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The mucous membrane of the eye becomes inflamed under the influence of infections, allergens, negative environmental factors. There are acute, subacute and chronic course of the disease. If conjunctivitis is not treated in time, the inflammatory process may spread to other tissues of the eye.

The disease occurs due to the irritating effects of infections, dust, smoke, allergens, chemicals, contact lenses. The following factors contribute to the development of the disease:

• refractive errors;
• metabolic diseases;
• hypothermia;
• decreased immunity;
• avitaminosis;
• overwork;
• frequent stress;
• non-observance of hygiene rules;
• improper use of contact lenses.

The most common cause of inflammation is a bacterial infection (pneumococcus, gonococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus, and others). They account for about ¾ of the cases. Approximately a quarter of conjunctivitis is of allergic origin. Viral inflammation of the conjunctiva accounts for less than 2% of cases.

Classification

Conjunctivitis of the eyes can occur in an acute form (symptoms are pronounced), subacute (signs of the disease are less noticeable) and chronic (the disease is sluggish, requires long-term treatment). Non-infectious conjunctivitis is also distinguished by the type of irritant. Due to the occurrence, the following types of disease occur:

1. Bacterial - develops as a result of pathogenic bacteria entering the eye. Often, the subacute form of the disease is provoked by Morax-Aksenfeld's diplobacillus. The most dangerous and requiring hospitalization is inflammation caused by diphtheria bacillus. Epidemic acute conjunctivitis occurs when exposed to the Koch-Wicks bacteria. More information about this form is written in.
2. - proceeds in a chronic or subacute form. You can get infected through dirty hands or contact lenses. The presence of a fungal infection in the body, dusty and humid air in the house, and prolonged local use of antibiotics are conducive to the development of the disease.
3. - has a high degree of contagiousness. The most common types of infectious lesions of the conjunctiva are: enteroviral - causes significant; herpetic - provokes follicular, catarrhal or vesicular-ulcerative inflammation; adenovirus - inflammation of the throat and conjunctiva at the same time.
4. Conjunctivitis of chemical or mechanical origin. Often occurs as a result of exposure to smoke, dust, household chemicals, toxic fumes. Contact lens wearers may develop giant papillary conjunctivitis as a reaction to protein deposits on the surface of the lens.
5. Allergic - appears due to the increased sensitivity of the body to certain substances (allergens). Often the acute form of this disease is accompanied by rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis. There are such types of illness: medicinal - some antibiotics and anesthetics give a negative reaction; atopic - has an unexplained nature, manifests itself seasonally; pollinous - occurs on the pollen of plants during the flowering period. For more information on allergic conjunctivitis, see.

If symptoms of conjunctivitis appear in an acute or subacute form in an adult or a child, you need to contact an ophthalmologist to identify the cause of the disease and prescribe treatment.

Symptoms of conjunctivitis

Acute conjunctivitis is recognized by the following signs:

• irritation of the conjunctiva - severe itching and redness;
• feeling of clogging of the eyes;
• eyelids visibly swollen;
• discharge oozes from the eyes;
• bubbles or growths sometimes form on the inner surface of the lower eyelid;
• hypersensitivity to light and wind develops.

By the nature of the discharge, you can determine the cause of inflammation. The presence of pus indicates bacteria in the conjunctiva; with viral and allergic conjunctivitis, the mucus is transparent. Fungi provoke the formation of films and infiltrates on the surface of the eyeball.

In the infectious form, respiratory symptoms are often observed. It also often happens, headache, swollen lymph nodes. Such manifestations are especially pronounced in children.

Diagnostics

Before treating acute conjunctivitis in adults and children, it is necessary to accurately establish the diagnosis and find out the cause of the disease. To do this, the ophthalmologist prescribes the following examinations:

1. Examination of the eyes with a slit lamp.
2. Clinical blood test - establishes the presence of an inflammatory process in the body and its etiology.
3. Examination of a smear from the conjunctiva to determine the pathogen. With a bacterial infection, it is possible to establish its sensitivity to antibiotics at the same time.

Depending on the cause of the disease, it may be necessary to consult other specialists: a phthisiatrician, a therapist, a urologist, an allergist.

