Legal characteristics, concept and types of mass events. Cities Success: Mass Events That Inspire Mass Event Definition

Competitions, festivals, concerts, flash mobs, conferences, tourist rallies, parades and processions contain a certain content component and, at the same time, these are mass events, during which certain requirements must be adhered to.

What is a mass event

A mass event is a gathering of a significant number of people in order to participate in any event that is in the nature of a patriotic appeal, holiday, advertising, spectacle, business meeting or leisure pastime.
The venues for mass events are different:

• squares and parks;
• squares and city streets;
• public buildings;
• theater halls;
• concert venues;
• Sport halls.

The organization of cultural events contributes to the realization of the needs of residents of a political, cultural, economic and religious nature.

Forms of mass events

There are various groups and forms of public events:

• State and political: meetings of shareholders, scientific and practical conferences, congresses, parades, processions.
• Cultural events: a citywide evening for graduates, theatrical performances, folk festivals, fairs and exhibitions, carnival processions, festival performances, concert programs, show programs.
• Sports and entertainment: sports matches, sports days, auto racing and rallies, track and field crosses, Olympic Games.
• Events of a religious nature: holidays, ceremonial processions.
• Private: banquets, weddings, anniversaries.

All events can take place at the municipal, regional, national or international level. The method of occurrence of such actions is divided into two large groups:

• Spontaneous.
• Organized.

They can be held one-time or periodically, ensuring the participation of a limited number of people or public access.

How to hold a mass event

A number of structures are engaged in the preparation and holding of events:

• Local self-government bodies.
• Institutions belonging to various departments and forms of ownership.
• Heads of institutions in whose territory it is carried out.

A mass event is a strict observance of the main conditions, procedures and requirements for its holding, maintaining the personal safety of each person present.
The holding of cultural events provides for the undeniable role of health care, motor transport and trade enterprises, consumer service institutions, information and Internet resources.

If large-scale events are being prepared, the municipal administration can form coordinating councils and headquarters to coordinate and control all participants. Such committees are responsible for developing appropriate plans, maintaining law and order, urgent evacuation of spectators and participants if there is a threat to their life and health.

What to Consider

When discussing the procedure for holding a mass event, you need to take into account the conditions for its holding:

• Schedule of public municipal transport (all those present must be able to use public transport at the end).
• Weather and climatic conditions.
• Parking lots for vehicles.
• Convenience of approach to the main place, taking into account the restriction of access to vehicles.
• Availability of storage rooms.
• Ability to provide primary health care.
• The work of food outlets and the sale of soft drinks (in hot weather - refreshing, in cold weather - warming).
• Availability of bathrooms.

Instructions for organizing and conducting

• The councils of voluntary sports organizations and the sports committee are obliged to coordinate the conduct of the necessary examinations with the municipal administration, engineering structures, the sanitary epidemiological station, law enforcement agencies, civil defense and emergency departments. The result of the surveys should be the relevant acts.
• The organizers ensure the process of holding the event (compliance with the rules of the fire department and the appointment of responsible persons), duly notify the municipal administration of where, when and at what time the event will be held, indicate the name, format, data on the number of participants, contact details.
• The leaders in whose department the buildings and structures are located are obliged to ensure the reliability of the stands and other structures used, the possibility of general evacuation if there is a danger to the life and health of others.

Characteristic features of a mass event

The format of a public event determines its characteristic features. Conventionally, any public mass event can be attributed to one of the main types at the venue:

• Closed. In this case, a narrow circle of specific invitees gather in a separate room, the access of guests is limited by invitation cards, the social level and interests of the audience are approximately the same.
• Open. This format provides anyone with the opportunity to take part in the planned events. This significantly increases the risk of creating dangerous situations.

Most clearly, the heterogeneity of the composition of those present is manifested during sports and entertainment events:

• Fans belong to rival sports clubs, their contingent is clearly marked.
• Bright, fanatical addictions to their club or team are manifested in cries, slogans, chanting certain phrases.
• The age and social composition, the level of education and culture, the value orientations of those present can vary greatly, this can lead to conflict situations.

