Урок английского языка на тему "экология и проблемы окружающей среды". Урок английского языка на тему "экология и проблемы окружающей среды" Тест на тему экология по английскому языку

13.04.2024

Министерство общего и профессионального образования Свердловской области
Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
среднего профессионального образования Свердловской области
«Горнозаводской политехникум»

СОГЛАСОВАНО
Методический совет
ГБОУ СПО СО
«Горнозаводской политехникум»
_____________________
«___» ___________ 2012 г.

Фонд оценочных средств
для проведения промежуточной аттестации
по учебной дисциплине
ОДБ.03. «Английский язык»

Разработчик:
И.Д.Брылина
преподаватель 1 категории

Нижний Тагил
2012

Пояснительная записка

Нормативными основаниями для организации и проведения промежуточной аттестации по английскому языку являются:

Государственный образовательный стандарт по английскому языку
Учебный план ОУ
Положение о текущем контроле знаний и промежуточной аттестации по учебным дисциплинам, междисциплинарным курсам, профессиональным модулям и переводе на следующий курс обучающихся по основным профессиональным образовательным программам начального и среднего профессионального образования на основе федеральных государственных образовательных стандартов в ГБОУ СПО СО «Горнозаводской политехникум»
- Рабочая программа по учебной дисциплине «Английский язык»
Цель аттестации:
Определение уровня сформированности компетенций у обучающихся по учебной дисциплине «Английский язык» на основании критериев, заданных федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом начального профессионального образования и государственным образовательным стандартом по английскому языку.
Задачи:
оценка состояния и уровня сформированности предметных и общих компетенций обучающихся по учебной дисциплине
отслеживание динамики развития качества образования по английскому языку
анализ факторов, влияющих на качество образования
формирование механизма коррекции и составление рекомендаций по развитию качества образования по учебной дисциплине.

Раздел учебной дисциплины:
Мир вокруг нас

Темы:
Страноведение.
1. Англо-говорящие страны
Наша страна Россия.
Города мира
Предмет промежуточной аттестации:
В результате контроля и оценки по учебной дисциплине осуществляется комплексная проверка следующих предметных и общих компетенций:
Умения:
говорение
– вести диалог в ситуациях неофициального общения в бытовой, социокультурной и учебно-трудовой сферах, используя аргументацию, эмоционально-оценочные средства;
– рассказывать, рассуждать в связи с изученной тематикой, проблематикой прочитанных текстов; описывать события, излагать факты, делать сообщения;
чтение

письменная речь

Знания:

Понимание:

Общие компетенции:

Формой промежуточной аттестации по учебной дисциплине является дифференцированный зачет в виде теста.
Инструментарий контроля:
фонд оценочных средств: оценочные материалы, инструкция для обучающихся по выполнению теста, инструкция для оценщика, рейтинговый лист
Формы оценки:
оценка правильности выполнения тестового задания.

Методы оценки:
сопоставление с эталоном, экспертная оценка по критериям

Требования к деятельности обучающегося по предметным и общим компетенциям

Уровни деятельности
Основные качественные показатели
№
задания
Кол-во
баллов
Проявление общих компетенций

Эмоционально-психологический
Знает страноведческий материал
1,2
1+1
ОК 1

Знает значение лексических единиц, связанных с соответствующей тематикой
4
5

Регулятивный
Интерпретирует лексический материал
6
4
ОК 2

Понимает грамматические правила (порядок слов в предложении)

Социальный
Использует лексический материал в новых ситуациях
10
10
ОК 4
ОК 5
ОК 6

Правильно использует различные источники информации (словари, грамматические справочники)

Применяет знания, осуществляя выбор необходимых позиций из предложенного списка
8
8

Аналитический
Анализирует и классифицирует информацию
5
6
ОК 3

Распознает понятия и их составляющие, соотносит видовые понятия и исключает лишнее
3
4

Устанавливает соответствие приведенных утверждений прочитанному тексту
9
6

Творческий
Формулирует на основе приобретенных знаний собственные суждения и аргументы (составляет сообщение по указанной теме)
11
5

Осуществляет комплексный поиск и интерпретацию информации по определенной теме
12
14

Самосовершен
ствования
Применяет полученные знания в новых условиях (правильно заполняет анкету)
анкета
10
ОК 3

Проявляет высокий уровень самостоятельности
Наблюдение
1

Адекватно оценивает свою работу
самооценка
1

Критерии оценки:

не выполнил – 0 баллов
выполнил– 1 балл

задание 11 – от 0 до 5 баллов

Учитываться будут также:

Качество ответа:
«5» - 73 – 85 баллов
«4» - 58 - 72
«3» - 43 - 57
«2» - 42 и менее баллов.