Treatment methods for the disease

Treatment of acute and subacute conjunctivitis in adults is carried out in a complex manner. Prescribe drugs that act directly on the causative agent of the disease. Depending on the type of infection, the following groups of drugs are used:

1. In case of bacterial infection, it is necessary in the form of eye drops and ointments: Neomycin, Tetracycline ointment, Floksal. Sometimes you have to use pills and injections.
2. Treatment of fungal inflammation takes up to 1.5 months. In complex therapy, fungistatic and fungicidal agents are used.
3. With allergic conjunctivitis, they are prescribed with antiallergic effects: Allergodil, Kromoheksal.
4. Viral diseases of the mucous membrane of the eye are treated with antiviral drugs, interferons: Acyclovir, Oftolmoferon, Poludan.

The patient definitely needs regular eyes with decoctions of chamomile and calendula, Furacilin solution, boric acid. To reduce inflammation and itching, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used: Nevanak, Indocollir.

Features of the course of the disease and treatment in children

Children are most susceptible to measles, adenovirus and conjunctivitis. There are gonococcal and chlamydia types of the disease. The child can become infected with these infections, passing through the birth canal of a sick mother. In this case, the disease is difficult to treat and can lead to loss of vision - complete or partial.

In an uncomplicated form, the treatment of acute conjunctivitis in children takes from 1 to 2 weeks and passes without a trace. But sometimes the disease is complicated, the inflammation spreads to, which threatens to deteriorate vision.

With inflammation of the conjunctiva in a child, parents can, as a first aid, rinse their eyes with chamomile and drip Albucid. Then you need to see a doctor.

An ophthalmologist should deal with conjunctivitis in children - only a specialist is able to accurately determine the cause of the disease and prescribe effective medications.

Preventive measures

To protect yourself from the occurrence of acute or subacute inflammation of the conjunctiva, it is recommended to follow the following rules:

• avoid contact with people suffering from infectious conjunctivitis;
• observe hygiene, do not touch your eyes with unwashed hands;
• use clean pillowcases and towels;
• use contact lenses correctly: do not wear longer than the indicated expiration date, rinse them every day, replace the case regularly.

Conjunctivitis in acute and subacute form of infectious origin is treated from one to three weeks. Therapy of an allergic type may take several days, but more often the disease becomes chronic. With it, the frequency of relapses depends on the frequency of contact with the allergen and the state of the patient's immunity.

The most dangerous disease is caused by diphtheria bacillus, chlamydia (), gonococci. These infections require long-term treatment. The risk of spreading the inflammatory process to the cornea and deterioration of visual acuity is higher.

Do you use contact lenses longer than the recommended wearing period?

Acute conjunctivitis is an inflammatory process in the conjunctival membrane of the visual analyzer that appears when an infection, allergens penetrate, or under the influence of adverse environmental conditions.

The average statistics report that 40% of all visits to an ophthalmologist's consultation end with the specified diagnosis. Some forms of pathological deviations have increased virulence, causing epidemics.

Classification of pathology

Experts say that conjunctivitis has a different etiology and level of infection:

• — are registered in 73%;
• allergic nature - found in 25%;
• viral or other form - no more than 2%.

Acute conjunctivitis is divided into two main forms - infectious or non-infectious origin. The first are formed under the influence of:

• bacterial;
• fungal;
• viral infection.

The non-infectious form is the result of external influences.

The process of inflammation can affect not only the mucous membranes, but also the cornea with the skin of the eyelids. In this case, acute conjunctivitis becomes or.

Secondary division means:

• an acute form of the process - with pronounced symptomatic manifestations and a duration of 1 to 3 weeks;
• subacute - with blurred symptoms.

The disease often affects children in preschool settings and becomes the reason for the announcement of quarantine in an educational institution.

Separation by type of pathogen

Acute bacterial conjunctivitis

The process begins from the moment pathogenic microorganisms enter the conjunctiva. Harmful bacteria are brought in by dust particles, contaminated water, and poorly washed hands. The degree of damage and the duration of the disease directly depends on the subspecies of the pathogen, its ability to attack the body and the time it takes to seek professional help.

The sources of the acute form of purulent conjunctivitis are:

• streptococcal;
• staphylococcal;
• pneumococcal;
• gonococcal infection;
• diphtheria corynebacterium, etc.

The most dangerous is diphtheria conjunctivitis. Patients infected with this type of infection are necessarily placed in an infectious disease hospital. Pathology formed as a result of infection with the Koch-Wicks bacterium forms whole epidemics. The disease spreads in preschool and school groups, in the family circle.

viral origin

A feature of this feat is a high level of contagiousness. The transmission occurs from any carrier or sick person and is transmitted in work groups, families or crowded places (hospitals, shops, markets, gyms).

