What are reserves. A sanctuary is a protected area where certain objects are protected. How is a sanctuary different from a nature reserve?

Regional landscape parks

Regional landscape parks - environmental recreational institutions of local or regional significance, created with the aim of preserving typical or unique natural complexes and objects in their natural state, as well as providing conditions for organizing recreation for the population.

Functions of regional landscape parks:

Preservation of valuable natural and historical-cultural complexes and objects;

Creation of conditions for effective tourism, recreation and other types of recreational activities in natural conditions in compliance with the regime for the protection of protected natural complexes and objects;

Assistance to ecological educational work.

According to Article 24 of the Law of Ukraine ʼʼOn the Natural Reserve Fund of Ukraineʼʼ, on the territory of landscape parks, taking into account the environmental, recreational, historical, cultural and other values ​​of natural complexes and objects, their features, zoning can be carried out taking into account the requirements established for the territories of national natural parks .

Zoning of the territory of each regional landscape park, recreational and other activities on its territory are carried out in accordance with the Regulations on the national natural park and the Project for organizing the territory of the regional landscape park.

Functional zones of the regional landscape park:

Reserved or custom includes territories intended for the conservation and restoration of the most valuable PCs, the gene pool of flora and fauna. This may include territories of other categories of the NRF: reserves, natural monuments, protected natural areas.

Regulated recreation zone, stationary recreation zone and economic zone have the same purpose as in national natural parks.

Today there are 44 regional landscape parks in Ukraine. There are only 2 in Crimea: Bokalskaya Spit and Kalinovsky.

Along with nature reserves and national parks, a network of state natural reserves is constantly developing.

Reserves- ϶ᴛᴏ natural territories (water areas), which are created for the purpose of preserving and restoring natural complexes or their individual components.

At the same time, certain types of human economic activity are permanently or temporarily prohibited within these territories in order to ensure the protection of one or more valuable objects of wildlife or scenic types of landscape.

Reserve functions:

Preservation and restoration of natural complexes, as well as the number of plants and animals;

Preservation of scenic landscape types.

In the reserves, the number of wild animals in natural conditions is increasing, the resources of valuable plants - medicinal, essential oil, ornamental - are being restored, spawning grounds and resting places for migratory birds are being protected.

It is interesting that regulated (permanent or temporary) economic use of unprotected resources is allowed in sanctuaries, provided that it does not cause damage to protected species or complexes. At the same time, in our country, the system of reserves is widely used in hunting and serves as a means of increasing the number of game animals.

To date, there are several types of reserves, the name of which indicates the main object of protection. Types of reserves: landscape, forest, botanical, general zoological, ornithological, entomological(protection of insects) , ichthyological, hydrological, general geological and karst-speleological(protection of caves, canyons ), paleontological(protection of places of finds of accumulations of ancient flora and fauna).

Given the dependence of the order delay, there are perpetual, long-term and short-term reserves. Thus, a long-term reserve is created for a period of more than 5 years; short-term - less than 5 years. On the territory of the reserve, activities that are contrary to the goals and objectives provided for by the regulation on the reserve are limited or prohibited. In case of extreme importance, protection zones can be created around wildlife sanctuaries.

In the CIS, there are currently about 3,000 sanctuaries covering an area of ​​about 40 million hectares. On the territory of Crimea there are state reserves: landscape - ʼʼChernaya Rechkaʼʼ, ʼʼThe Grand Canyon of Crimeaʼʼ, ʼʼAyu-Dagʼʼ, ʼʼKachinsky Canyonʼʼ; landscape-botanical - ʼʼNew Worldʼʼ, ʼʼTract Kubolachʼʼ; landscape-hydrological - ʼʼKhapkhalskyʼʼ, ʼʼKarkinitsky Bayʼʼ; landscape and ornithological ʼʼAstana plavniʼʼ and ʼʼTract on Karabi-yayleʼʼ (landscape and botanical).

Preserves - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Reserves" 2017, 2018.

In the twentieth century, a system of specially protected natural areas was actively created in Russia. All new reserves and sanctuaries are organized in our century. Protected areas are necessary to preserve the natural resources of our planet.