Тест

The world’s larges island and its smallest continent is
Africa
Australia
British Isles
Europe
(1 point)

Найдите правильный ответ и запишите его номер в бланк ответов
The fourth largest country in the world is
Russia
The USA
Canada
Great Britain
(1 point)
3. Прочитайте слова, найдите «лишнее» слово в каждой строчке
1. forest, wood, river, tree
2. sea, coast, beach, field
3. valley, mountain, park, prairie
4. ocean, sea, river, mountain
(4 points)
4. Составьте словосочетания из указанных слов, запишите в бланк ответов цифры парами.
1. deep 1. zone
2. climatic 2. island
3. vast 3. lake
4. independent 4. resources
5. natural 5. country

(5 points)
Распределите перечисленное ниже следующим образом: три первые позиции должны представлять тему “London”, три последующие – “Moscow”.

Red Square
Trafalgar Square
Big Ben
the Pushkin Museum
Tower Bridge
Spasskaya Tower

(6 points)
Установите соответствие между географическими названиями и их описаниями, запишите в бланк ответов цифры парами

Mississippi
Pacific Ocean
Volga
Sydney
the biggest lake in England
river in the USA
the largest ocean in the world
the longest river in Europe
city in Australia
the highest mountain in the North America

(4 points)
7. Используя таблицу, составьте и запишите предложения
Great Britain
Russia
occupies
consists of
borders on
is washed by
is covered with
has
is surrounded
many forests
mild climate
seas and oceans
a vast territory
four main parts
different countries
four climatic zones

8. Установите соответствие между названиями стран и их характерными чертами, запишите в бланк ответов цифры.
1. United Kingdom
2. United States of America
3. Australia
4. Russia
1. Much of the country is a useless desert.
2. It’s
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·Прочитайте текст (см. Приложение 1)
Определите правильные утверждения (+) и неправильные (-):
1. We know more about global warming than we don’t.
2. Because the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has risen, temperatures have increased.
3.
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The United Kingdom consists of 3 parts: Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It is situated on the British Isles which lie off the south-west coast of Europe. Great Brita
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· Ответьте на вопросы и запишите 5 предложений по одной из указанных тем:
“Great Britain”
“The United states of America”
“Canada”
“Australia”
“New Zealand”
“Russia”
1. Where is it situated?
2. What mountains (rivers, lakes) are there?
3. What is the capital of this country?
4. What are the main cities?
5. What language do the people speak there?
(5 points)

12* Разгадайте кроссворд (см. Приложение 2)
(14 points)

Желаем успеха!

Инструкция для обучающихся по выполнению зачетной работы

Уважаемые обучающиеся!
Вам предлагается выполнить зачетную работу в виде теста по разделу «Мир вокруг нас» Внимательно прочитайте каждое задание и предлагаемые варианты ответа, если они имеются. Отвечайте только после того, как вы поняли вопрос и проанализировали все варианты ответа.
Выполняйте задания в том порядке, в котором они даны. Для экономии времени пропускайте задание, которое не удается выполнить сразу, и переходите к следующему. К пропущенному заданию вы сможете вернуться после выполнения всей работы, если останется время.
Свои ответы записывайте в бланк ответов.

В процессе проверки вашей работы будут оцениваться:
Умения:
говорение

чтение
– читать аутентичные тексты разных стилей (публицистические, художественные, научно-популярные и технические), используя основные виды чтения (ознакомительное, изучающее, просмотровое/поисковое) в зависимости от коммуникативной задачи;
письменная речь
– описывать явления, события, излагать факты
–оформлять отчет о проделанной работе

Знания:
– значения новых лексических единиц, связанных с тематикой данного этапа и с соответствующими ситуациями общения;
– языковой материал: идиоматические выражения, оценочную лексику, единицы речевого этикета, перечисленные в разделе «Языковой материал» и обслуживающие ситуации общения в рамках изучаемых тем;
– новые значения изученных глагольных форм

Понимание:
– лингвострановедческой, социокультурной информации, расширенную за счет новой тематики и проблематики речевого общения;
– текстов, построенных на языковом материале повседневного общения.

Общие компетенции:
ОК 1. Понимать сущность и социальную значимость своей будущей профессии, проявлять к ней устойчивый интерес.
ОК 2. Организовывать собственную деятельность, исходя из цели и способов ее достижения, определенных руководителем.
ОК 3. Анализировать рабочую ситуацию, осуществлять текущий и итоговый контроль, оценку и коррекцию собственной деятельности, нести ответственность за результаты своей работы.
ОК 4. Осуществлять поиск информации, необходимой для эффективного выполнения профессиональных задач.
ОК 5. Использовать информационно-коммуникационные технологии в профессиональной деятельности.
ОК 6. Работать в команде, эффективно общаться с коллегами, руководством, клиентами.

