Collection of ideal essays on social studies. The problem of a kind and compassionate attitude to nature according to the text of M. M. Prishvin (“The old hunter Manuilo knew without a watch ...”) (USE in Russian)

Nature is our home, rich, hospitable and generous. Its doors are always wide open for man. Here you can find not only a permanent shelter, but also to relax your soul, “recharge” with vigor and creative inspiration. This house should always remain a reliable home for all inhabitants: people, animals, birds and fish. It should be decorated with dense forests, rivers and lakes with clear clean water.

Writer and publicist M.M. Prishvin, who came with a notebook and a pencil, a gun and a camera, many forest roads and paths, left readers with works that teach you to love nature and take care of it. Touching upon the problem of the relationship between man and nature in this text, the author wants to say that people should be kind, reasonable owners of their huge common home.

In the vast expanses of this house, you can always find places that generations of people treat with special respect and love. In the text of M.M. Prishvin tells about one of these places, which has an unusual name - Red Manes. The high ship thicket quite recently rustled in the wind with dense foliage, fascinated the eye with its magnificent beauty, attracted hunters, served as a haven for animals and birds.

“Farewell, children, with the Red Manes!” - the old hunter Manuilo says sadly to Mitrasha and Nastya, who, already along the road covered with powder, realized that trouble had happened to the ship thicket. “On a large visible space, only wide stumps from huge trees were visible” - such were the Red Manes before the hunters. Capercaillie looked defenseless and homeless, habitually gathered in the spring at their native current to “celebrate” weddings.

We meet a similar sad picture in the story of E.I. Nosov "Doll". “And don’t even unwind your fishing rods! Dont spoil spirit! There were no business, ... there was no more! - bitterly complains the main character of the work - Akimych. In a few years, through the fault of people, the river with rapids and whirlpools, where there was a real expanse for the fishermen, turned into "a river that barely oozed subdued water."

Traces of the indifferent attitude of people to nature can be seen everywhere today. In pursuit of profit, irresponsible "owners" mercilessly cut down forests, not thinking about how many years a tree needs to grow in order to achieve real strength and beauty. Ruthlessly exterminating animals, every year a person replenishes the list of representatives of the fauna listed in the Red Book.

I would like the story told by the writer M.M. Prishvin, the story of Red Manes helped many to think about the fate of our common home - nature. It should always remain beautiful and cozy, give the opportunity to enjoy life to all living in it.

Nature. Why do we treat it so badly? Why do we pollute the air and water, cut down forests, exterminate animals? When will we realize that we ourselves are part of nature? These and other questions arose in me after reading the text of M.M. Prishvin.

The writer in his text raises the problem of the destructive influence of man on nature.

He talks about the old hunter Manuilo, who, returning from Moscow, heard "as if the forest on Krasnye Griva had gone under the ax this winter." They decided to check it out. It turned out that "Red Manes with capercaillie current were cut down this winter." They decided to go and see how the wood grouse are. What they saw amazed them. “In a large visible space there were only wide stumps from huge trees, and on the stumps, on the very stumps, capercaillie sat and sang!” Defenseless and homeless are now capercaillie. Surprised hunters did not shoot. The problem that the author raises made me think deeply about the impact of man on nature.

The position of the author is understandable: man, through his activities, causes irreparable damage to nature. By cutting down forests, a person deprives the habitual habitat of their inhabitants. A person should not mindlessly destroy. Nature must be protected.

I agree with the author's point of view. We are destroying nature, treating it consumeristically, and often barbarically. We pollute the air and water, cut down forests, the lungs of the planet, feed the earth with nitrates... Scientists warn that we are cutting the branch on which we sit. We ourselves are part of nature. Destroying nature, we bring a catastrophe for all mankind. Already today we see that nature is beginning to take revenge. Writers often address this problem, reminding us that nature must be protected. I'll try to prove it.