What is a reserve

The reserve is organized in a territory where complex protection of the ecosystem is necessary. A virgin forest or other part of the Earth, the nature of which is in its original form, is protected. Restoration work is not carried out in the reserve. Visiting the protected core (the area of ​​​​which can occupy up to one hundred percent of the territory) by unauthorized persons is prohibited.

What is a reserve

A sanctuary is a piece of territory or water area that requires the restoration of an ecosystem or part of it. Such protected areas are created when the number of rare animals or plants decreases.

If a valuable geological or historical and cultural object is located on the territory or water area, then a nature reserve is also organized on this area. It can exist indefinitely or be disbanded after the completion of, for example, excavations.

The reserve is a piece of territory, the protection of which is not complete. If a valuable commercial object of hunting is restored in this area, then hunting for a specific representative of the fauna is prohibited. At the same time, picking berries and mushrooms is allowed. If a geological object is protected on the site, then only a negative impact on this structure is prohibited.

A sanctuary is a territory that can be either withdrawn from the owners and users of the land, or kept in their ownership. The decision depends on whether the visit to the area and the use of some natural resources affects the object requiring restoration.

Types of reserves depending on the type of subordination

State natural reserves are:

1. Federal value.
2. regional significance.

State reserves of federal significance are important for the country as a whole. In total, there are 59 such objects in Russia. Back in 2013, there were 70 federal reserves. However, some of them were reduced to the regional level.

Types of reserves depending on the objects of restoration

There are different objects that need to be restored, as they are of great value to humanity. Reserves are divided into the following types:

1. landscape. The entire natural complex is being restored.
2. Biological. Endangered species of flora and fauna are being restored.
3. Hydrological. Valuable aquatic ecosystems are preserved.
4. Geological. Inanimate objects are protected.
5. Paleontological. Fossil objects are protected.

Reserves of Russia

The territories of the reserves are unevenly distributed over the area of ​​the Russian Federation. Most of the protected objects are located in Western Europe, Western Siberia and in the south of the Asian part of our country.

Purinsky Reserve (zoological)

The Purinsky Reserve, located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, is the largest in terms of area. It occupies 7875 square kilometers. An object was created with the aim of preserving and restoring the number of game animals. The migration of rare representatives of the fauna also passes through the territory of the tundra. The Purinsky Reserve is a zoological reserve. Biotopes are being restored at the facility - habitats and migrations of rare representatives of the fauna. It also conducts research in the field of biology and ecology.

Reserve "Moose" (biological)

The Losiny Reserve is located in the north of Primorsky Krai. Wild ungulates and rare plants are protected on the territory. The number of ungulates is restored in the following ways:

1. Animals are being fed.
2. Biotopes suitable for the inhabitants are being restored: the quality of forest plantations is improving.
3. A count is being carried out, and selection work is underway.
4. Animal diseases are being fought.

Accounting for the number is necessary to control the results of the work done.

"Pozarym" - biological reserve of Khakassia

In the twenty-first century, new protected areas continue to be organized, including reserves. The reserve "Pozarym" was founded in December 2011. Endangered species of plants and animals are protected on the territory: the forest subspecies of the reindeer, snow leopard, red wolf, argali mountain sheep, Siberian mountain goat and other representatives of the fauna.

Indigenous peoples of this area continue to engage in economic activities on the territory of the reserve: they fish for their own food, collect herbs, nuts, mushrooms, and berries.

"Dzeren Valley" (landscape reserve)

The Dzerena Valley reserve is located on the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Wetlands of this subject of the Russian Federation are of value to the whole of Russia. "Dzerena Valley" is a federal-level reserve. Biotopes are protected here - habitats and migrations of rare animals, scientific research is carried out. Tourism is developed on the territory.

This reserve was organized in November 2011 and, like the previous one, is one of the last protected objects created on the territory of Russia.