The introduction of the pathogen occurs when passing an ophthalmological examination (violation of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis in relation to a medical instrument), when using eye drops (from a sick person) or when hygiene rules are not observed (dirty hands).

Patients are diagnosed with various types of the disease:

herpesvirus

Herpes virus form - occurs when the herpes simplex virus enters. It is more common in childhood and affects one organ of vision. It is characterized by a subacute or acute course, can be combined with a lesion of the corneal surfaces - keratitis. With pathology, it is noted:

• catarrhal;
• follicular;
• vesicular-ulcerative inflammatory process.

adenovirus

Adenovirus - the source of the disease is adenoviruses of certain subtypes - 3, 5, 7. Penetration of the pathogen occurs by contact or airborne droplets. After infection, the patient may develop:

• pharyngoconjunctival fever;
• keratoconjunctivitis.

The latter form often causes epidemic outbreaks in adult and children's groups.

Hemorrhagic

Hemorrhagic - formed under the influence of enterovirus infection. A symptomatic feature of the lesion is the formation of massive hemorrhages on the surface of the conjunctiva. From the side, the affected organ seems completely swollen with blood.

Allergic etiology

It is formed as a result of the increased sensitivity of the body to pet hair, plant pollen and drugs. Additional manifestations of pathology are rhinitis, cough and rashes on the skin.

The disease is further subdivided into:

• on the dosage form - certain types of antibacterial, anesthetics and sulfonamides cause a negative effect on the body;
• hay fever - formed as a response to the irritating effect of plant pollen;
• atopic - of unclear origin, with a predominance in certain seasons - spring or summer.

under the influence of irritants

The processes of inflammation on the surface of the conjunctiva can occur under the influence of:

• sand particles;
• dust;
• burning;
• soaps;
• synthetic washing powders;
• bleaches containing chlorine or other active substances.

The process can occur after walking in windy weather. Patients who violate the rules for wearing and processing contact lenses often suffer from a papillary type of pathology.

Symptoms

Acute conjunctivitis develops at an increased rate - several hours may pass from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first negative symptoms. In some cases, the disease manifests itself after a few days.

Acute conjunctivitis is characterized by a sharp deterioration in the patient's condition. The causative agent of the inflammatory lesion does not matter. Symptoms of general malaise include manifestations of:

• increase in body temperature;
• painful sensation in the face and head area;
• night sleep disturbances - periodic insomnia and drowsiness during the daytime.

All other symptomatic manifestations depend on the specific form of the pathological process.

Symptoms of a bacterial acute form

The bacterial acute form of the disease is characterized by:

• the process of inflammation with damage to one visual analyzer;
• transition to a healthy organ of vision;
• increased swelling of the mucous eyeballs;
• redness of the conjunctiva;
• the appearance of soreness, cramps and a feeling of persistent burning;
• release of purulent contents;
• infringement of the conjunctiva when trying to close the eyes.

The affected eye is covered with a hardish crust, consisting of dried purulent discharge. There are problems with free opening - the eyelids stick together from pus.

Symptoms of the viral form

The viral form manifests itself:

• damage to one eyeball - in rare exceptions, the process affects both eyes;
• a mucous secretion occurs from the diseased eye;
• lymphoid follicles form on the mucous surface of the affected area;
• there is a process of infiltration of the mucous membranes;
• the surface of the organ of vision is covered with the thinnest films that are easily removed with a cotton pad;
• hyperemia of protein membranes;
• painful and uncomfortable sensations;
• fear of light hitting the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe diseased organ - photophobia.

Chlamydial form

It is characterized by an asymptomatic course of the process. In exceptional cases, it may be accompanied by manifestations:

• signs of inflammation on one of the organs of vision - in a third of cases, the process also affects the second eye;
• slight hyperemia of the conjunctiva;
• moderate tearing;
• slight photophobia.

The disease may be accompanied by inflammation of the lymph nodes in the ears.

fungal form

It differs in a mild clinical picture, with certain symptomatic signs:

• minimal secretions;
• lasting more than 10 days;
• deformation changes in the structure of the eyelids;
• failure to respond to ongoing antibiotic therapy.

