Which plants will survive a nuclear war. Rescue of the atomic dog. Abandon religious beliefs
It is no secret that the consequences of a nuclear war can be very deplorable. Massive destruction, the death of millions and even billions of people, thousands of species of animals and plants, a long nuclear winter are just some of the possible consequences. But will any living beings be able to survive an atomic war if something happens? It turns out they can. And there are at least 10 of them. Amoebas do not care about nuclear war
In the event of a cataclysm, amoeba will be able to restore the population of the species as soon as possible. The simplest form of life can survive any global cataclysm. Amoebas can suspend all life processes and spend as much time as they want in a “frozen” state. These unicellular organisms are found in huge numbers in almost all corners of the world, so it is not possible to destroy them all. Amoebas are resistant to radiation, and they simply cannot have genetic mutations. These organisms can reproduce quickly enough that even if 99% of the amoebas are destroyed, the surviving representatives will repopulate the species in the shortest possible time. cockroaches
Cockroaches are perhaps the most tenacious insects! Probably the best-known animal to survive a nuclear war is the cockroach. This insect is able to withstand huge doses of radiation. This is interesting: Scientists have found that the cockroaches, who were only 300 meters from the epicenter at the time of the nuclear bomb explosion in Hiroshima, remained alive. Even though modern nuclear bombs are much more powerful than the "Baby" bomb dropped on Hiroshima, the extinction of all cockroaches in the event of a global atomic war is unlikely. MythBusters claims that 10% of the cockroaches in their test survived exposure levels of 10,000 rads. For humans, this dose is considered lethal. Death occurs within a few hours from damage to the central nervous system. Why is the fatal dose of radiation for humans not the same for cockroaches? The fact is that the growth rate of these insects is extremely low. Cockroach cells divide only once every 48 hours, so the risk of their mutation is minimal. Scorpion
Scorpions live on every continent except Antarctica Scorpions are another animal that can survive the effects of even the most devastating nuclear war. Scorpions tolerate both ultraviolet and nuclear radiation. They can adapt to any living conditions. Nowadays, they are found on all continents except Antarctica. In addition, a scorpion can even survive a complete freeze. In which case, they will simply “wait out” the nuclear winter in a state of suspended animation, and when the temperature on Earth rises again, they will return to life. Scorpions often hide in burrows or crevices. Such shelters will provide them with some physical protection, such as from fallout and penetrating ionized radiation. This is interesting: These animals practically do not undergo genetic mutations even during evolution. Therefore, scorpions that lived, for example, 300 million years ago, are practically no different from their modern counterparts. Braconid wasps
Lingulata outlived 99% of all species that existed on our planet. Lingulata are a class of animals of the Brachiopod type. In fact, these are ordinary mollusks. The name comes from the Latin word lingula, translated as "tongue". It is their shell that looks like a tongue. There have been five mass extinctions in the history of the Earth (we may be living in the sixth era). We list them: 440 million years ago, during the era of the Ordovician-Silurian extinction, approximately 60% of the species of marine invertebrates disappeared. The Devonian extinction occurred 364 million years ago. During this period, the total number of species of marine life decreased by 2 times. During the "great" Permian extinction, approximately 95% of the species of all plants and animals disappeared. It happened 251 million years ago. More than half of all species of living organisms went off the path of evolution 199 million years ago, during the era of the Triassic extinction. 65.5 million years ago, dinosaurs disappeared from the face of the earth, and with them another 18% of all species. Scientists call this extinction the Cretaceous-Paleogene. Surprisingly, Lingulata survived all 5 mass extinctions without any problems. It seems that in critical cases, these animals are able to dig deep into the ground and fall into suspended animation. But this is just a guess. This is interesting: Scientists do not know how Lingulata managed to survive 99% of all species that have ever existed on Earth. Despite this, few doubt that they are able to survive in a global nuclear war. Drosophila
Drosophila flies tolerate radiation up to 64,000 rads Drosophila fruit flies can tolerate high doses of radiation - up to about 64,000 rads. If the cockroaches mentioned above are able to survive a nuclear war thanks to slow cell division, fruit flies have another trump card. They reproduce very quickly and have only 8 chromosomes. The small size of Drosophila also plays an important role. The fact is that due to the small area of \u200b\u200bthe body, a smaller number of cells are exposed to radiation than in other animals. People