In the story of V.P. Astafyev's "Tsar-fish", the main character Utrobin has been catching fish all his life, as his father and grandfather used to catch. The whole village is engaged in poaching, illegal fishing. Utrobin does it with passion. He wants to be the first fisherman, to catch the most, to catch valuable and large fish. Indeed, in this he succeeded. For this he is respected by men. And only after meeting with the king-fish, after a duel with her for life, Utrobin realizes that he has been doing the wrong thing all his life. Caught, destroyed, destroyed. Giving nothing back, creating nothing. Why did he have so many fish? He did not know. He suddenly realized that the fish is a part of the same nature, of which man himself is a part. Who gave him the right to destroy her so barbarously?

In the epic novel L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" we see a hunting scene where the landowners hunt an old hardened wolf, driving him with dogs. They have fun, competition, and the wolf - death. What for?

Thus, a person by his activity causes irreparable damage to nature, without thinking about it. We take from nature all the time, but we give very little. What can this lead to? To disaster! Everyone must understand that nature must be treated with care. And you have to start with yourself. Don't destroy nature!

Updated: 2018-01-06

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(1) The old hunter Manuilo, without a watch, knew the time like a rooster. (2) Touching Mitrasha, he whispered to him:
- Get up yourself, but don’t wake the girl, let her sleep.
- (3) This is not such a girl, - Mitrasha answered, - you can’t keep her.

The writing

Have you ever wondered why the theme of the relationship between man and nature remains relevant at all times? Does this mean that the urgency of the problem causes our inactivity and selfishness? Or maybe thoughtless consumption of free resources is not a problem? In the text given to me, M.M. Prishvin.

The author is really concerned about this problem, because we are talking about the world in which he lives, and future generations of people will live in. Watching the heroes of the text together with us, the writer demonstrates the tragedy of the current situation. The old hunter, having learned that the forest on the Red Manes "went under the ax", decided to see it with his own eyes. Unfortunately, the deplorable state of the forest was not empty rumors: Red Manes with capercaillie current were chopped and rolled for rafting to the shores. The author draws the reader's attention to the fact that the inhabitants of this forest now had to sing on bare stumps, like a fire victim on the ruins of his own house. And even now it was not possible to protect themselves from the rain: along with the beauty of the forest, people took away the safety and comfort of its inhabitants, and, therefore, the opportunity in the future to enjoy the singing of capercaillie and the beauties of the place where unusual birds once flew, “like the souls of northern forests".

MM. Prishvin believes that man, through his activities, is capable of causing irreparable damage to nature: by cutting down forests, we deprive his inhabitants of the house, and ourselves the opportunity to enjoy the beauties and sounds of the world around us.

It is impossible not to agree with the opinion of the author. Indeed, the consumer attitude of a person to the world around him, deforestation and poaching, environmental pollution and the construction of deliberately destructive plants and factories - all this destroys our nature. At the same time, we doom ourselves and our children to a future without incredible beauty and clean air, without unity with the world around us, which is necessary for a person. But it is worth noting that this element also has its own character and leaves revenge behind itself.

So, for example, in the story of V.P. Astafiev "Tsar-fish", the main character and, probably, the most important poacher, Utrobin, is engaged in mass, reckless catching of fish. He destroys and destroys nature until it gives the hero the opportunity to feel his vulnerability. At one point, a very large "Tsar-fish" drags Utrobin to the bottom, leaving him a few seconds to say goodbye to life. At that moment, the unfortunate poacher realized all his sins and all his mistakes, while, of course, realizing the full power of nature. The mass exodus was over. Having miraculously survived, Utrobin, moreover, revised his views on his own life.

The problem of the destructive influence of human activity on nature was also raised by B. Vasiliev in the novel “Do not shoot white swans”. The author draws our attention to the fact that after the rest, tourists and poachers leave the lake in a terrible, lifeless state. The writer sincerely does not understand people who burn anthills and exterminate swans. Logically, a person, enjoying the beauties given to him, should, on the contrary, do so that as many people as possible see it. But most people, unfortunately, do not follow the laws of reason, although there are those who are ready to protect and protect nature. Such is the hero of the novel, Polushkin, he seeks to preserve the world around him and teaches his son this. And as long as there are such people in the world, probably not all is lost.