Potential Threats

A mass event is the most affordable opportunity to meet the needs of a large group of people. At the same time, it is also a potential threat to the life and health of all participants, fans, spectators. This is due to several factors:

• A closed space increases the risk of violation of law and order by a group of people, formed spontaneously or in an organized manner.
• A change in the usual rhythm, the dynamics of events can provoke cases of conflicts between individual citizens or certain groups of them. This is especially facilitated by the specific formats of informal events.
• With a significant accumulation of people, it becomes possible to commit theft, damage to property.
• A collective gathering of a certain contingent of people (radical fans, rival parties, rock fans) can accumulate the manifestation of negative emotions.
• Even a short-term non-standard situation can contribute to the manifestation of panic, leading to a large number of victims.
• There is a real threat of a terrorist act as a result of the implementation of criminal or antisocial plans.

Security measures by the organizers

The organizer is primarily responsible for the safety of those present. If the security system is not formed properly, then even the brightest, spectacular, interesting and important event will lose its significance and can lead to sad consequences.

Ensuring the safety of mass events is carried out by equipping points where participants, spectators, security services, as well as fire extinguishing equipment will be accommodated.

In proper condition, it is necessary to maintain a sanitary and hygienic regime throughout the territory. For official vehicles, free access to facilities and sources of water supply should be organized in case of a fire hazard. Evacuation plans and signs of evacuation exits should be placed in central places.

Ensuring security by law enforcement officers

Public events provide for the observance of public safety, which is carried out by law enforcement agencies. What exactly should they pay attention to?

• Employees of the internal affairs bodies are obliged to prevent citizens in a state of narcotic, toxic or alcoholic intoxication.
• Particular attention should be paid to persons wishing to carry any type of weapon with them.
• If the occupancy rate of the premises becomes the maximum permissible, then law enforcement officers must present a demand to the organizers to stop the admission of visitors (spectators, fans) to the territory where the event will be held.
• If a perceived threat appears, all those present must be evacuated from the auditorium, from the stands.
• In the process of suppressing violations of law and order, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of panic.

Rules of conduct for those present

The rules of conduct during sports and entertainment and cultural events are determined by standard rules and prohibit:

1. Bring weapons, explosives, drugs, alcoholic beverages, large bags with you.
2. Run out onto the field or stage, be in the aisles or on the stairs.
3. Violate order: drink alcohol, insult and humiliate those present, show signs of extremism.
   

A mass event is that unique situation when a person can feel himself in a circle of like-minded people, be involved in important state, religious or other events, spend his leisure time with interest and benefit.

A mass leisure event is an effective means, an important tool of social communication between all subjects of social life: business, authorities, the media, organized and unorganized public.

Mass leisure activities have always occupied one of the important places in the system of education and organization of leisure, characteristic of each historical era.

Today we are witnessing a qualitatively new stage in the development of culture and leisure. Cultural and educational work has been replaced by cultural and leisure activities, the very idea of ​​which characterizes the processes developing in the sphere of free time: democratic ways and means of organizing mass actions, alternatives in making managerial decisions, pluralism in discussing emerging problems, lively and direct participation of the population in the implementation of cultural projects and programs. Thus, the nature and functions of mass holidays have changed significantly Tulchinsky G.L. PR firms: technology and efficiency. - St. Petersburg: "Vershina", 2006.

In a democratic society, relatively developed market relations, the technology of preparing and holding mass holidays is changing significantly. Mass leisure activities are increasingly becoming a form of self-organization and self-expression of various social forces and social actors.

In the modern mass information society, with its way of life in the form of mass culture, formed and broadcast primarily by means of mass communications, the situation is radically changing. In this regard, the idea of ​​a special event as a news occasion was developed in the world theory and practice of public relations. In the most active way, mass leisure events are used in modern political culture, in PR, electoral technologies, etc.

For the organizer, a modern mass holiday is a complex complex in which artistic, psychological, aesthetic, pedagogical, political, professional organizational competencies and technologies are closely intertwined.

A mass event is a meeting of people planned in advance and determined by place, time, number of participants and reasons, which has the character of a holiday, cultural or advertising event, or a business meeting Chumikov A.N., Bocharov M, P. Public Relations: Theory and Practice . Proc. allowance / A.N. Chumikov, M.P. Bocharov M.: Delo, 2004. - 496 p.