Критерии оценки:
Правильный ответ в заданиях 1,2 оценивается следующим образом:
не выполнил – 0 баллов
выполнил– 1 балл
задания 3 - 6, 9 оцениваются от 0 до 6 баллов
задания 7, 8 – от 0 до 8 баллов;
задание 10 – от 0 до 10 баллов
задание 11 – от 0 до 5 баллов
задание 12 – от 0 до 14 баллов

Учитываться будут также:
- правильность заполнения анкеты (10 баллов)
- умение пользоваться различными источниками информации (словари, справочники) (1 балл)
- уровень самостоятельности выполнения работы (1 балл)
- адекватность самооценки (1 балл)
Максимальное количество баллов – 85 (дополнительные баллы – 3)
Качество ответа:
«5» - 73 – 85 баллов
«4» - 58 - 72
«3» - 43 - 57
«2» - 42 и менее баллов.

Желаем удачи!

Бланк ответов
Please complete clearly!
Family name ________________________________________________________
Forenames __________________________________________________________
Date of birth (day, month, year) ________________________________________
Country ____________________________________________________________
Native town _________________________________________________________
Place of studying _____________________________________________________
Future profession ____________________________________________________
Date _______________________________________________________________

№ вопроса
Ответ

3
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 -

4
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 –
5 -

6
1 –
2 –
3 –
4 -

8
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -

9
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 –
6 -

11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Ключ к тесту

№ вопроса
Ответ

3
1 – river
2 – field
3 – mountain
4 - mountain

4
1 – 3
2 – 1
3 – 2
4 – 5
5 - 4

5
2 3 5 1 4 6

6
1 – 2
2 – 3
3 – 4
5 - 5

7
1. Great Britain consists of four main parts.
2. Great Britain has mild climate.
3. Great Britain borders on different countries.
4. Russia occupies a vast territory.
5. Russia is surrounded by different countries.
6. Russia is washed by seas and oceans.
7. Russia is covered with many forests.
8. Russia has four climatic zones.

8
1 – 6, 8
2 – 2
3 – 1, 3, 5
4 – 4,7

9
1 -
2 +
3 –
4 +
5 –
6 +

10
3 parts – 4 parts
South-west – north-west
Indian Ocean- Atlantic Ocean
Russia – France
In the world – in England

11
5 sentences

12*
Across: Mediterranean
Down:
Mississippi
Edinburgh
Denmark
Indian
Thames
Europe
Rome
Russia
Africa
Nevada
England
Australia
Nederland

Инструкция для оценщика (преподавателя)

Вам предлагается проверить зачетную работу обучающихся по разделу « Мир вокруг нас»
В процессе проверки работы необходимо оценить:
Умения:
говорение
– рассуждать в связи с изученной тематикой, проблематикой прочитанных текстов; описывать события, излагать факты, делать сообщения;
чтение
– читать аутентичные тексты разных стилей (публицистические, художественные, научно-популярные и технические), используя основные виды чтения (ознакомительное, изучающее, просмотровое/поисковое) в зависимости от коммуникативной задачи;
письменная речь
– описывать явления, события, излагать факты
–оформлять отчет о проделанной работе

Пользуясь ключом к тесту и требованиями к деятельности обучающегося по предметным и общим компетенциям, необходимо проверить правильность выполненной зачетной работы и заполнить рейтинговый лист
Критерии оценки:
Правильный ответ в заданиях 1,2 оценивается следующим образом:
не выполнил – 0 баллов
выполнил– 1 балл
задания 3 - 6, 9 оцениваются от 0 до 6 баллов
задания 7, 8 – от 0 до 8 баллов;
задание 10 – от 0 до 10 баллов
задание 11 – от 0 до 5 баллов
задание 12 – от 0 до 14 баллов

Максимальное количество баллов – 85 (дополнительные баллы – 3)
Качество ответа:
«5» - 73 – 85 баллов
«4» - 58 - 72
«3» - 43 - 57
«2» - 42 и менее баллов.

Результаты дифференцированного зачета
Группа: _____________ Предмет ______________________ Педагог ___________________________ Дата _____________
Цель: установление уровня сформированности компетенций у обучающихся в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС НПО.