Thus, we can conclude that our future depends on each of us. If we all love and respect nature, take care of ourselves and our loved ones and enjoy the beauty of the world around us without harm to it, then in this case humanity still has a chance to be saved. After all, a person is completely dependent on nature, and you need to be a very stupid creature to cut the branch on which you sit.

(1) The old hunter Manuilo knew the time like a rooster without a watch. (2) Touching Mitrasha, he whispered to him:

Get up yourself, but don’t wake the girl, let her sleep.

- (3) This is not such a girl, - Mitrasha answered, - you can’t keep her. (4) Nastya, climb the capercaillie!

- (5) Let's go! - answered Nastya, getting up.

(6) And all three left the hut.

(7) The swamp smells good of the first spring water, but the last snow smells no worse on it. (8) There is a great power of joy in the aroma of such snow, and this joy in the dark carried the children to unknown lands, where extraordinary birds flock, like the souls of the northern forests.

(9) But Manuila had her own special concern on this night hike. (10) Having recently returned from Moscow, he heard from someone that the forest on Red Manes had gone under the ax this winter.

(11) Having felt his way with his feet in different directions, Manuilo soon realized that under his foot there was an ice rink covered with powder - an icy road, arranged in winter to transport round timber to the river bank.

- (12) Our business is bad! - he said.

(13) Mitrasha asked why things were bad. (14) Manuilo pointed out to Mitrasha an ice cube and, after a pause, said sadly:

- (15) Goodbye, children, with Red Manes!

(16) Mitrasha realized that the Red Manes with capercaillie current were cut down and rounded for rafting to the shores this winter.

- (17) Back? - he asked.

- (18) Why back? - answered Manuilo, - the current is not far from here, let's go and see what the wood grouse are thinking about now.

(19) We walked in the dark. (20) And suddenly the capercaillie clearly began to play to the ear of the hunter.

- (21) Singing! Manuilo said.

(22) The capercaillie sings and does not hear how the hunters run up to him. (23) He will stop, and the hunters freeze at the same moment.

(24) It was still completely dark and indistinguishable when people suddenly stopped, as if amazed ... (25) The hunters froze not because the capercaillie stopped singing and had to wait until he sang again and went deaf for a short time, for some then five, six leaps of man forward.

(26) The hunters froze from an unprecedented thing with them: not one capercaillie sang, but many, and it was impossible to understand in this multitude of sounds which capercaillie sang his song and now perfectly hears the steps of the hunters, and, alarmed, only occasionally “tacks”, but which now only starts his song and he stalls for a while. (27) It turned out that there was no forest around at all, only undergrowth remained after cutting down - various bushes and frail trees. (28) In the same place where the Red Manes used to be, in a large visible space there were only wide stumps from huge trees, and on the stumps, on the very stumps, capercaillie sat and sang!

(29) Some birds were close, but what kind of hunter would raise his hand to such a capercaillie! (30) Each hunter understood the bird well now, imagining that his own house, which he lived in and dear to him, burned down, and when he arrived at the wedding, he sees only charred logs. (31) And for capercaillie it comes out in its own way, but it is also very, very similar to the human: on the stump of the same tree where he used to sing, hidden high in dense foliage, now he sits defenseless on this stump and sings. (32) The surprised hunters did not dare to shoot at the now homeless capercaillie singing on the stumps.

(33) The hunters did not have to think for a long time: spring rain poured down, leaving people on the windows with those well-known spring tears of joy, they are gray, but we are all so beautiful! (34) The capercaillie immediately all fell silent: which ones jumped from the stumps and ran wet somewhere, which ones became on the wing and scattered all to no one knows where.

(According to M. M. Prishvin *)

* Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin (1873-1954) - Russian Soviet writer, publicist.