Depending on the goals and nature, the following types of mass events can be distinguished:

• 1. Cultural - sports and entertainment: concerts, festive performances, sports competitions, mass celebrations;
• 2. Advertising, commercial and charitable: fairs, presentations, sales, charity events to raise funds for various purposes;
• 3. Business events: seminars, business receptions, meetings, meetings of shareholders, etc.;
• 4. Special events: these include a variety of ceremonies, anniversaries, weddings and other celebrations.

Types of mass events:

socio-political (congresses, symposiums, conferences);

cultural events (festivals, festivities);

sports (spartakiads, sports matches, olympiads).

By importance:

international;

regional;

By way of occurrence:

organized;

spontaneous.

Venue:

in buildings, structures;

in open area.

By frequency:

everyday;

periodic Chumikov A.N. Actual public relations: sphere, genesis, technologies, applications, structures / A.N. Chumikov, M.P. Bocharov. - M.: Yurayt-Izdat. 2009. - 721 p.

Possibility of participation:

public;

limited by the number of participants or social status.

Also, mass leisure events are divided into: exhibitions, fairs, concerts, club days, competitive events - competitions, contests, festivals, olympiads, etc.

The following types of events can be distinguished:

• 1. Religious holidays. Orthodox holidays date back to the times of the Old Testament. These include the holidays that got their start in the New Testament time. Each of them is dedicated to the memory of the most important events in the life of Jesus Christ and the Mother of God or the memory of saints. The most famous religious holidays in our country include Easter and Christmas.
• 2. Pagan holidays.

Despite the fact that Christianity has been the state religion in our country for more than a thousand years, pagan holidays are still very popular. Any Tradition is expressed in the most finished form in the calendar; it contains the most important thing that every nation knows about time and eternity. The most popular pagan holiday in Russia is Maslenitsa.

3. Private holidays.

These holidays are held within the framework of any family. This includes holidays such as weddings, wedding anniversaries, birthdays, anniversaries.

4. Corporate holidays.

Among the various types of holidays, the corporate one is the youngest. The first corporate holidays appeared in the early 1990s. These holidays are arranged within the framework of any organization for its employees. Corporate holidays are an important part of corporate culture and have a significant impact on employee motivation. You should not choose the birthday of the founding father of the company (if it is not a "one person" company) or a significant date in the church calendar as an occasion for a corporate celebration. The less personal the occasion for celebration, the better. An example of corporate holidays can be the celebration of the day of the company, the corporate New Year.

5. Children's holidays.

Mass practice is characterized by a wide variety of forms of holding children's holidays, the number of which is constantly growing. Of these, the most common are: festivals, theatrical performances, thematic days and weeks, festive ceremonies and rituals, performances, presentations, balls, carnivals, processions, reviews, competitions, olympiads, anniversaries, KVN, matinees, lines, evenings, concerts, etc. All of them, as a rule, constitute an integral part of cultural and leisure activities in working with children. Social holidays are usually aimed at attracting the attention of the public, the government, the media to a topical issue. An example of social holidays can be such as "Family Day", "Children's Day", etc. Public relations. Public relations in business. / Ed. E.A. Utkin. - M.: Tandem, 2001. - 180 p.

A more acceptable principle for classifying mass holidays is a classification according to the type of a festive situation, since it consists of several characteristics and is determined by a complex of the main features of a mass holiday.

The most significant of them - the social significance and scale of the festive event - become the main ones in the classification of holidays. However, the scale of the festive event does not in itself create social significance, just as it does not create a festive situation.

It is necessary to consider the social significance, or scale, in combination with at least one more essential side of the festive situation - the need for broad social communication, which determines the boundaries of the celebrating community.

The scale of the celebrated event and the celebrating community in the complex give us the most universal principle for classifying the holiday.

Using this principle, we can define three main groups of holidays in our country.

The first group is the general holidays corresponding to the most large-scale, big events. These are, first of all, the great holidays of our country, which have a world-historical significance, epoch-making events in history and our days, turning points in nature. The social community celebrating such an event is essentially limitless - it is the entire Russian people, all of humanity. A general holiday is made up of a number of specific festive actions of individual social groups: workers, intellectuals, youth, ethnographic and territorial communities, various collectives, driven by a single impulse.