Фамилия, имя
Эмоционально
– психологические
Регулятивные
компетенции
Социальные
компетенции
Учебные
компетенции
Творческие
компетенции
Компетенции
самосовершенств.
Б
О

1
2
4
6
7
---
10
ИИ
8
5
3
9
11
12
---
А
C
О

Итого: чел., %

Аналитическая записка по результатам дифференцированного зачета
в ______группе по _________________________________________
за 2011 – 2012 учебный год.
Цель: установление уровня реализации Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта у обучающихся.
Контрольная работа состояла из следующих заданий:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
По результатам контрольной работы получены следующие результаты:
1.Реализация Федерального государственного стандарта в части сформированности общих компетенций:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Реализация Федерального государственного стандарта в части сформированности предметных компетенций:
Учащиеся показали владение _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Обучающиеся показали следующий уровень сформированности компетенций (%):
Эмоционально – психологических ______________________________
Регулятивных ______________________________
Социальных ______________________________
Учебно - познавательных ______________________________
Творческих ______________________________
Компетенций самосовершенствования ______________________________

Выводы по результатам контрольной (практической) работы:
Учащиеся показали владение Федеральным государственным стандартом образования по __________________________________________ на _______________________ уровне.
(недопустимом, допустимом, оптимальном)
Удалось достичь высокого уровня сформированности _____________________________________________________________________________.
При дальнейшей работе следует обратить внимание на формирование _____________________________________________________________________________.

Дата: Педагог: ______________________Список литературы:

Нормативно-правовые документы

Закон Российской Федерации «Об образовании»
Государственный образовательный стандарт общего полного образования по иностранному языку
Федеральный государственный образовательный стандарт начального профессионального образования
Примерная программа по английскому языку

Литература

Методические материалы для педагогов при подготовке к Единому государственному экзамену. Екатеринбург. 2008.
Темняткина О.В. Методика разработки Фондов оценочных средств Основной профессиональной образовательной программы на основе ФГОС. Екатеринбург. 2011.
Методика проектирования основных профессиональных образовательных программ ОУ НПО и СПО на основе ФГОС нового поколения. Екатеринбург. 2011.
4. Темняткина О.В. Оценка результатов образования обучающихся
ОУ НПО и СПО на основе компетентностного подхода. Екатеринбург. 2009.
Учебно-тренировочные материалы для подготовки к Единому государственному экзамену. Москва. 2009.
Выборова Г.Е. Проверь себя! Тесты по английскому языку. М.1996.

We live on the earth. It is very, very big. There is a lot of water on the earth. It is in rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. There are a lot of forests and fields, hills and mountains on it. The earth is full of wonders. Different animals live on the earth. Different plants grow on it. The earth is beautiful. There are large countries and small countries. There are warm countries and cold countries. There are some countries where there are four seasons in a year and some countries where there are only two. When the sun shines it is day. When the sun does not shine it is night. When it is day in one country it is night in another. You can see the moon and the stars in the sky at night. People live in different countries. They speak different languages.

People have lived on our planet for many years. They lived and live on different continents, in different countries. People depend on their planet, on the sun, on animals and plants around them. People must take care of Earth. Our ecology becomes worse and worse with every new day. Many species of animals and birds are disappearing nowadays. People destruct wildlife, cut down trees to make furniture. They forget that people can"t live without trees and plants, because they fill air with oxygen. And, of course, great problems are population and animals destruction. The main reason of pollution is rubbish. Most of our rubbish goes to big holes in the ground, called "dumps". But dumps are very dangerous for our life "cause they are full of rats, which can carry infections away from dumps. Another way to get rid of rubbish is to burn it. But the fires make poisons, which go into the air and pollute it. But pollution isn"t the only actual problem. Every day a big number of animals disappears . People kill animals for different aims: e.g. people hunt whales for their meat and oil; elephants for their tusks, crocodiles for their leather and so on. And also animals are used for medical experiments. The most wide – speared from such animals are monkeys. Modern life is bad for animals, birds, fish. The air isn"t fresh and the water isn"t pure. They don"t have good meal and facilities for the life. You can find their names in the Red Book.

The planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, but it"s the only place where human beings can live. Today, our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, overpopulation are the problems that threaten human life on Earth.

Who is to blame for the disaster? The answer is simple: all of us. Our forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt. If this trend continues, one day we won"t have enough oxygen to breathe.

The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilisers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today may soon become extinct.

Air pollution is another serious problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is dangerous - equivalent to smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. The same holds true for many Russian cities. Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains. An even greater threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are.

Fortunately, it"s not too late to solve these problems. We have the time, the money and even the technology to make our planet a better, cleaner and safer place. We can plant trees and create parks for endangered species. We can recycle litter. We can support green parties and put pressure on those in power. Together we can save the planet and all of us with it.

Of course, people can"t stay indifferent to these problems. There are a lot of special organizations, which try to save our nature. The most known are: The Royal Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (The RSPCA), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Greenpeace. The RSPCA tries to protect animals from bad use. It operates big nation campaigns aimed at lost pets, circus animals. The WWF rescued several species of animals, mammals as well as birds. These organization also helped to create more than 250 National parks. Greenpeace began its work 20 years ago from saving whales. And now Greenpeace is a world-famous organization, which saves plants, animals and people. These organization, want to rescue animals, to help them to survive and to save jungle rain forests, which are in danger of destruction. And they also help animals "cause many of them have already gone as they have nowhere to live. Their homes, the trees, have disappeared. We must save wild animals. And we must find the right way to save land, people and animals. We must lake care of nature, because we are part of it.

