National relations in the modern world. Problems of interethnic relations in our country. Interethnic relations and national politics Download presentation on the topic of interethnic relations
"The role of women in the modern world" - Islam. Social discrimination of women. The role of women in the modern world. Mark on history. Ceiling. Women's Day. Position. The position of women in society. Focus on relationships between people. Women. A look at a woman.
"Sociology as a science" - Object and subject. Theories of the middle level of social institutions. Social. He built a new science on the model of the natural sciences. Theories of the middle level. Natural. XX century Theories of the middle level. They study individual social institutions, communities, specialized social processes. Personal. main categories.
"Society and public relations" - Society and nature. Public relations Spheres of public life Society is a dynamic system Society and nature. Society is a dynamic system. The functions of society. What is a society? Society and public relations. spheres of public life. Society.
"Interaction in society" - Society and public relations. What is a society? Interaction between man and society. Think about how a person can relate to nature? Society. Subsystems. System of social sciences. Society and nature. Society as a system.
The term "social institution". Attitudes and patterns of behavior. social institution. Prestige. Non-core social institutions. Need. The level of activity of the individual. fundamental needs. Choose the correct answer. Scientific turnover. Structural elements of the main institutions. Values. The institutionalization of the papacy.
"Discipline sociology" - Respondent. Methodology. Theoretical analysis. Theoretical section. empirical level. Working out the problem. Examples of experiments. observation. Experiment. Researcher. Definition of sociology. Questioning. Relationship between theory and methodology. Election integrity. sociological phenomena. Possibilities of modern sociological knowledge.
In total there are 21 presentations in the topic
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INTER-ETNIC RELATIONS AND NATIONAL POLICY. SOCIAL STUDIES LESSON IN 11 CLASS. PROFILE LEVEL. SMIRNOV EVGENIY BORISOVICH - TEACHER OF ILYINSKY SCHOOL. [email protected]
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Let's check ourselves! The student wrote out the most complex concepts and their definitions on separate cards. On the eve of the test in sociology, he could not find cards on which a number of concepts were written. Help him recover the lost records. Write down the concepts, the definitions of which are given below: 1) people's awareness of their belonging to a certain ethnic group, their unity and difference from other similar formations; 2) the ideals of a given ethnic community, which are one of the sources of motivation for its behavior;
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3) the historically established socio-economic and spiritual community of people that arises during the formation of capitalism, the strengthening of economic ties, the formation of an internal market; 4) the way of thinking peculiar to this ethnos, mentality, predisposition to think and feel, act and perceive the world in a certain way;
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5) a person's belonging to a certain ethnic community; 6) a community of people that has historically developed in a certain territory, possessing common, relatively stable features of the language, culture, and psyche; 7. elements of the socio-cultural heritage that have been preserved in a given ethnic community for a long time.
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Let's check ourselves! The student wrote out the most complex concepts and their definitions on separate cards. On the eve of the test in sociology, he could not find cards on which a number of concepts were written. Help him recover the lost records. Name the concepts, the definitions of which are given below: 1) Ethnic self-consciousness 2 Mentality; 3) Nation 4) Mentality; 5) Nationality 6) Nation 7) Tradition
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“When the power of the state and the nation is declared to be of greater value than a person, then, in principle, war has already been declared, everything has already been prepared for it spiritually and materially, and it can arise at any moment” N.A. Berdyaev How right is the philosopher? Doesn't he paint a too pessimistic picture for us?