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M. Prishvin raises the problem of caring for nature.

Reflecting on it, the writer tells about the night campaign of Manuyla, Mitrasha and Nastya. Reading the text, we understand that the children were happy with the planned hunt for capercaillie, but Manuila, as the writer emphasizes, had "his own special concern." The old hunter "heard from someone that the forest on Red Manes went under the ax this winter." Prishvin draws the reader's attention to the fact that Manuilo was upset by this news. "Our business is bad!" - said the hunter. In addition, the author, leading the reader to an understanding of the problem, gives a description of the cut down forest: “In the same place where the Red Manes used to be, in a large visible space there were only wide stumps from huge trees ...”

And so they waited, one with their ears, the other with their eyes.

It happens, and it is most likely that the elk was crossing the floodplain, and thin ice floes rang under his feet, scattering to the sides. Then, when the moose, having overcome the floodplain, moved into the forest and calmed down there, Pavel said:

Come on, I can't hear anything else.

Here again the blind man firmly grasped the belt of the deaf man. And so they went.

Maybe in the whole north there is no better hunter than Manuila, but this time the weather deceived him like a little one: he believed the same thing: the frost would hold out, and it would be possible to go through the frost into the forest and return to his hut on Vygora.

How could such an experienced hunter think that the water is on the nose, and the whole power of the forest can break off at some hour and by morning the whole floodplain becomes the sea!

Understanding this, you need to understand that such a daredevil goes according to the law until the last hour and believes in the law, and if some accidental lawlessness comes out not from himself, so why be afraid of chance: we all saw, Russian people, where ours is not gone!

Manuilo without a watch knew the clock like a rooster. Touching Mitrasha, he whispered to him:

Get up yourself, but don't wake the girl, let her sleep.

This is not such a girl, - Mitrasha answered, - you can’t keep her, Nastya, climb the capercaillie!

Let's go! - answered Nastya, getting up.

And all three left the hut.

The swamp smells good of the first spring water, but the last snow smells no worse on it. There is a great power of joy in the aroma of such snow, and this joy in the dark carried the children to unknown lands, where unusual birds flock, like the souls of the northern forests.

But Manuila had a special concern of her own on this night's march. Having recently returned from Moscow, on the way he heard from someone that Krasnye Grivy had gone under the ax this winter. Who said it, where was it said? Now Manuilo remembered and could not remember, and already began to think whether he had been deceived, whether it had seemed to him in a dream.

So the children walked in the dark, trusting their feet, obeying their feet, as you obey your eyes during the day. And they began to feel the earth in a different way: there was still deep snow, now bound by crust. They walked over the crust, as if on a tablecloth, and even better: the crust did not fall through, but seemed to spring a little, and therefore it turned out to go more cheerfully.

Remembering on such a road about chopping the capercaillie current Krasnyye Grivy, Manuilo said resolutely:

We've got it!

He only said this - his leg informed him about something completely different than the springy crust.

Feeling his way with his feet in different directions, Manuilo soon realized that under his foot was an ice pit covered with powder: an icy road, arranged in winter to transport round timber to the river bank.

Our business is bad! - he said.

Mitrasha asked why things were bad.

Manuilo showed Mitrasha an ice cube.

After a pause, he said sadly:

Say goodbye, children, to the Red Manes!

Mitrasha realized that the Red Manes with capercaillie current had been cut down this winter and rolled for rafting to the shores.

Back? - he asked.

Why back? - answered Manuilo, - the current is not far from here, let's go and see what the wood grouse are thinking about now.

Strong walked sideways to the current and did not come out onto the ice. He knew such a direct path to the current that every year he went straight to the song, and now he kept walking, groping, and, finally, it seemed as if he had imagined something, he stopped.

It was very dark in the forest.

And he knew it was darkest just before dawn.

There was not a single tall tree around, there were bushes and undergrowth all around, and there was no forest at all.

But you never know what you can see in the forest at night. Understanding by instinct now the darkest time, Silych began to listen and wait ...

So the brothers, too, in the dark, guessing the place of the current, hid.

At this very time, the hour was creeping up on people when the friendly spring begins and, as it were, rushes with all its water to the cause of man.

At this very time, that hour, passionately awaited by the hunters, that winged hour in nature, when the sleeping beauty wakes up and says: “Oh, how long I slept!”

It started somewhere on some tree, on some very thin branch, bare in winter. Two drops accumulated there from dampness - one higher, the other lower.

Increasing dampness on itself, one drop became heavy and rolled towards the other.

So, one drop overtook another on a branch, and, united, having become heavy, two drops fell.

With this, the spring of water began.

As it fell, the heavy drop thumped softly against something, and this made a special sound in the forest, similar to: “Tek!”

And it was just the same sound when a capercaillie, starting its song, in its own way “tacks” in exactly the same way.

No hunter, as far as it was, could have heard that sound of the first drop of spring.

But the blind Pavel distinctly heard and took it for the first click of a capercaillie in the dark.

He tugged on Peter's belt.

And Peter, now in the dark, was just as blind as Paul was.

I can not see anything! he whispered.

Sings! Pavel answered, pointing with his fingers to the place where the sound came from.

Peter, increasing in vision, even opened his mouth a little.

I don't see it, he repeated.

In response to this, Pavel stepped forward, stretched out his hand to Peter, and quietly moved forward. It would be really impossible to move when you hear this capercaillie dripping, but Pavel was so used to believing his hearing that he always allowed himself to move a little if he heard.

So the brothers moved.

No, - Peter whispered, - I don't see.

No, - Pavel answered, - this is not a capercaillie, these are drops from the twigs, do you see that?

And showed again.

Now the hunter's soul was given over to the expectation of capercaillie singing, and he was completely unaware that it was water coming, that now there would be no way out of the forest for them. Only one thing occupied him now: in the midst of the dripping of drops, to hear and understand the capercaillie.

Suddenly, some unknown bird, waking up, does not say directly that it sang, but as it happens with a person: it wants to stretch, but it seems like it will say something. And a friend will ask him:

What do you say?

No, - the awakened one answers, - I'm like that ...

Probably, this unknown bird also uttered something while awake and fell silent.

But it was still not easy. At that very moment the sky became, as the hunters say, lulling.

And then the capercaillie began to play distinctly to Pavel's ear.

Sings! Pavel said.

And the brothers, as everyone does, began to gallop: the capercaillie sings and does not hear how the hunters run up to him on jumps. He will stop, and the hunters freeze at the same moment.

The brothers jumped to the song of the capercaillie, not quite like we all jump alone. Thanks to the slightly lightening sky, something was still visible, and therefore it was impossible to hit the forehead against the tree. We can also jump over a visible bright puddle, but we will still fall into an invisible puddle with full sight and hearing. The same thing, if you got deep into the swamp dough, and the capercaillie stopped singing at that moment, it doesn’t matter here, a blind, deaf or healthy person with all his happiness, once you hit it, then stand in the mud waiting for the capercaillie again will play.

The brothers jump side by side, holding hands, until the sighted person saw the singer himself with his eyes. It has always been so that Paul will hear before everyone else, and Peter will see before. And this little "earliest of all" decided all the success of two people united in one person: they always killed more capercaillie than individual hunters.

It was still completely dark and indistinguishable, when the brothers suddenly stopped galloping and stopped as if amazed ...

The same thing happened with Manuila, and Silych also started and suddenly stopped.

All the hunters froze not because the capercaillie stopped singing, and they had to wait until he sang again and went deaf for a short time, for some five or six leaps of a man forward.

The hunters froze from something unprecedented with them: not one capercaillie sang, but many, and it was impossible to understand in this multitude of sounds which capercaillie sang his song and now perfectly hears the steps of the hunters, and alarmed only occasionally “tap”, and which now only his song starts and he stalls at everything.