Allergic and non-infectious form

It differs by a process that is insignificant in strength, with certain symptoms:

• secretion of watery secretion from the nasal passages;
• occasional sneezing;
• secretion from the organs of vision of a transparent, slightly viscous mucus;
• increased dryness of the mucous membranes of the eyes;
• fear of light;
• violation of the formation of tear fluid - tears appear in significant volumes or their number is significantly reduced;
• increased fatigue of visual analyzers.

In the childhood age period, this form of pathology is characterized by the addition of a secondary infection. Babies, to reduce discomfort, begin to vigorously rub their eyes. Along with this, infectious agents enter the surface of the eyes. A sign of a secondary infection is the accumulation of purulent secretion in the corners of the eyes.

Therapy Methods

Each of the variants of the pathological process requires a separate approach to treatment. Appointments occur after a full diagnostic study with the determination of the type of pathogen that has penetrated. The types of drugs and the duration of therapy are selected on an individual basis.

Purulent form

Requires constant use of antiseptic medications for daily cleansing of the surface of the affected eye (due to the constant adhesion of the eyelids from purulent secretions):

• slightly colored solution of potassium permanganate;
• "Furacilina";
• decoction of chamomile;
• other specialized antiseptic drugs sold in pharmacy chains.

The basis of therapeutic treatment is drops, gels and antibacterial ointments. Each of their medications affects a certain type of pathogen - the appointment occurs after diagnosis.

Atopic form

Therapy of conjunctivitis of unknown origin is similar to the treatment of an allergic form. In both options, eye drops are prescribed to suppress signs of inflammation, relieve irritation and itching:

• "Allergodil";
• "Vizin Allergy";
• "Declofenac";
• "Zaditen";
• "Indocollier";
• "Kromoheksal";
• "Opatanol";
• "Tobradex".

As additional means of complex therapy, the patient is prescribed immunostimulants - in order to increase the functionality of the autoimmune system. Antibiotic therapy is used to suppress the symptoms of secondary infection. Antibacterial drugs are used in extreme cases.

bacterial form

Requires the use of ophthalmic drugs in the form of local forms - drops, ointments or gels. For successful therapy, drugs of the fluoroquinolone subgroup are often recommended:

• "Levofloxacin";
• "Santen";
• "Oftakviks";
• Wigamox.

catarrhal form

Refers to problematic subspecies, poorly amenable to therapeutic treatment. This form of pathology is eliminated with the help of a complex of medications:

• "Rivanola";
• Boric acid;
• "Sulfapyridazine";
• emulsions "Syntamycin";
• "Furacilina";
• potassium permanganate solution;
• "Erythromycin";
• "Gentamicin";
• "Oleandomycin" ointment.

infectious form

Treatment of this type of pathology includes a complex of individual therapeutic measures:

• tear replacement therapy;
• daily washing of the affected organ of vision with antiseptic preparations;
• laying "Tetracycline" ointment under the eyelids;
• use of anti-inflammatory drops;
• specific therapy - includes certain types of antibacterial drugs (subject to the diagnosis of a subspecies of pathogenic microflora);
• the use of antihistamine drugs - in some cases.

Any form of pathological process requires constant compliance with personal hygiene requirements. When performing therapeutic manipulations, patients are prohibited from contacting the conjunctival surfaces - hands, pipette tip, drug dispenser.

The restrictions are due to the prevention of the attachment of a secondary infection - if it is accidentally introduced, the process will begin to develop at maximum speed.

Complications

Frequent and prolonged inflammatory processes in the organs of vision can cause various complications. Deviations are observed in persons who refuse professional medical care or apply in the last stages of the disease.

The main types of complications include:

• the development of myopia - the patient ceases to clearly see distant objects;
• the formation of farsightedness - characterized by "blurring" in front of the eyes of nearby objects;
• the appearance of astigmatism - a defective curvature of the cornea, after which a combination of different types of myopia can be observed;
• development of strabismus.

Separate pathologies formed as a complication of acute conjunctivitis have additional symptoms.

Increased dryness of the mucous membranes of the eyes:

• constant burning;
• tingling sensation;
• feeling of a foreign body;
• hyperemia of protein membranes;
• swelling of the skin of the eyelids;
• visual acuity disorders;
• spontaneous lacrimation;
• increased sensitivity to light.

Cataract:

• photophobia in front of direct and scattered sunlight;
• periodic burning;
• painful sensations;
• violation of color vision - fading of colors;
• cloudy veil before the eyes;
• bifurcation or multiplicity of objects in the field of view.