I would advise everyone to think about this problem. Together we can find a solution!

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The state of environment should worry everybody. Our future depends only on us. The rule of 3Rs

The question about the state of environment should worry everybody. Our health depends on its state. Environment is water that we drink, the air which we breathe. Caring about the world we care about ourselves.

People buy a lot of unnecessary things. Only buy what you really need and use all of it. Thinking about buying something new? Try the 30-day rule – only buy it if you still want it 30 days after you first saw it!

Always switch off the lights when you leave an empty room. Use light bulbs that save energy. We need to protect the natural materials.

Save on paper. Try to cut down on the amount off paper you use. Use a computer and proofread your writing on the screen before your print it out. Use both sides of paper and then recycle it

Our world has lots of litter. Buy things with simple packaging that can easily be recycled.

Let’s plant trees. Our future depends only on us. Let’s make it happy and bright.

TESTS (ТЕСТОВЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ) Theme “Ecology” 10 th form ПО ТЕМЕ «ЭКОЛОГИЯ» 10 КЛАСС

1.Match the words to make up phrases. Put the letters in the correct order. 1 . writing a) lunch 2 . vegetable b) consumption 3 . compost c) paper 4 . packed d) heap 5 . energy e) peelings 6 . excessive f) packaging

2.Match the words to make up phrases. Put the letters in the correct order. There is one extra letter. 1 . global a) programmes 2 . modern b) warming 3 . power c) stations 4 . conservation d) lifestyles 5 . natural e) crops f) habitat

3.Guess the words and unscramble them. Don’t 1)TASEW fruit and vegetable material. Make a 2)POSTMOC PEHA in your garden. Then you will have good 3)TILIREFRES for your plants.

4.Guess the words and write them correctly. I always switch off the 1)….(l - - h - s) when I leave an empty room. Besides, I use only light bulbs that save 2)….(- - e - g -). Finally, I turn down the 3)…..(- e - t - - g) when it is warm in the room.

5.Guess the words and fill in the gaps. -How can we use the rule of 3Rs to protect the environment? -First, we should 1)…. glass, paper and plastic. More than that, it is essential that we 2)… old boxes , jars and bottles. Next, we should do our best to 3)… energy and paper consumption, rubbish, the amount of water we use.

6.Complete the sentences using the best answer. We care about the environment so we have come 1) …. with some practical ways of protecting it: -Always switch 2)… the lights and the electrical appliances when you don’t need them. -Turn 3)… the heating and put 4)… warmer clothes if you cold. -Think carefully how you can reuse old things before you throw them 5)… . -Try to cut 6) … packaging and paper. 1. A on B up C to 2. A off B on C at 3. A on B up C down 4. A up B out C on 5. A away B into C about 6. A on B down C down on

7. С hoose the right answer -They say you have an environmental awareness day at school today. What does it mean? -It’s a special day when we learn what we 1) don’t have to/should do to protect the environment. You know, how we 2) can/mustn’t help to save the planet. -That sounds interesting. What do you do? -Well, for a start, everybody 3) should/can’t walk or cycle to school to save energy. And we 4) mustn’t/must make sure we don’t waste energy. -I see. Besides, we 5) ought/should recycle paper, glass and plastic. -You are right. I think you 6) had better/have to have an environmental awareness day at your school, too.

8. Make up tips from the following words 1.cut/consumption/try/down/on/energy/to/should/you 2.both/paper/you/before/sides/must/use/of/you/it/recycle 3.can/magazines/swap/books/and/you/your/friends/with 4.mustn’t/throw/old/away/you/bottles/jars/and

9.Correct the mistakes in the statements. 1. People can’t ignore the affects of global warming. 2. We will loose many species if rainforests continue to disappear. 3. The whether is becoming more and more unpredictable. 4. Large areas of land are in danger of becoming desserts.

10.Fill in the gaps choosing the best answer. -I think we can’t live without cutting down trees because it 1)… us with wood and paper and space for new roads and buildings. -Yes, you are right but it 2)… wildlife habitats and 3)… the amount of pollutants and CO2 emissions in the air. So cutting down trees 4)… global warming and climate change. -May be you right but what do you think of modern transport? It 5)… our towns and cities and 6)… the environment. -Yes, it’s a problem but modern transport 7)… us time and effort. 1. A increases B provides C improves 2. A destroys B builds C plants 3. A decreases B increases C pollutes 4. A cuts down B congests C causes 5. A congests B destroys C provides 6. A saves B pollutes C provides 7. A causes B improves C saves

Thank you for your attention ! Secondary School No17 English teacher Pechckurova Helen

Назад Вперёд

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Класс: 10

Технологии: ИКТ – компьютерные (с использованием интернет-ресурсов), групповые, здоровьесберегающие, технология коммуникативного обучения.