Love saves the world! Are you surprised that there are people on this list? But in vain! Despite the fact that humans are not highly resistant to the effects of radiation, the chances of our species surviving a nuclear war are quite high. And there are several reasons for this. First, the number of nuclear weapons in the world is actually decreasing, which means fewer bombs. Secondly, purely technically, it is very difficult to destroy all people without exception, because they are too widely scattered around the world. This is interesting: Although some modern bombs are 1000 times more powerful than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima, this does not mean that 1000 times more people will die if they explode. Much depends on where exactly the deadly projectile will be dropped. For example, if an explosion occurs in a remote taiga, dozens, maximum hundreds of people will die. If in a densely populated city, for example, New York, then the number of victims can be in the millions. Other factors also play an important role, for example, the terrain or the nature of the explosion (ground, air, etc.) There are thousands of bomb shelters in the world. There is no doubt that in the event of a nuclear apocalypse, many people will take refuge in them. Most likely, there will be enough survivors so that they can repopulate the earth. True, after reaching the surface, these people will be forced to “return” to the Stone Age, and they will have to forget about all the scientific and technological achievements of our civilization for a long time. Fundulus
Fundulus live where other fish cannot live. You might think that the fundulus is some kind of mythical creature from Hogwarts, but in fact it is an ordinary fish. It is believed that marine life is very picky about environmental conditions. A slight change in water temperature, salinity or chemical composition can provoke their mass death. However, the fundulus can live anywhere. Scientists find representatives of this species in the most polluted areas of the sea, for example, in oil spills. And this fish managed to visit space! Several were delivered to the Skylab space station in 1973. Scientists have found that weightlessness does not cause them much inconvenience (in the presence of water in a closed container, of course). Fundulus have even bred in space! Their main secret is the ability to quickly adapt to changing conditions. tardigrade
It is almost impossible to kill a tardigrade Tardigrade (or water bear) is a close relative of insects and spiders. The size of adults of representatives of this species does not exceed 1 millimeter. Interestingly, adult water bears differ from individuals that have just hatched from eggs only in size. The number of cells in tardigrades does not increase from the moment of birth. They (cells) simply increase in size. When tardigrades were discovered in hot springs at great depths, scientists decided to find out what conditions they could endure. In December 2006, an interesting article was published in one of the scientific journals. It talked about the fact that one of the representatives of this species, kept in a museum in a dry environment for more than 120 years, suddenly moved its paw! This is interesting: Research has helped to find out that tardigrades can withstand really extreme conditions: they can literally be boiled, crushed, frozen, sent into space, kept without water for several decades. All this will not prevent "clinically dead" organisms from coming back to life! In 1998, Japanese researchers Kunihiro Seki and Mosato Toyoshima placed two species of water bears in tiny containers, which were then immersed in liquid perfluorocarbon. The animals were under an incredible pressure of 600 megapascals for about half an hour. This is about 6 times the pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench (the deepest point in the oceans). Amazingly, 82% of tardigrades of one species and 96% of individuals of another species were able to survive. For comparison: all bacteria known to scientists die already at a pressure of 200 megapascals. But the experts were most surprised in 2007, when water bears were sent into low Earth orbit on the Foton-M3 space satellite. Adult tardigrades and their eggs spent a week and a half in a box attached to the outer wall of the satellite. They were not protected from vacuum or deadly ionizing rays, and the ambient temperature was -272°C! Amazingly, 68% of tardigrades successfully endured such an ordeal. The eggs of water bears that had been in outer space were no different from the rest in terms of viability. Unfortunately, researchers do not know what causes the amazing endurance of tardigrades. Bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran
The bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran has an amazing ability: it independently repairs damaged parts of its DNA! This bacterium is the most radiation-resistant form of life on Earth. It can independently repair damaged sections of DNA, and this process occurs very quickly. Members of the scientific community are currently researching this organism to see if it can be used to treat humans. The bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran is already used today to eliminate various contaminants. And it can also become such a “time capsule”! If people are threatened with mass extinction, for example, from a nuclear war, genetic scientists will be able to "write" a message into the DNA of Deinococcus Radioduran. Even after 100 generations, it will remain unchanged. At this stage, scientists can only speculate why the bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran has become so resistant. Of course, it can be very interesting to speculate about what the world might look like after a nuclear war. But the main task of people is to prevent us from ever testing the corresponding guesses in practice.