Reserve "Stone steppe" (landscape and zoological)

It is located in the Voronezh region and has an area of ​​​​only 52 square kilometers. The object "Stone steppe" is one of the smallest reserves in terms of area. Unique forest-steppe landscapes, which are semi-cultural, are protected on the territory. Marmots live here, the number of which must be maintained.

What is a reserve? A sanctuary is a section of the Earth's surface on which certain works are being carried out. Any specific objects are being restored or protected on the square.

Today, man irreparably affects the environment. Its constant activity leads to the fact that the flora and fauna undergo irreversible changes, which in some cases lead to their partial or complete disappearance. Due to certain changes, violations of the migration of birds and representatives of the animal world are observed, the diversity of both forest and water environments is narrowing, reservoirs and natural water sources are polluted. Many of these species of flora and fauna are on the verge of extinction, as evidenced by their placement in the Red Book.

Today, in order to restore and preserve representatives of flora and fauna in the territories of all countries, natural protected areas which are carefully protected by law. It can be nature reserves, national parks, as well as various wildlife sanctuaries. The status of such a territory is determined by order. This is done by special authorized bodies. They are also responsible for monitoring compliance with all established requirements and rules.

The main distinguishing features of the reserves

Reserves are protected areas of the territory on the ground, which have a certain status. In such places, actions are prohibited or have certain restrictions, which can disrupt the ecosystem of the protected area, as well as adversely affect the reproduction and habitation of certain species of birds and animals. It should be noted that restrictions can be set not permanently, but for a certain period of time.

Such protected objects as sanctuaries are most often formed with the aim of preserving a certain population of representatives of the animal or plant world, as well as aquatic life. On their territory, hunting, trapping of certain species of representatives of the animal world is prohibited. In addition, it is not allowed to perform certain actions that may affect the reproduction and habitation of protected species, for example, land reclamation, livestock grazing, deforestation, laying asphalt and country roads and any other construction.

In wildlife sanctuaries, where animals may suffer from a lack of sufficient food during the harsh winter period, special feeders. Jaegers look after their timely filling. In the flood zone of reservoirs, construction of dams is carried out, which prevent the flooding of the dwellings of rodents, anthills, as well as bird and bumblebee nests located in fields and meadows.

Also in biological and hydrological reserves, constant monitoring of the natural processes of plant growth and the state of water resources, as well as factors that affect the spawning of various fish species, is carried out. In landscape reserves, natural phenomena are monitored, which cause changes in the state of soils and rock masses. The sanctuaries are entrusted with the function of original natural laboratories, where studies and observations are constantly conducted. Their primary purpose is to provide research opportunities.

What are nature reserves

Reserves are territories that are strictly protected by the state. On their territory can be located:

• Land areas that can be represented by meadows, fields.
• Water areas, natural springs, rivers and lakes can be located on the territory of reserves.
• Wooded areas with various types of trees and shrubs.
• Endangered families of birds and animals.
• Rare plant communities.
• Geological formations unique in their structure.

Most often, the status of a reserve is given to a zone that is a typical representative of the flora and fauna for a particular area, but at the same time representing historical and natural significance, as a national treasure or natural object. Very interesting are museum reserves that have historical structures and buildings on their territory, as well as other interesting and protected objects.

It should be noted that any type of activity, both economic and industrial, is prohibited in the reserves. Such restrictions apply to both individuals and legal entities. Also, movement or any activities that can cause violations of the integrity of the natural complex, as well as provoke the death of the inhabitants and plants inhabiting the territory, are not allowed.

The most significant reserves on the territory of various countries are included in the number of biosphere reserves, they have a corresponding confirmation in the form UNESCO certificates. Such territories have natural and historical significance for the whole world.

Significant differences between the reserve and the reserve

There are certain differences between such protected natural objects:

1. Reserves are organized by authorized bodies to preserve certain species of plants and animals, while the entire territory is under protection in reserves.
2. In sanctuaries, restrictions are placed on certain types of activities and may be temporary. Any activity is not allowed in the reserves. Violation of such rules is punishable by law in the manner prescribed by law.
3. Some reserves, unlike wildlife sanctuaries, are included in the number of biological reserves.