Цель: формирование коммуникативной компетенции.

Тип урока: совершенствование и комплексное применение умений и навыков.

Задача: расширить страноведческие навыки, развить умения аудирования, чтения, монологической и диалогической речи, формировать кросскультурную компетенцию.

Воспитательная задача: сформировать мировоззрение и межпредметные связи.

Вид урока: урок-конференция.

I. What do we know about Ecology?

ll. Современные технологии при обучении чтению и аудированию. Лингофонный кабинет.

lll. What have we known about environmental problems?

Этап 1. Организационный

Делим учащихся на три группы.

Journalists (J) - журналисты,
Ecologists (E) - экологи,
Scientists(S) - ученые

Фонетическая зарядка

Please, listen to the words and repeat them. Задача: развить умение произношения слов.

2.Environmental problems.

3. The human race.

5. Healthy ecosystem.

6.The humanity.

9. Sulphur dioxide

11. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Этап 2. Смотрим короткий фильм “Earth is in danger”

Речевая зарядка. Что такое природа? Кто хочет выразить свое мнение?

J- Tell me, please, what is it- Nature?

E- Nature is everything that exists in the world around us - plants and animals, earth and rocks, air and water, climate and weather.

J- What do you think? Is Man dependent on Nature?

E- At the beginning of his development man was very dependent on Nature, but with time getting more knowledgeable people ventured "to conquer" Nature. For many centuries man has been trying to solve Nature"s mysteries, to discover its laws, to make it serve his necessities.

Этап 3. Воспроизведение умений и навыков монологической и диалогической речи

J- And what’s happened?

E- Doing so people change the world.

J- Why do people spend so much time and effort drawing public attention to the problem of ecology?

E- New discoveries and inventions, new technologies make a dramatic impact on the planet which is our habitat. Great achievements of the human race have facilitated the life of people, but many of them have been harmful to the environment. Nowadays the humanity is trying to reconsider the results of its progress.

J - It"s a wonderful world we live in. For thousands of years the Earth has given support to all forms of life - human beings, animals, birds, fishes, insects and plants.

But now human beings are killing our planet.

E - People have always polluted their surroundings.The most serious environmental problems are pollutions in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution), noise from cars, buses, planes, destruction of wildlife and others.

Many species of animals and birds have disappeared. Millions of animals die every year because man has polluted their natural homes. Besides, every year people cut down more trees, build more roads, and use more land for farming. This leaves fewer jungles, fields and forests for wildlife.

S - Wildfire is one of the most destructive natural forces known to mankind. While sometimes caused by lightning, nine of ten wildfires are human-caused. Put simply, "wildfire" is the term applied to any unwanted and unplanned fire burning in forest, shrub or grass.

E - On the one hand, fires are very important natural cleaning agents of change; they play a vital role in maintaining healthy ecosystems. On the other hand, they destroy wilderness, property and lives. As more homes are built in and around forest areas, wildfires are on the rise. The latest wildfires in the USA, Spain, Italy and Russia caused a lot of problems.

J- Forests the size of Belgium are destroyed every year. It"s an international disaster. Even if new trees are planted, it takes many years for them to grow.

You know, pollution affects animals more than humans.

S - It is really so. Pollution affects animals more than humans. Humans have more conscious control over their own environment. They can make choices about where to live. They can also choose what to eat. Animals often get rubbish, plastic or wire pieces stuck in their jaws and they cannot easily be set free. As a result they cannot function properly, they die.

E - Air pollution is a very serious problem. One of the most alarming forms of air pollution is acid rain.

Animals suffer a lot from acid rains. Burning certain fuels produces sulphur dioxide. This mixes with rainwater and causes acid rain. This gets into rivers and causes fish to have genetic defects or die. In fact, fish and other sea animals are poisoned because factories and plans have a lot of useless and harmful things while making their production. Acid rain is killing forests in Canada, the USA and central and northern Europe. And in some rivers you can even see a thick foam (пена) caused by chemical waste.

J - I would like to say that some years ago the coast of northern Spain became very badly polluted, because one of the oil tankers passing by accidentally lost the oil it was carrying and it went into the sea. Although some were saved, many birds lost their lives due to being covered in oil. The ecosystem of the area is likely to be affected for up to ten years.

S - I fully agree that for many animals places where they live have become dangerous. The food chain can be affected by pollution in the places where certain species have been living for many years and are used to being fed on certain food.