Glaucoma:

• persistent burning sensation;
• painful sensations;
• impaired visual acuity;
• sudden headaches;
• hyperemia of protein membranes;
• darkening or clouding is observed at the edges of the visual field;
• distortion of peripheral vision.

In order to avoid the development of complications, it is necessary to seek medical help in a timely manner and clearly follow all the instructions of the attending physician.

Forecast

The chances of recovery depend on the variant of the lesion:

• bacterial forms of uncomplicated etiology - cured within a week;
• with a high degree of infection and increased aggressiveness of pathogens - treatment can last several weeks;
• viral forms - the average duration is up to three weeks;
• allergic variants - from several days to years - with constant contact with allergens.

Gonococcal, diphtheria and chlamydial lesions are considered dangerous processes - their treatment is delayed for several months. These forms are often complicated and prone to transitions into chronic infections. In case of damage to the corneal surfaces, the prognosis is unfavorable - the development of partial or absolute blindness is possible.

Prevention

To prevent infection, experts recommend following certain rules:

• constant observance of personal hygiene requirements - frequent washing of hands, refusal to use common items (towels, handkerchiefs, etc.);
• when wearing contact lenses, it is necessary to strictly follow the manufacturer's recommendations - change in a timely manner, remove at the specified time, properly handle and store;
• avoid direct contact with carriers of pathogenic microflora - especially during sexual contact;
• periodically attend consultations of ophthalmologists;
• do not touch your face and eyes in public places;
• do not take other people's contact lenses, medications (eye drops with dispensers) and do not purchase them in dubious places.

Conducting seasonal vitamin therapy will increase the level of functionality of the autoimmune system. The human body is able to independently fight pathogens - provided that the protective barrier is working normally.

Children's conjunctivitis

In the childhood age period, the following forms of the disease are more often recorded:

• adenovirus;
• bacterial;
• measles;
• allergic.

Newborns are exposed to damage to the organs of vision from gonococcal and chlamydial infections. The source of infection is a sick woman in labor. These variants of ailments are characterized by a complex course and often end in partial or absolute loss of vision.

Primary symptomatic manifestations of the disease in babies require immediate treatment to a pediatric ophthalmologist. Inflammatory processes on the conjunctival integument can have serious consequences and result in blindness. Timely therapy will allow you to suppress negative manifestations within a week.

Epidemics of conjunctivitis often break out in children's groups. This is due to certain types of the disease - the viral form or the Koch-Winks bacteria. In the event of collective epidemics, preschool and school institutions are transferred to a quarantine regime.

Self-medication in childhood is unacceptable - folk methods will aggravate the child's condition, accelerate the development of the pathological process, with its transition to a chronic type.

Acute conjunctivitis is an acute inflammation of the conjunctiva (the lining of the eye). There are adenovirus, herpetic, enteroviral, bacterial, allergic, chlamydial acute conjunctivitis.

Causes

The cause of adenoviral conjunctivitis is an adenovirus that is transmitted by airborne droplets. allergic conjunctivitis develops in response to contact with an allergen. The causative agents of acute bacterial conjunctivitis can be staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci and gonococci. Blennorrheal conjunctivitis is caused by gonococci, it develops in newborns. Infection of the child occurs when passing through the birth canal of the patient cervical gonorrhea mother.

Contributing factors for the occurrence of acute conjunctivitis:

• overheating or hypothermia of the body;
• being in crowded places, in a hot climate;
• weakening of the immune system;
• the presence of foci of chronic infection in the body;
• beriberi or hypovitaminosis;
• prolonged irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyes (exposure to dust, smoke, chemical impurities in the air);
• refractive error of the eye astigmatism , ).

Symptoms of acute conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis is manifested by redness of the white of the eye, swelling of the conjunctiva and eyelids, lacrimation, photophobia. A number of symptoms may indicate the cause that caused the development of the disease.

Allergic conjunctivitis is often accompanied by eye irritation, severe itching, and sometimes pain and swelling of the eyelids.

Viral conjunctivitis is characterized by lacrimation, periodic itching against the background of sore throat, colds. Usually, viral conjunctiva usually develops in one eye, gradually moving to the second. There is a moderate spasm of the eyelids, as a result of which the eyelids close. There may be scanty discharge from the eyes that does not contain pus. Children have films, follicles.