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Ethnology Ethnology is a science that studies the processes of formation and development of various ethnic groups, their identity, forms of their cultural self-organization, their collective behavior, personal interaction
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INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS - RELATIONS BETWEEN ETHNOIS (PEOPLES) COVERING ALL SPHERES OF LIFE INTEGRATION DIFFERENTIATION
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ALONG WITH THE TREND TO INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION, THE PROCESSES OF DIFFERENTIATION ARE OBSERVED
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THERE ARE DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS. INTER-ETHNIC CONFLICTS ARE NOT GENERATED BY THE EXISTENCE OF ETHNOUS BUT THE POLITICAL, SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN WHICH THEY LIVE AND DEVELOP - EXAMPLE- HISTORICAL GREAT OFFENSES (POLAND, CHECHNYA)
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TERRITORIAL REASONS - STRUGGLE FOR CHANGE OF BORDERS, FOR ACCESSION TO ANOTHER ("RELATED" FROM A CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL POINT OF VIEW) STATE, FOR THE CREATION OF AN INDEPENDENT STATE EXAMPLES - KOSOVO, SOUTH OSSETIA, ABKHAZIA. ECONOMIC REASONS - THE STRUGGLE OF ETHNOUS FOR THE POSSIBILITY OF PROPERTY, MATERIAL RESOURCES - LAND, BODIES. EXAMPLE - SCOTLAND. SOCIAL REASONS - REQUIREMENTS OF CIVIL EQUALITY, EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW, IN EDUCATION, PAYMENT. EXAMPLE - THE STATUS OF THE RUSSIAN SPEAKERS IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE. CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC REASONS - REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIVE LANGUAGE, CULTURAL COMMONITY. EXAMPLE - THE BALTICS.
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THE IDEA OF NATIONAL EXCLUSIVENESS LEADS TO GENOCIDE - EXTERMINATION OF THE SO-CALLED INCOMPLETE PEOPLES: THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE. THE HOLOCAUST WAR IN THE BALKANS IN THE 90'S OF THE 20TH CENTURY,
Nations and international relations.
- Plan:
- ethnic communities.
- national identity.
- Nationalism. International conflicts.
- Ways to overcome interethnic conflicts.
- The concept of national policy in the Russian Federation.
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- National self-consciousness is the awareness by people of one nation, common ideals, cultural norms, traditions.
- national interests -
- 1. The need to preserve its peculiarity, uniqueness in human history.
- 2. Psychologically, do not fence off from other nations and peoples. Enrich your culture.
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- Tolerance - tolerance for other views, customs, mores, traditions, ideological convictions.
- Humanistic approach in solving national issues -
- The idea of peace, harmony, respect for national dignity.
- Consistent development of democracy, legal principles in society.
- Equality of human and citizen rights regardless of race or nationality.
- Prohibition of restriction of citizens on the grounds of racial, social, religious affiliation.
- Preservation of the historical integrity of the Russian Federation.
- Guaranteeing the rights of indigenous peoples.
- The right of every citizen to determine and indicate his nationality without any coercion.
- Assistance in the development of national cultures and languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation.
- Timely resolution of contradictions and conflicts.
- The prohibition of activities aimed at undermining the security of the state, at inciting ethnic hatred.
ETHNOS IS A LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE UNITED: LANGUAGE CULTURE HISTORY UNITY OF TERRITORY INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIP BLOOD RELATIONSHIP COMMON SELF
NATION A nation is a historically formed community of people, which is characterized by the formation of common economic ties, a common historical life, language, territory, certain features of psychology, art and life. Historically the highest form of ethnosocial community of people
Interethnic relations 1. relations between different nationalities within one state; 2. relations between different nation-states. Forms of interethnic relations Peaceful cooperation Ethnic conflict (from lat. conflictus - clash).
Ways of peaceful cooperation: Ethnic mixing (Latin American peoples) Ethnic absorption (assimilation) USA Creation of a multinational state Russian Federation
Question for reflection: What difficulties, problems connected with the national question, exist now in our country?