The second group is local holidays, caused by an event that is important for a certain celebrating community.

This is the most mobile, diverse layer of holidays. This includes holidays by profession, and holidays of individual age groups, and holidays of individual Russian cities and villages, labor collectives, educational institutions, and many others - in each case, the scale of the event determines the scale of the celebrated community.

The third group of holidays includes: personal, caused by an event that is important for an individual, family, group of people. A personal holiday very often takes the form of a ritual that requires mandatory personification.

Within each species, a huge number of gradations are possible, in particular in terms of content and type of community. In addition, the boundaries of the holidays are extremely mobile, so any celebrating community becomes a bright, festive spectacle for the rest of the mass of people, evokes similar emotions in them and introduces them to the holiday. The evolution of our psyche is largely due to the holidays that accompanied the history of human civilization. We owe the special emotional influence of the holidays on a person to the rituals and attributes of the holidays, and, most of all, to fire. The cosmic essence of fire is connected with its inseparability from lightning, stars, light - the Sun. It is no accident that the appearance of such an indispensable attribute of especially significant holidays as modern fireworks. The celebration of such holidays that have come down to us from the depths of time, such as Kolyada, Christmas time, Shrovetide, is associated with rituals. Although, of course, today there are much more holiday options than our ancestors had.

A mass event is an organized, active form of realization of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of large groups (masses) of people in public places, as well as a way to meet the economic, political, cultural, religious and other needs of citizens. Public event - an open, peaceful, accessible to everyone, held in the form of a meeting, rally, demonstration, march or picket, or in various combinations of these forms, an action carried out on the initiative of citizens of the Russian Federation, political parties, other public associations and religious associations. The purpose of the public event is the free expression and formation of opinions, as well as putting forward demands on various issues of the political, economic, social and cultural life of the country and foreign policy issues. Meeting - the joint presence of citizens in a place specially designated or adapted for this for a collective discussion of any socially significant issues. A rally is a mass presence of citizens in a certain place for the public expression of public opinion on topical problems of a predominantly socio-political nature. Demonstration - an organized public expression of public sentiment by a group of citizens using posters, banners and other means of visual agitation during the movement. A procession is a mass passage of citizens along a predetermined route in order to draw attention to any problems. Picketing is a form of public expression of opinion carried out without movement and use of sound-amplifying technical means by placing one or more citizens near the picketed object using posters, banners and other means of visual agitation.

Types of mass events: By content:

Socio-political (congresses, symposiums, conferences);

Cultural-mass (festivals, festivities);

Sports (spartakiads, sports matches, olympiads). By importance:

International;

Regional;

Local.

By way of occurrence:

Organized;

Spontaneous.

Venue:

In buildings, structures:

In open area.

By frequency:

One-time;

Casual;

Periodic.

Possibility of participation:

Public;

Limited by the number of participants or social status. one

ATS tasks and security features during events

Tasks of the Department of Internal Affairs to ensure public order and public safety during mass events:

1. Creation of conditions for the normal implementation of a mass event, ensuring the personal safety of citizens.

2. Assistance in organizing a mass event.

3. Prevention and suppression of possible crimes and other violations, ensuring public safety.

4. Ensuring strict adherence by participants and spectators to established rules of conduct.

5. Ensuring road safety and fire safety.

6. Prevention of weakening the protection of public order in the territory where the event is not held.

Police forces to ensure public order and public security during public events:

Forces of the public security police: combat units of the police patrol service, incl. OMON; personnel of the combat units of the traffic police traffic police: combat units of the departmental security police: combat units of medical sobering-up stations; district police officers;

Special motorized operational units of internal troops;

The forces of the criminal police and other services: criminal investigation department, OBEP, investigation, forensic units, employees of headquarters, personnel, etc.