Bacterial conjunctivitis characterized by a specific discharge from the eyes, as they are caused by pyogenic bacteria. The discharge may be yellowish, gray, viscous and opaque. Eyelids stick together due to discharge, especially after sleep. There may be a sensation of a foreign body in the eye. An important symptom of bacterial conjunctivitis is dryness of the eye, as well as the skin around it. Bacterial conjunctivitis usually affects one eye before moving to the other.

Toxic conjunctivitis causes toxic substances. There is irritation, pain in the eyes, especially when moving the eyes up or down. There is usually no discharge or itching.

Blennorrheal conjunctivitis is characterized by serous-bloody discharge, which after a few days becomes purulent, sometimes infiltrates and corneal ulcers form.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of acute conjunctivitis is established by an ophthalmologist on the basis of epidemiological data, the clinical picture.

In order to clarify the etiology of infectious conjunctivitis, a microscopic, bacteriological examination of a smear from the conjunctiva with an antibiogram is carried out.

By examining the anterior segment of the eye using a slit lamp (eye biomicroscopy), eye hyperemia, conjunctival friability, vascular injection, follicular and papillary growths, and corneal defects.

In order to exclude ulcerative lesions of the cornea, an instillation test with fluorescein is performed.

Classification

According to the duration of the course, conjunctivitis is divided into acute (lasting less than four weeks) and chronic conjunctivitis(lasting more than four weeks).

Depending on the cause, acute conjunctivitis is divided into:

• bacterial;
• viral;
• allergic;
• caused by exposure to a mechanical or chemical stimulus.

Patient's actions

If signs of acute conjunctivitis appear, you should contact an ophthalmologist.

Precautions for acute conjunctivitis:

• do not touch your eyes with your hands;
• wash your hands thoroughly;
• use a personal towel.

Treatment of acute conjunctivitis

Used to treat allergic conjunctivitis antihistamines locally and internally. In some cases, eye drops that contain corticosteroid hormones are used.

Bacterial conjunctivitis often resolves on its own without special treatment. Apply antibacterial eye drops boric acid etc.), eye ointments.

In acute viral conjunctivitis, drugs with interferon are prescribed.

Complications

Complications of bacterial conjunctivitis: inflammatory diseases of the eyelids(including chronic blepharitis), scarring of the conjunctiva in the presence of films, perforation or ulceration of the cornea, hypopyon.

Complications of viral conjunctivitis: scarring of the cornea and eyelids, entropion.

Chlamydial conjunctivitis can be complicated by scarring of the cornea, eversion of the eyelids.

Allergic, chemical and other conjunctivitis can be complicated by the addition of a bacterial infection.

Prevention of acute conjunctivitis

Prevention of acute conjunctivitis is reduced to the implementation of the usual rules of hygiene. Wash your hands often with soap, use an individual towel, and do not touch your eyes with your hands. Instead of handkerchiefs, it is recommended to use disposable tissues.

Prevention of allergic conjunctivitis is to identify allergens and avoid contact with them.

Acute conjunctivitis causes severe discomfort

In this article, you will learn how the acute form of conjunctivitis of the eyes manifests itself and what methods to treat children and adults.

Conjunctivitis, as a disease, is classified into certain types and subspecies. Accordingly, each of them can manifest itself in an acute form:

• viral;
• atopic;
• purulent;
• bacterial;
• adenovirus;
• catarrhal.

The manifestation of a disease of one kind or another depends on the route of infection and the presence of purulent discharge from the eyes. Let us consider in more detail each of the subspecies, as well as analyze the methods of treating the acute form of the disease.

Treatment Methods

The main principle of this type of disease is contagiousness (contagiousness). At risk are people who are daily surrounded by a carrier of the virus.

The virus is contagious, so less contact with people during therapy

Ways of infection with acute conjunctivitis in children and adults can be as follows:

• ophthalmologist instruments that have not been disinfected;
• infected with drops;
• non-compliance with hygiene rules in the face of medical personnel (banal example: examination without medical gloves, unwashed hands).

Acute viral conjunctivitis, in turn, is divided into forms:

• herpesvirus;
• epidemic hemorrhagic.

In order to treat acute conjunctivitis of the eyes in adults and children of a certain age, it is usually prescribed:

• ("Ophthalmoferon");
• medicines containing interferon;
• antiviral ointments.