Russian Federation: population - 143 million people. nationalities – over 160 Census 2010
The main trends in the development of nations Interethnic differentiation - the process of separation Interethnic integration - the process of gradual unification of various ethnic groups 1. Self-isolation in general 2. Protectionism in the economy 3. Nationalism in various forms in politics and culture 4. Religious fanaticism 1. Economic and political unions 2. International and cultural centers 3. Interpenetration of religions, cultures, values 4. Transnational corporations (TNCs) Interethnic conflict GLOBALIZATION
Globalization is a historical process of rapprochement of nations and peoples, between which traditional boundaries are gradually erased, and humanity is turning into a single political system. Name the pros and cons of globalization
Interethnic conflict is one of the forms of relations between national communities, characterized by a state of mutual claims, open opposition of peoples and nations to each other, which tends to increase contradictions up to armed clashes, open wars.
Types of interethnic conflicts: 1. State-legal (dissatisfaction with the legal status of the nation, the desire for their own statehood; conflict with state power structures, which includes the nation). 2. Ethnoterritorial (defining the boundaries of the nation). 3. Ethno-demographic (protection of the rights of indigenous peoples). 4. Socio-psychological (change in lifestyle, violation of human rights).
Modern sociologists offer the following classification of the causes of interethnic conflicts - Socio-economic - inequality in living standards, different representation in prestigious professions, social strata, authorities. - Cultural and linguistic - insufficient, from the point of view of an ethnic minority, the use of its language and culture in public life. - Ethno-demographic - a rapid change in the ratio of the number of peoples in contact due to migration and differences in the level of natural population growth. - Environmental - deterioration of the quality of the environment as a result of its pollution or depletion of natural resources due to the use of representatives of another ethnic group. - Extraterritorial - non-coincidence of state or administrative borders with the boundaries of the settlement of peoples. - Historical - past relationships between peoples (wars, the former ratio of domination-subordination, etc.). - Confessional - due to belonging to different religions and confessions, differences in the level of modern religiosity of the population. - Cultural - from the peculiarities of everyday behavior to the specifics of the political culture of the people.
National Policy The Constitution of the Russian Federation (Articles 19, 26, 29) “Concept of the National Policy of the Russian Federation” affiliation Peaceful resolution of contradictions and conflicts Prohibition of activities aimed at inciting social, racial, national, religious hatred Protection of the rights and interests of citizens of the Russian Federation outside its borders im.
The concepts of NATIONALISM are ideology and politics based on the ideas of national exclusivity and national superiority, the interpretation of the nation as the highest form of society. Chauvinism is the ideology and policy of militant nationalism, which preaches the national and racial exclusivity of one people, hatred and contempt for other peoples and incites national and racial enmity. RACISM is an ideology and politics, which are based on the provisions on the physical and mental inequality of human races and on the decisive influence of racial differences on the history and culture of society, on the primordial division of people into superior and inferior races, of which the former are the only creators of civilization, called to dominate while the latter are incapable of creating and even assimilating a high culture and are doomed to exploitation. GENOCIDE is a policy of extermination of entire groups of the population along ethnic lines.
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Slides captions:
Nations and international relations
Why should we study this topic? Who is the source of power in Russia? How many nationalities live in Russia? What is an "ethnos"? What ethnic conflicts have you heard about? What is tolerance?
Tasks of studying the topic To know what an ethnic group and ethnic communities are. Understand the meaning of the main concepts of the topic (nation, nationalism, Nazism, chauvinism, racism, xenophobia, separatism, mentality, self-consciousness) 3. Know the causes of interethnic conflicts and ways to resolve them.
Correlate the type of society and the ethnic community Ethnic community Type of society (stage approach) Type of society (formational approach) Genus A) industrial D) capitalism 2. Tribe B) pre-industrial E) feudalism 3. Nationality C) post-industrial E) primitive communal 4. Nation
Compare the two concepts of "nation" - a historical community of people characterized by a common origin, language, territory, economic structure, as well as a mental make-up and culture, manifested in ethnic consciousness and self-consciousness. a historically established community of people based on a common territory, economic structure, system of political ties, language, culture and psychological makeup, manifested in the general civil consciousness and self-awareness (a sense of belonging to one's people, to its historical destiny).