It can be concluded that there are significant differences between the reserve and the reserve.

Either their separate types, or separate historical-memorial or geological objects.

1. State natural reserves are territories (water areas) that are of particular importance for the conservation or restoration of natural complexes or their components and maintaining the ecological balance. 2. The declaration of a territory as a state nature reserve is allowed both with and without withdrawal from users, owners and proprietors of land plots. 3. State nature reserves may be of federal or regional significance. ........ 5. State nature reserves of federal significance are administered by state bodies of the Russian Federation specially authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation and are financed from the federal budget and other sources not prohibited by law.

To ensure the inviolability of protected objects in sanctuaries certain economic activities such as hunting, fishing, haymaking, grazing are prohibited, while other activities that do not affect protected sites may be allowed.

There are currently 69 reserves federal significance with a total area of ​​about 170,000 sq. km in 45 subjects of the federation, as well as almost 12 thousand regional reserves.

see also

Links

• Approximate regulation on State natural reserves in the Russian Federation
• Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories"

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Reserves" are in other dictionaries:

Reserves- Protected areas, only partially withdrawn from the sphere of economic use; for example, hunting and fishery reserves. Wed reserves, national parks and natural monuments. Ecological dictionary. Alma Ata: "Science". B.A. Bykov… … Ecological dictionary

- (state nature reserves), territories (water areas) of particular importance for the conservation or restoration of natural complexes or their components and maintaining the ecological balance of the region. Reserves can be federal or ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

RESERVES- territories where certain types and forms of economic activity are permanently or temporarily prohibited to ensure the protection of one or more components of the natural complex: plants, animals, communities, minerals, etc. By ... ... Glossary of botanical terms

RESERVES- A reserve is a territory declared for the purpose of preserving, reproducing and restoring natural complexes and objects, natural resources of one or more types in combination with limited and agreed use of others ... ... Law of Belarus: Concepts, terms, definitions

State natural reserve of protected areas with a custom regime or a regulated regime of economic activity, designed to preserve and reproduce one or more objects of the state natural reserve fund. ... ... Wikipedia

There are no reserves in the Tomsk region, there are only reserves: 15 zoological reserves: Tomsky Upper Sorovsky Ilovsky Kaltai Karegodsky Ket Kassky Malo Yuksinsky Oktyabrsky Sturgeon nelm Paninsky Pershinsky Poskoevsky ... ... Wikipedia

- No. p.p. Name of the protected object Area, ha Location Type Enterprise, institution, organization in charge of the object Name of the authority, number and date of the decision to create a protected object 1 Arabatsky 600, 0 Leninsky district, ... ... Wikipedia

State natural reserves of the Yaroslavl region of Federal significance (1) Name and location Area, ha Responsible organization Borders Yaroslavl (zoological), Danilovsky and Nekrasovsky MR 14300 Yaroslavl regional ... ... Wikipedia

complex nature reserves- kompleksinis draustinis statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Kartografinis draustinis, kuriame saugoma ypatingoje geografinėje padėtyje esanti vietovė. atitikmenys: engl. complex corservation area; complex nature reserves vok.… … Ekologijos terminų aiskinamasis žodynas

Books

• Environmental law. Textbook , . The textbook outlines the course "Environmental Law", corresponding to the programs and current requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education for students ...

reserve

m. Land - forest, steppe, etc. - or a water area within which all or certain species of animals, plants, etc. are under special protection.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

reserve

a territory (water area) where, with limited use of natural resources, certain species of animals, plants, water, forest, land objects, etc. are protected. There are hunting, fishing and other reserves.

Reserve

a section of a territory or water area within which not the entire natural complex is under special protection, as in a reserve, but only its individual elements: vegetation, all or some species of animals, etc.

In the USSR, hunting zoos, established for the purpose of preserving valuable species of animals and birds, are most widespread. they prohibit hunting for up to 10 years or more. There are fisheries (to protect spawning grounds, spawners, and juveniles of valuable fish), landscape (picturesque river valleys, lakes with surrounding terrain, etc., which have aesthetic and cultural significance and are used for recreation and tourism), forest, steppe, and swamps (established for scientific purposes, as well as for solving certain economic problems and protecting communities of rare plants), geological (unique caves, geological outcrops, locations of fossil flora and fauna), hydrological (lakes with unusual hydrological regime) and other natural lands ., as well as Z. for the protection of territories of historical and memorial significance.

Natural zoning is formed by decrees of the Councils of Ministers of the Union republics and by decisions of local Soviets; their regime is established by the governments of the Union republics, nature protection agencies, and executive committees of local Soviets. Special legal acts on Z. have been adopted by the Union republics. Economic activities that are incompatible with the main purpose of the zone are usually prohibited on the territory of the zone. Depending on the object of protection, the following may be prohibited: hunting, fishing, logging, grazing, haymaking, quarrying, and others.

Lit .: Remarkable natural landscapes of the USSR and their protection. Sat. Art., ed. L. K. Shaposhnikova. Moscow, 1967. Emelyanova V. G., Legislation on reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, natural monuments, M., 1971, p. 22≈26.

L. K. Shaposhnikov.

Wikipedia

Reserve (tributary of the Taz)

Reserve- a river in Russia, flows through the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Territory. The mouth of the river is located 1333 km along the right bank of the Taz River. The length of the river is 24 km.

Preserve (disambiguation)

Reserve- Can mean:

• The reserve is a protected natural area
• The reserve is a river in Russia, flows in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Territory

Examples of the use of the word reserve in the literature.

In the first months of the occupation of Belovezhskaya reserve The Germans started cutting wood.

True, in the south of the Polish state at that time lived in captivity, on the Pilyavino estate, four semi-tame bison, once bought in Belovezhsky reserve Prince Plese, the owner of the estate.

Then he wandered around various fur farms, and, finally, he became a huntsman in one hunting reserve- two hundred kame from St. Petersburg towards Kingisepp.

It was at that moment that a new thought occurred to me: to go to the former royal reserve, into the dark forests, wait there for a while, and when the enemy’s movement on the roads subsides, move along the rear to the front, break through it in a weak spot and go out to your own.

I was instructed to inspect the royal reserve and make recommendations to the new military directorate.

Built in the thirties by the far-seeing, though prematurely deceased, Mr. Sandicot, who had the foresight to invest in them, these twelve houses bordered a golf course on the south side of the cul-de-sac, and on the north they were adjoined by a bird's eye reserve-- a narrow strip of birch and gorse, whose real purpose was not so much to give shelter to birds as to maintain the proper value of Sandicot's possessions.

Judging by the way they howl there, it's more like reserve cemetery ghosts.

With a sense of accomplishment and anticipation that he would finally be able to rest and sleep, on Thursday morning, agent 628 461 went to the bird reserve to put your report in the cache.

Agent 378,550 bought a bag of popcorn and a jar of honey at the first store he came across, then took a condom from 885,794 and went to reserve test your idea.

First of all, I intended to get acquainted with the animals of this rare reserve, which I had the honor to visit before the war.

We assure you that immunity reserve we will protect with all strictness and will not allow as much as possible.

Lockhart went out of the house, through the bushes and thickets of bird reserve he made his way along the rear to the garden that surrounded the Reisim house, climbed over the fence and climbed onto the cherry tree, from which everything that was happening in the bedroom was perfectly visible.

After signing this telegram, supposedly sent by a doctor under a false name, Lockhart quietly climbed one of the telegraph poles that stood on the territory reserve, and cut off the telephone line to the Grabble house.

Reishima, Mrs. Thruster, and Mrs. Grable before him, were heard not only far beyond the bird's eye reserve, but also underground, where Lockhart hurriedly disconnected the hose from the sewer pipe and pulled it back into the Wilson house.

With bloodshot eyes and a protruding tongue, the dog rushed out of the birdhouse with a noise. reserve, rushed through the garden of the Musgrove sisters, grabbed one of the firefighters on the calf for a warm-up and, having got a taste, entered into a deadly fight with a fire hose.