Of course, in the process of treating and eliminating the virus, it is imperative to strengthen the immune system. For this, multivitamins are excellent, which include trace elements in their composition, which must be combined with plant-type stimulants.

Multivitamins help restore immunity

If the rapid elimination of superficial symptoms is necessary, then the following apply:

• compresses at room temperature;
• drops "Artificial tear";
• eye drops based on corticosteroid hormones.

Important! The above drugs can be used for a short period of time.

atopic

The symptoms of acute atopic conjunctivitis are as follows:

• severe itching;
• discharge from the eyes;
• seasonal relapse;
• the resulting papillae on the conjunctiva;
• corneal ulcer;
• Horner-Trantas points.

Horner-Trantas points - one of the symptoms of conjunctivitis

The atopic type of the disease requires examination every day. For effective treatment it is necessary to apply:

• antihistamine drops;
• compresses;
• topical use of steroids and antibiotics when an ulcer is detected.

Purulent

Bacteria and infections of various types are the main causative agents of acute purulent conjunctivitis.

You can get infected by:

1. the impact of foreign bodies on the mucous membrane of the eye (dust, for example);
2. touches of dirty hands with eyes.

These two actions lead to the rapid development of an eye infection.

Symptoms:

• photophobia;
• pain in the eye area;
• profuse tearing (practically does not stop);
• hyperemia, inflammation;
• a substance released from the eye in the form of pus;
• gluing eyelashes with a purulent excreted substance;
• swelling of the eyelids;
• damage to one eye, after about 3 days - the second.

In children and adults, the disease is almost the same

For children with infection of purulent conjunctivitis, the following are also characteristic:

• drowsiness;
• frequent whims and lethargy;
• swelling in the cheek area;
• increase in body temperature.

Fact! Acute purulent conjunctivitis can really be cured in 3 days, if you actively deal with the elimination of the disease.

To do this, you need to start the procedures on time:

• washing with a weak pink solution of potassium permanganate;
• instillation of one drop per hour of a solution of chloramphenicol (0.25%);
• laying tetracycline eye ointment behind the eyelids (preferably at bedtime).

Before going to bed, be sure to drip your eyes and lay the ointment under the eyelids

Bacterial

This type of disease can be caused by one of two bacteria:

• gram positive;
• Gram-negative.

The main signs and symptoms of acute bacterial conjunctivitis are:

• photophobia;
• profuse flow of tears;
• swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye;
• hyperemia of the eyelids;
• point accumulation of blood;
• purulent discharge with mucus;
• acute burning;
• sensation of a foreign body in the eyes;
• sharp pain;
• the conjunctiva is infringed in the slit of the eye in the process of closing the eyelids.

The main principle of the treatment of the disease in question is the careful observance of the rules of hygiene. To ensure complete cleanliness of the eyes, rinsing with solutions such as furatsilin or boric acid should be done.

Important! Do not use the same cotton pad, ball, wand or syringe twice for one and the other eye. There should be a separate "tool" for each eye.

When choosing eye drops, be sure to consult your doctor.

After the eyes are completely cleared, drops should be dripped every 2 or 3 hours, which the ophthalmologist will prescribe. Most often prescribed:

• tetracycline;
• Levomycetin (0.25%);
• neomycin;
• lincomycin;
• ofloxacin.

Before going to bed, it is advisable to lay an ointment for internal use behind the eyelids, which has an antibacterial effect.

It is possible that acute bacterial conjunctivitis will manifest itself quite violently, with active inflammatory processes. In this case, it is necessary to add drops with antihistamine properties to the standard treatment.

Important! It is forbidden to apply compresses. So the released substance lingers in the conjunctiva and creates a risk of transmission of infection to the cornea.

catarrhal

With the defeat of catarrhal conjunctivitis, the following symptoms are characteristic:

• photophobia;
• secreted substance of a thick mucous consistency from the inner corners of the eyes;
• possible increase in body temperature;
• hyperemia of the conjunctiva;
• in a chronic degree - clouding of the cornea.

Acute catarrhal conjunctivitis requires a medical examination and the establishment of individual therapy. Do not trust people's advice, so as not to aggravate the disease. If you use recommendations for, consult your doctor. You can book an appointment with a doctor on our website.

Important! A patient with conjunctivitis should have a personal towel in the house so as not to infect cohabitants. Also, do not touch your eyes with dirty hands and rub them.

Watch a detailed video about conjunctivitis: