm people. When standing, he cannot remain calm, he fusses and moves all the time. When he walks down the street, he leans forward all the time, trying to hide. This is a person of the small yin category.

A super-yang person appears arrogant and self-righteous. He sticks out his stomach, leaning back, his knee holes are closed. This is a person of the super-yang category. A person in the small yang category, when standing, looks somewhere up, very high. When he walks, he shifts from one foot to the other and sways his whole body. Often swings his arms or places them behind his back, likes to have his arms up to the elbows bare and exposed. This is a person of the small yang category.

A person with a harmonious combination of yin and yang looks stable and stable. In his movements he is broad and large, his character is coordinated and obedient. Well harmonizes with the environment. In his condition he is strict, direct and precise in his behavior and actions. He accepts people adequately and peacefully, his eyes glow with kindness. In his appearance he is clear and pure, in his actions he has moderation, he does everything accurately, understanding what is needed. People respect and admire him. These are the characteristics of a person who harmoniously combines yin and yang.

"The Yellow Emperor's Treatise on the Inner", part two: "Axis of the Spirit"