Many are sure that in the event of a large-scale nuclear war, there will be nothing alive on Earth. However, at least 10 species of living beings have a fairly high chance of surviving. These creatures were listed by the Toptenz portal.
Amoeba.
One of the simplest forms of life may become the basis for the emergence of new species of living beings in the post-nuclear world. The amoeba will definitely survive, experts say. For the winter, it is able to fall into a kind of hibernation, in addition, there are a great many of these microorganisms in the world, they multiply rapidly and are not sensitive to radiation. So they have every chance.
Cockroach.
This insect has a very high chance of survival. They are able to survive in the most severe conditions: in particular, they managed to escape within a radius of 300 meters from the epicenter of the nuclear bomb explosion in Hiroshima. The current weapons are much more powerful than this bomb, but compared to humans, cockroaches still have more chances to survive. So, at a radiation dose of 10,000 rads, 10% of cockroaches will survive (this was shown, in particular, by an experiment conducted in the MythBusters program). For a person, this dose is lethal: the irradiated person will die within a few hours or days.
Scorpion.
This creature is able to tolerate powerful ultraviolet radiation, therefore, it is possible to cope with radioactive. In addition, they can fall into suspended animation, so they are not afraid of low temperatures.
Braconids.
Lingulata.
This marine brachial creature appeared in the Cambrian period and survived many cataclysms, including those that destroyed the dinosaurs. Under unfavorable conditions, lingulata is able to burrow deeply and for a long time into the ground, and then reappear. How they do this is not clear, but since they survived 99% of the species ever existing, it is likely that they will be saved after a nuclear explosion, the author of the rating notes.
Drosophila flies.
Fruit flies are also very resistant to radiation, like other insects. Such resistance appeared in them due to the slow division of cells in their organisms. The advantage of fruit flies is that they reproduce extremely quickly, which means that this species is able to quickly adapt to new conditions.
Human.
Oddly enough, a person is also able to survive in conditions of radioactive contamination. People live in vast areas, so those who are far from the explosions will survive. In addition, people have special shelters and, if necessary, humanity will probably invent new ways to protect against radiation.
fundulus(Fundulus heteroclitus) is a small fish that can survive anywhere. As a rule, fish are very sensitive to environmental changes, but not this one. They are able to exist in the most polluted areas, in addition, they are the only fish that have been in space and even gave quite viable offspring there. The secret of these fish is the ability to quickly adapt to changing conditions.
Tardigrade.
This microscopic invertebrate impresses with its endurance. It is able to survive at extremely low and high temperatures, is resistant to radiation, and can be in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide for quite a long time. In addition, experiments have shown that tardigrades are able to return to life after 10 days in outer space.
The bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran.
It is the most resistant to ionizing radiation. "In many ways, it surpasses the practically indestructible tardigrade," the author of the rating noted. This bacterium is able to repair damaged DNA, and quite quickly. Due to this property, the bacterium is used to clean up radioactive waste.
Since the advent of nuclear weapons, many people have been interested in the question of what forms of life would be preserved on Earth if a real nuclear war suddenly happened, the planet was irradiated and plunged into nuclear winter. The answer to this question awaits you further.
The amoeba, being perhaps the simplest form of life and perhaps the basis of all subsequent ones, will certainly survive. Amoebas have the ability to enter sleep mode by wrapping themselves in a protective layer and remain in this state for an indefinite period of time.
They are resistant to radiation, and being a single-celled organism, they don't have the problem of mutation when they reproduce. Amoebas reproduce on their own very quickly, they can be found all over the world in huge numbers, and they are very small, so the probability of their survival is very high.
2. Cockroaches
The cockroach is perhaps the most well-known of all animals with great potential for survival. Cockroaches are able to withstand a moderate amount of radiation, and have been able to survive being 300 meters from the site where the Hiroshima bomb went off.
Of course, modern weapons are much more powerful, and cockroaches would hardly survive the current nuclear explosion. Mythbusters in their tests showed that 10 percent of cockroaches withstood a level of radiation of 10,000 rads. The Hiroshima bomb emitted 10,000 rads, so cockroaches might have survived far from the epicenter of the radiation.
On the contrary, people exposed to 10,000 rads of radiation would instantly suffer from a coma, and very soon this would lead to death. The ability of cockroaches to survive is due to their slow growth rate. Their cells reproduce every 48 hours, which reduces the risk of mutations.
3. Scorpions
Anyone who has seen scorpions living in captivity knows that they can withstand ultraviolet radiation. In addition, they have a chance to survive in the event of a nuclear explosion.
Scorpions live on every continent except Antarctica, and they can be frozen and brought back to life, which would help them in the event of a nuclear winter.
They are often found in burrows and crevices, giving them some physical protection from radiation and fallout. Scorpions are very resilient and have remained virtually unchanged throughout evolution due to their perfect shape.
4 Braconid Wasps
5. Lingulata
Lingulata belongs to the class of brachiopods or animals with valvular shells. The name of these animals is translated from Latin as "tongue" because of the shape of their shells.
There have been five mass extinctions in Earth's history when most of life was wiped out. Lingulata has survived all mass extinctions, perhaps due to the ability to burrow deep into the earth during difficult periods and reappear later.
Despite their survival skills, scientists still don't know how they do it, but they probably also have a good chance of surviving a nuclear war.
6. Fruit flies
Fruit flies or Drosophila can survive high doses of radiation up to 64,000 rads.
Many insects are able to withstand radiation due to slow cell division and very rapid reproduction, as is the case with fruit flies. The ability to reproduce means that they can mutate very quickly with any change.
The small size of fruit flies also works in their favor, since fewer cells are exposed to radiation and a smaller surface absorbs it.
Surprisingly, but it is quite possible that people will be able to survive in a nuclear war. First, the number of nuclear weapons in the world is decreasing. And although existing bombs can wipe everything off the face of the Earth, this is unlikely, since people are scattered all over the world.
Now the bombs are 1000 times more powerful than the one that was dropped on Hiroshima, but this does not mean that 1000 times more people will die.
Given the spread of people around the world and the presence of nuclear shelters, it is likely that enough people can survive to maintain a viable population. Fortunately, we are endowed with intelligence to find a way out of many situations, which is primarily worth using in order not to drop atomic bombs.
8. Fundulus
Fundulus, no matter how strange its name sounds, is an ordinary fish. Fish usually do not survive as well and any changes in salt composition, water temperature and pollution can lead to their death.
Fundulus is a special fish as it can live in almost any environment. She lives in the most polluted areas of the sea with the strongest chemical spills.
It is also the only fish to have been in space. Several fish were launched into the Skylab orbital station in 1973 in plastic aquarium bags, and tests showed that they were able to swim in space, and their descendants were born the same as before.
The ability to survive is related to their ability to turn genes on and off on demand. The fish can even rearrange some body parts to adapt to the new environment.
9 Tardigrades
Tardigrades or "little water bears" are extremophiles. This means that they are able to withstand extreme environmental conditions. They can be boiled, crushed, frozen, they survive in space, without water, they can be revived a decade after they were practically clinically dead.
Tardigrades grow to only 1.5 mm in length, and therefore are less at risk of explosion on their own. This, together with the ability to survive under almost any conditions, including radiation, practically guarantees them life after a nuclear war.
10. Bacterium Deinococcus Radioduran
If tardigrades are extremophiles, then the gram-positive, extremophilic coccus of the genus Deinococcus Radioduran can be attributed to polyextremophiles.
The bacterium is considered the most resistant to radiation form of life. It is able to repair damaged DNA so quickly that scientists are trying to use it to treat people.
It is already being used to cleanse contaminated areas and as a "time capsule".
In the event of mass death, such as a nuclear war, scientists can write a message into the DNA of these bacteria, and after 100 generations, this message will remain. Researchers don't know why the bacterium has become so resistant. However, if people survive, they will be able to receive messages from the virtually indestructible bacteria.
Incredible Facts
A nuclear war can bring destruction and mass death, and therefore it is better for people to learn how to get along with each other.
But if such an event suddenly happened, and the earth was irradiated and plunged into nuclear winter, what would happen to life on our planet?
Would everyone die or would someone survive? Here are some of the most resilient creatures in the world.
1. Amoeba
The amoeba, being perhaps the simplest form of life and perhaps the basis of all subsequent ones, will certainly survive. Amoebas have the ability enter sleep mode, wrapped in a protective layer, and remain in this state for an indefinite period of time.
They are resistant to radiation, and as a single-celled organism, they have no mutation problem during reproduction. Amoebas reproduce on their own very quickly, they can be found all over the world in huge numbers, and they are very small, so the probability of their survival is very high.
2. Cockroaches
The cockroach is perhaps the most well-known of all animals with great potential for survival. Cockroaches are able to withstand a moderate amount of radiation, and have been able to survive being 300 meters from the site where the Hiroshima bomb went off.
Of course, modern weapons are much more powerful, and cockroaches would hardly survive the current nuclear explosion. The "Mythbusters" in their tests demonstrated that 10 percent of cockroaches survived 10,000 rads of radiation. The Hiroshima bomb emitted 10,000 rads, so cockroaches might have survived far from the epicenter of the radiation.
On the contrary, people exposed to 10,000 rads of radiation would instantly suffer from a coma, and very soon this would lead to death. The ability of cockroaches to survive is due to their slow growth rate. Them cells reproduce every 48 hours which reduces the risk of mutations.
3. Scorpions
Everyone who has seen scorpions living in captivity knows that they are capable of withstand ultraviolet radiation. In addition, they have a chance to survive in the event of a nuclear explosion.
Scorpions live on every continent except Antarctica, and they can be frozen and brought back to life, which would help them in the event of a nuclear winter.
They are often found in burrows and crevices, giving them some physical protection from radiation and fallout. Scorpions are very persistent and remained virtually unchanged throughout evolution due to the ideal form.
4 Braconid Wasps
Scientists have found that these wasps can withstand up to 180,000 rads of radiation, making them one of the most resilient animals in the world.
The only problem is whether they can find a prey to lay their eggs, but maybe they will. In addition, braconids can be taught to smell harmful and explosive substances like dogs.
5. Lingulata
Lingulata belongs to the class of brachiopods or animals with valvular shells. The name of these animals is translated from Latin as "tongue" because of the shape of their shells.
There have been five mass extinctions in Earth's history when most of life was wiped out. Lingulata survived all the mass extinctions, perhaps due to the ability to burrow deep into the ground during difficult periods and reappear later.
Despite their survival skills, scientists still don't know how they do it, but they probably also have a good chance of surviving a nuclear war.
6. Fruit flies
Fruit flies or Drosophila can survive at high doses radiation up to 64,000 rad.
Many insects are able to withstand radiation due to slow cell division and very rapid reproduction, as is the case with fruit flies. The ability to reproduce means that they can mutate very quickly with any change.
The small size of fruit flies also works in their favor, since fewer cells are exposed to radiation and a smaller surface absorbs it.
7. People
Surprisingly, but quite maybe people can survive in a nuclear war. First, the number of nuclear weapons in the world is decreasing. And although existing bombs can wipe everything off the face of the Earth, this is unlikely, since people are scattered all over the world.
Now the bombs are 1000 times more powerful than the one that was dropped on Hiroshima, but this does not mean that 1000 times more people will die.
Given the dispersion of people in different parts of the world and in the presence of anti-nuclear shelters, it is likely that enough people can survive to maintain a viable population. Fortunately, we are endowed with intelligence to find a way out of many situations, which is primarily worth using in order not to drop atomic bombs.
8. Fundulus
Fundulus, no matter how strange its name sounds, is an ordinary fish. Fish usually do not survive as well and any changes in salt composition, water temperature and pollution can lead to their death.
Fundulus is a special fish because it can live in almost any environment. She lives in the most polluted areas of the sea with the strongest chemical spills.
Also this the only fish to have been in space. Several fish were launched into the Skylab orbital station in 1973 in plastic aquarium bags, and tests showed that they were able to swim in space, and their descendants were born the same as before.
The ability to survive is related to their ability to turn genes on and off on demand. The fish can even rearrange some body parts to adapt to the new environment.
9 Tardigrades
Tardigrades or "little water bears" refer to extremophiles. This means that they are able to withstand extreme environmental conditions. They can be boiled, crushed, frozen, they survive in space, without water, they can be revived a decade after they were practically clinically dead.