Activities carried out during the preparatory period:

1. An operational headquarters is being created. Its composition and duties of members are determined.

2. A control point is organized: stationary or mobile.

3. A plan for ensuring public order and public safety is being developed or adjusted.

4. The required number of forces and means is calculated.

5. Additional measures are being taken to strengthen the fight against crime and other offenses (complex operations).

6. Meetings, briefings, training of personnel are held.

7. Transport, means of communication and other means are checked.

Types of outfits:

cordon group, including police and military chains;

Observation post;

Escort group, patrol;

Activities carried out during the execution period:

1. Checking the personnel, their appearance, their knowledge of general and special duties.

2. Direct performance by the orders of their official duties.

3. The restrictions envisaged by the plan in the movement of vehicles and pedestrians are introduced, persons who are not related to the event are removed from the cordon zone.

Final period:

1. Maintaining order in the places of dispersal of participants

events, ensuring their safety (especially football, hockey teams and musical ensembles, etc.).

2. The outfits also ensure the exit of spectators and other participants of the events to public transport stops.

3. Analysis of the service orders by the leaders of the sections and an assessment of the bridge of the personnel of the internal affairs bodies and attached forces.

Modern mass events are an expression of social activity, a way for the population to organize their leisure time, satisfy spiritual and cultural needs, participate in social processes and political life, and engage in sports and art. In people's lives there are a large number of all kinds of mass events: from wedding ceremonies to street processions, from theatrical performances to widespread folk festivals. A separate mass event, at times, can amaze with its scale and scope.

Classification of mass events

Mass events can be classified as follows:

According to goals and objectives:

• cultural;
• sports;
• spectacular;
• advertising and commercial: trade fairs, presentations, sales;
• business receptions and meetings: meetings, receptions, receptions, etc.;
• spiritual: prayers, processions and others.

• public: conferences, congresses and symposiums;
• political: meetings, meetings, receptions, and so on.
• cultural: folk festivals, festivals;
• sports;
• event-related: exhibitions, shows, etc.;

By importance:

• international;
• state;
• regional;
• local;
• local;
• private.

By way of occurrence:

• pre-prepared, planned;
• natural.

Venue:

• in rooms and special structures;
• on the ground (within the boundaries of the settlement, outside it).

By frequency:

• everyday;
• seasonal;
• periodic;
• one-time.

By availability:

• free access;
• with restrictions (for example, closed club events).

By security level:

• the highest category (with the presence of high-ranking state or foreign persons);
• the first category (with the participation of officials of regional significance, famous people);
• the second category (without VIP participation).

Organization and preparation of a mass event

Organization of mass events is a complex and responsible task. Organizational skills alone will obviously not be enough. It will require versatile knowledge, sufficient experience, well-developed intuition and foresight, as well as a considerable amount of money, depending on the grandeur of the plan.

When organizing any event, you should know and remember that “at the forefront” is always the law. To prevent the planned mass event from turning into a natural disaster, you need to follow the letter of the law, strictly comply with all current requirements enshrined in law, and follow certain rules and recommendations.

A gathering of people is like a stream of water - under normal conditions it flows along the channel, but when the elements are rampant, it is able to "overflow", sweeping away and destroying everything in its path. People are emotional, they are able to panic, fear of something will not leave a person in a serene state.

Therefore, when organizing mass events, you need to be able to foresee a lot, first of all, to ensure the safety of all participants. And then think about how to make their pastime as comfortable as possible. And only the last thing to do is to calculate your planned profit (if the event is commercial in nature).

Holding mass events can bring great profits if properly organized and prepared, but can also cause serious financial damage if mistakes are made during the preparatory phase.

The legislative framework

The organization of mass events is regulated by the current Federal Law and other regulatory legal acts of the federal and regional levels. Laws regulating the organization and holding of events (mass): the main law is 54-FZ (19.06.2004) in the latest edition,

Venue selection

A mass event can be held in any area suitable for this purpose. The most popular places for mass events:

• premises;
• structures;
• streets;
• area;
• sports arenas;
• parks;
• squares;
• suburban areas and more.

In a nutshell, anywhere. With a single "if". If it is not prohibited by law and does not create a security risk.

Legislative restrictions on the choice of venue

There are certain places where events are initially prohibited. It even makes no sense to coordinate this issue with representatives of the territorial administration, since the fact of their resolution will be a gross violation of official duties, and, consequently, a violation of the law. This entails an inevitable punishment - from "put in a corner" to "put on a bunk." So, under the prohibition of the territory located near:

• hazardous production facilities and other facilities with increased safety requirements;
• overpasses;
• oil pipelines;
• gas pipelines;
• power lines, high-voltage stations;
• television and radio towers;
• military units;
• correctional and other institutions;
• playgrounds.

As well as a number of other territories specified in the Federal Law.

Public events

There is a concept of "public event". described in detail in 54-FZ. It is characterized as an open, accessible and peaceful assembly (action) of people, organized by a person or a group of people or a public organization, political party, religious society. The goals of such an event can be different: the implementation of the guaranteed right to freedom of speech and expression of one's attitude about something, the announcement of demands, the discussion of social issues, politics and economics, and much more. There are five main types of public events:

• assembly, rally;
• demonstration, procession;
• picketing.

In the role of the organizers of this event can not be: minors and incapacitated. As well as representatives of parties and organizations banned in the Russian Federation, religious communities, etc. Mass events of this form cannot be started earlier than seven in the morning and end later than twenty-three hours (local time).

Cultural events

It is impossible to overestimate the benefits that cultural events bring. Their main purpose is the spiritual development of society. Such activities have a number of directions:

• hedonistic, which is an entertaining character that helps to entertain people, temporarily distract from everyday problems, charge with positive and give free rein to bright emotional outbursts;
• educational, contributing to the acquisition of new useful knowledge, broadening the horizons, and self-education of the population;
• developing, aimed at the formation of aesthetic tastes, improvement of creative abilities;
• educational, instilling self-organization, forming a system of spiritual values;
• social, giving an incentive to social activity;
• artistic and creative, introducing to the cultural and creative process.

Cultural events are festivals, reviews, competitions (regional and federal levels, as well as international ones), entertainment festive events, thematic concerts, educational programs, exhibitions, fairs and much, much more.

Sports events

Sports competitions, physical culture events are evidence that society is involved in the process of physical development and improvement, striving for new sports achievements. Mass sports events held on the territory of Russia are diverse and impress with their scale.

These are professional competitions in almost all known sports, and sports and recreation events of various levels and all kinds of directions. As they say, there would be only a wish. Opportunities and favorable conditions to engage in professional sports and physical culture - more than enough. Much attention is paid to physical development in Russia. And this is no coincidence.

The health of the nation is a paramount state task

Human health is a set of indicators of his physical, spiritual and psychological state. Physical culture is one of the components of human culture. Fairly popular expression, borrowed from Latin (Decimus Junius Juvenal), - "in a healthy body - a healthy mind."

How many countries can boast that their leader "chases the puck" on the ice or wrestles on the mat? Many leaders are able to stay on a horse? Not to mention that without a saddle. These lines are far from political and other propaganda. Usual statement of facts.

The point is something else. Running day, walking day, swimming day, gymnastics day and so on. You can enumerate and enumerate. Mass sports events for children and adults, families and the elderly, "Leather Ball", "Golden Puck" - this is just a list of the most famous and popular events that Russians love. And how many of these remain "behind the scenes"? A bunch of.

Mass runs, cross-country skiing, swims in the pool and on open water, hiking, kayaking, massive downhill skiing, you can’t list everything, even if you set a goal. This isn't an advertisement, is it? Isn't this pride in the nation (a figurative expression that should be understood as the entire multinational Russian people)?

Under mass events it is necessary to understand the totality of actions or phenomena of social life with the participation of a large number of citizens, carried out in order to satisfy the political, spiritual, physical and other needs of citizens, which are a form of realization of their rights and freedoms, as well as a form of social communication between people and a way of developing a unity of personality attitudes, collective and society as a whole.

Thus, based on the definition of the concept of "mass event", three main features can be distinguished:

A large number of people;

Organization of actions;

Having a goal.

All this distinguishes mass events from other cases of large crowds, for example, in markets, train stations, beaches, etc.

Conventionally, all mass events can be divided according to the following criteria: : by content and direction, significance, frequency of holding, method of occurrence, possibility of participation.

1. Socio-political(demonstrations, rallies, street marches, manifestations, elections of the President and deputies, higher and local authorities, congresses, conferences, etc.). This type of event is characterized by a certain composition of participants, a high level of organization of the event, and a commonality of behavioral motives.