Nation Autonomous, not limited by territorial boundaries, political grouping, whose members are committed to common values and institutions Nationality - belonging to a particular nation
National values are something that is especially significant and important for a person and society, which is recognized, with which people generally agree.
The national mentality is usually defined as a way of thinking, a spiritual disposition characteristic of a given particular ethnic community. In other words, the national mentality is a kind of memory of the past, which determines the behavior of people and helps them to remain true to their historically established values and traditions.
Interethnic (interethnic) relations - relations between ethnic groups (peoples), covering all spheres of public life.
Ethnology is a science that studies the processes of formation and development of various ethnic groups, their identity, forms of their cultural self-organization, their collective behavior, interaction between the individual and the social environment.
Trends in the ethnic processes of modern integration - cooperation, unification of various ethno-state communities, convergence of all aspects of the life of peoples; differentiation - the aspirations of peoples for national independence
Ethnic conflict is any competition (rivalry) between groups, from confrontation for the possession of limited resources to social competition between different ethnic groups.
The main causes of conflicts are Territorial - the struggle to change borders, Economic - the struggle of ethnic groups for the possession of property, material resources, among which land and subsoil, in particular, are of great value. Social - the requirements of civil equality, equality before the law, in education, wages, equality in employment, especially for prestigious places in government. Cultural and linguistic - the requirements for the preservation or revival, development of the language, cultural community.
Examples of conflicts The fascist dictator Hitler, having come to power in Germany in 1933, made the extermination of the Jewish population part of the state policy. In November 1947, the UN decided to create in Palestine, a British mandated territory, the Jewish and Arab states - Israel and Palestine. May 1948 - Proclamation of the creation of Israel From that time on, a conflict began that continues to this day. Yugoslavia and Albania England and Ireland
Ways to prevent conflict situations The first is the use of legal mechanisms; The second is negotiations between the conflicting parties, both direct (between delegations of the parties) and through intermediaries. The third is informational. It involves the exchange of information between the parties on possible measures to overcome conflict situations. A public dialogue (in the press, on television) between representatives of all ethnic groups is appropriate, with the aim of jointly developing proposals that meet common interests.
The humanistic approach is the main guideline in the implementation of the moral, political, and legal regulation of interethnic relations. The main features of this approach are: recognition and respect for the diversity of cultures, adherence to the ideas of peace, rejection of violence in relations between peoples; development and continuous functioning of democracy, ensuring the realization of the rights and freedoms of the individual, regardless of nationality; the focus of state bodies, the media, education, sports, all forms of literature and art on the formation among citizens, especially young people, of a culture of interethnic communication.
Terms (write in a notebook) Genocide - the extermination of certain groups of the population on racial, national, religious principles Anti-Semitism - national intolerance towards Jews Racism - the existence of unequal races, divided into higher and lower Apartheid - racial discrimination legally enshrined and supported by the state authorities Nationalism - the idea of exclusivity and the superiority of any nation over another Chauvinism - an extreme aggressive form of nationalism Afrocentrism - the idea of the superiority of black Africans over people with white and yellow skin Xenophobia - an obsessive dislike for "strangers" Discrimination - infringement of rights Separatism is a demand for sovereignty and independence for an ethnic group
Tolerance - respect, trust, willingness to cooperate, compromise with people of any nationality, the desire to understand and accept their cultural values, lifestyle, behavior.
Homework What documents determine the national policy in the Russian Federation and what are its main provisions? In the spring of 2002, a young Russian woman, Tatyana Sapunova, was driving along the busy Kievskoye Highway when she saw a poster on the side of the road calling for the murder of Jews. The woman tried to rip it off, but it was mined. Tatyana survived and was later awarded the Order of Courage. In some media, the installation of the poster was called a fascist sortie. How do you explain why Tatyana did not drive past the poster like the others? Express your assessment of: a) the actions and positions of those who installed the poster; b) those who calmly passed by; c) those who were responsible for order on this section of the road; Give examples of interethnic conflicts