Federal Law No. 54-FZ of June 19, 2004 “On Meetings, Rallies, Demonstrations, Processions and Picketing” contains definitions of the terms and concepts of mass events:

public event- an open, peaceful, accessible to everyone, held in the form of a meeting, rally, demonstration, procession or picketing, or in various combinations of these forms, an action carried out on the initiative of citizens of the Russian Federation, political parties, other public associations and religious associations, including using Vehicle. The purpose of the public event is the free expression and formation of opinions, as well as putting forward demands on various issues of the political, economic, social and cultural life of the country and foreign policy issues;

meeting- the joint presence of citizens in a specially designated or adapted place for collective discussion of any socially significant issues;

rally - the mass presence of citizens in a certain place for the public expression of public opinion on topical problems of a predominantly socio-political nature;

demonstration - organized public expression of public sentiments by a group of citizens using posters, banners and other means of visual propaganda during the movement;

procession- mass passage of citizens along a predetermined route in order to draw attention to any problems;

picketing- a form of public expression of opinions carried out without movement and use of sound-amplifying technical means by placing one or more citizens near the picketed object using posters, banners and other means of visual agitation.

2. Cultural events(folk festivals, carnivals, festivals, professional holidays, concerts, fairs, etc.).

3. Sports-mass(Olympiads, sports competitions, competitions in various sports, etc.).

4. Religious(ceremonies, baptisms, sermons, religious holidays: Orthodox Easter, Muslim Eid al-Adha, Uraza, etc.)

5. Special events(funeral processions, ensuring the safety of the passage of officials entitled to state protection).

6. mixed activities, when several types of events are combined into one (national holidays of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation:
Sabantuy, Akatuy and others).

In addition, mass events can be subdivided on other grounds:

in importance - international, all-Russian, republican (territorial, regional) and local significance (city, district, etc.);

according to the frequency - one-time (opening of monuments, memorial complexes, etc.), recurring (elections, congresses, etc.);

by way of occurrence organized, spontaneous;

possible participation - public, limited by the number of participants.

The legal basis for the activities of citizens, public associations, state authorities, local governments, as well as their officials in the preparation and holding of mass events are the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, the Federal Constitutional Law "On the state of emergency", federal laws "On meetings, rallies, demonstrations, marches and pickets", "On political parties", "On public associations", "On security", "On the police", etc. In addition, the constitutions, laws, other legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as legal acts of local governments adopted by them within their powers.

Holding meetings, rallies, demonstrations, marches and pickets for the purpose of election campaigning or campaigning on referendum issues is also regulated by the norms of the Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in a Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation” and other legislative acts on elections and referendums. The conduct of religious rites and ceremonies and other public events of a religious nature is regulated by separate provisions of the Federal Law “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations”.

In accordance with Art. 7 of the Federal Law "On Meetings, Rallies, Demonstrations, Marches and Pickets", a notice of a public event (with the exception of a meeting and picketing conducted by one participant) is submitted by its organizer in writing to the executive authority of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a local self-government body within the time limit not earlier than 15 and not later than 10 days before the day of the public event. When picketing by a group of persons, a notice of holding a public event may be submitted no later than three days before the day of its holding, and if the indicated days coincide with Sunday and (or) a non-working holiday (non-working holidays), - no later than four days before the day its implementation.

The procedure for submitting a notice of holding a public event to the executive authority of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a local self-government body is regulated by the relevant law of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

The notice of a public event shall include:

1) Purpose of the public event;

2) The form of the public event;

3) the place(s) of holding the public event, the routes of movement of participants, and if the public event will be held using vehicles, information on the use of vehicles;

4) date, time of beginning and end of the public event;

5) the expected number of participants in the public event;

6) the forms and methods of ensuring public order by the organizer of the public event, the organization of medical care, the intention to use sound-amplifying technical means during the conduct of the public event;

7) last name, first name, patronymic or name of the organizer of the public event, information about his place of residence or stay or location and telephone number;

8) last names, first names and patronymics of persons authorized by the organizer of a public event to perform administrative functions for organizing and holding a public event;

9) the date of submission of the notice of the holding of the public event.