E - In my opinion animals suffer from the so-called greenhouse effect, too. Heat is trapped in the Earth"s atmosphere, it can"t escape. This causes the Earth to heat up and in some cases rainfall decreases and in other cases it increases causing flood. This means some plants cannot grow. Unless the plants grow many animals in the countries especially in the developing world have less to eat and become endangered or die out. This is a particular problem in the Amazonian rain forest. Depletion of the ozone layer is very dangerous too. The ozone layer protects the earth from the sun"s ultraviolet rays. Depletion of the ozone layer increases the risk of skin cancer, weakens the immune system of people.

S - The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead, the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction.

J - And what about the Dead Sea?

Is the Dead Sea in danger?

S - The Dead Sea, the saltiest body of water of the earth and a wonderful natural treasure, is becoming smaller and smaller because of decisions by people to use part of its waters.

The Dead Sea is located at the lowest point of the earth, almost 400 metres below sea level. It is 50 kilometres long. Just 40 years ago it stretched 80 kilometres in length.

One of the main reasons for the sea"s shrinking* is lack of water. 90% of the waters that flow from the Jordan River, which traditionally goes into the Dead Sea, is taken for drinking and agriculture in Israel and Jordan.

E - Besides, local industry adds to the Dead Sea"s problems. They use the water for getting necessary minerals. It"s a real disaster for the Sea.

Now hundreds of thousands of tourists come to the Dead Sea every year. Its water is so salty that a man can read a newspaper comfortably while lying on his back on the water. Tourists treat their bodies with the black mud, but they don"t think about the Dead Sea"s troubles.

It can be saved - but time is running out.

S - An even greater environmental threat is nuclear power stations. . The catastrophes in Chernobyl and than in Japan have affected the destinies of millions of people.

Scientists have made predictions and they are alarming.

J -Go to the seaside and you"ll see the pollution around you. There is a lot of litter on the beaches. Some of it was left by people and some was brought by the water.

Pollution is very dangerous for people, wildlife and the environment.

J -We live among litter and wastes which we have created ourselves - fumes of cars, throw away packaging. These are some of the world"s most serious environmental problems. What will happen if we don"t try to solve these problems?

E - Many countries bury and forget about millions of tons of rubbish every year. It is known that in one year, a European family with two children throws away about 50 kilos of paper (that"s six trees), and about 60 kilos of plastic.

The Green World reports say that in one year the average person throws away: about 70 food cans. 34 cans of pet food and about 70 drink cans.

J -What can people do with rubbish instead of just throwing it away? Why is recycling important nowadays?

S -But we don"t have to throw away all our waste paper, glass, metal and plastic. We can also burn or recycle a lot of it. In fact waste can be wonderful stuff. Many things that we throw away can still be useful.

J -How much of recyclable material is actually recycled?

S- In fact it"s possible to recycle 80% of domestic rubbish. We can recycle most kinds of paper, glass, metal and plastic. But only 4% of recyclable material is actually recycled. Recycling is expensive. But it saves trees and energy and protects the environment from pollution.

J - Why does some packaging become litter?

S - These days, people usually do shopping in supermarkets. Nearly everything is packed in paper or plastic containers. Every year in Britain each person produces about 57 kilograms of plastic waste. Disposing of all this plastic is an expensive problem. But that"s not all. Making plastic causes pollution.

E - Unfortunately, some of this packaging doesn"t reach the bins. It becomes litter instead. In the town their litter looks horrible. But fortunately someone clears it away.

In the country side, it remains in the fields and on the roadsides unless the people who live nearby pick it up. It can kill or hurt farm animals.

E – Tell me, please, what can we do to save our planet? Let’s think all together.

Этап 4. Применение умений и навыков письменной речи

Journalists - You are just one of 6,000 million people, who live on our Earth. So can our actions really make a difference to its future?

The answer is yes, we certainly can. Because if you try to live in a way that will save the world rather than destroy it, you won"t be alone. Our example will encourage our friends and our and our families to do the same. Then they will tell their friends and families about helping to care for the environment.

Here are some ways in which we, our friends and our family can begin trying to save the Earth right now.

1. Keep yourself informed about environmental problems.

2. Take as much rubbish as you can to local recycling centers.

3. If you have a choice avoids buying packaged goods.

4. Walk or cycle whenever possible.

5. Never drop litter.

6. Put out food for wild animals in winter.

Here are several points towards saving the Earth. It won"t always be easy to follow them. Your friends and family may not always agree with you. And if you can manage to carry out at least some of them, you will know that you are contributing towards saving the Earth.

Ecologists

There are a lot of organizations in the world, they want to save the Earth and animals:

1. The mission of Kids for A Clean Environment (Kids F.A.C.E.) Kids F.A.C.E. started in 1989. Today there are more than 300,000 individual members. The organization is the world"s largest youth environmental organization.

2. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) is one of the largest animal rights organizations in the world. It has more than a million members and supporters. Founded in 1980, PETA is dedicated to establishing and protecting the rights of all animals.

3. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) aims to reduce threats to natural ecosystems and the natural species they contain by increasing awareness of invasive alien species.

4. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (the RSPCA) has been working since 1824 promoting kindness to animals, trying to prevent cruelty to them. In 1840 the Society"s work was held in such high regard that Queen Victoria gave her permission for the SPCA to be called the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

5. Greenpeace is an international organization whose members work actively to protect the environment from damage caused by industrial processes or military activities. Greenpeace has been campaigning against environmental degradation since 1971.

6. The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is one of the world"s most experienced independent conservation organizations, with almost five million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries.

Here are some ways in which you, your friends and your family can begin trying to save the Earth right now.

1. Try not to waste energy. Don"t stand with the fridge door open while you wonder what to eat - make your mind up before you open the door. The fridge warms up when the door is open and it takes extra energy to make it cold again.

Before you throw anything away, stop and think. Might someone else have a use for it? Charities are often pleased to have old books, clothes and toys.

Don"t waste paper. When you are writing, use both sides of the paper.

Before you buy anything, ask yourself if you really need it. You don"t need everything adverts say you do. Try to avoid buying things you really don"t have any use for.

Help to clean up your local environment. There is probably a group in your area which spends weekends cleaning up ponds, rivers, parks and woods.

Try to reduce noise pollution. Don"t take your radio outside - other people may not want to hear it.

Please, listen to me.

We are going to arrange a "clean-up day" in the small park behind the cinema next weekend. Would you like to join us?

Not a bad idea. We"ll join you with pleasure. The park is the place where litter is a real problem, isn"t it?

Could you draw design a poster reminding people about pollution? We"ll put it in the park when all the litter is cleared. People will see the clean park and our poster. Maybe they"ll ask themselves why they drop litter for other people to clear up!

I"m afraid, they won"t ask themselves this question. Anyway I"ll try and do my best. What time has the group arranged to meet?

We have arranged to meet at 10 a.m. at our cinema.

All right. Can I take my friends with me?

Sure! They"ll have fun as well as helping the environment.

Этап 5. Домашнее задание: С.109 у.15

Этап 6. Релаксация

Now, please, try to relax. (Смотрим и слушаем шум моря)Close your eyes and imagine the following:

The sun is shining brightly.

There is a light wind of breeze blowing.

The sea is calm and the water is blue and crystal clear.

Этап 7. Развитие навыков аудирования и чтения с использованием лингофонного кабинета

Аудирование. Задача: развить умение аудирования (запись 15), выполнение теста 1, правильные ответы, самооценивание.

Test 1

Listen to the interview with Mr Riner, an ecologist (No 14), and complete the following statements in the right way.

1. Tropical forests are_____the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.

2. Tropical forests cover about _____of land on our planet.

3. The term "tropical forest" _____"rain forest".

c) is equivalent to

4. In rain forests it is _____.

a) dark, hot and humid

b) light, hot and humid

c) dark, hot and dry

5. Tropical forests are destroyed by

c) loggers and farmers

6. Rain forests are cut down to ______.

a) raise livestock

b) make room for houses

c) build new towns

7. The Food and Agriculture Organization"s statistics shows that _______ km 2

of rain forest is cut down annually.

8. Developed countries try to improve the situation by________.

a) asking for guarantees that tropical forests will be restored

b) giving money to restore the forests

c) not demanding their money back in return for preserving tropical forests

Interviewer: Mr Riner, you are one of the most celebrated scientists working to study and protect tropical forests. What are tropical forests and where can they be found?

Mr Riner: Tropical forests are a belt of vegetation growing on either side of the equator. Strictly speaking, any forest between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn can be called "tropical forest".

Interviewer: How big is this territory?

Mr Riner: At the moment tropical forests cover about 35 million square km, which is close to one fifth of the Earth"s land.

Interviewer: Do the terms "tropical forest" and "rain forest" mean the same?

Mr Riner: Not exactly the same. In fact, rain forest is only one part of tropical forest. It is closest to the equator. Most of the plants that grow in it are evergreen. This forest receives a lot of rainfall with no dry season and average temperatures between 21 and 27 °C. Trees in rain forest grow very close to each other and compete with each other to reach the light. That"s why trees in such forest are very tall and thin with leaves at the top where the light is.

Interviewer: Why are tropical forests so much in the focus of public attention?

Mr Riner: Tropical forests have a great variety of wildlife and plants. Their number is so large that tropical forests explorers can count on many fascinating discoveries. It is common knowledge that tropical forests play a very important role in balancing the world climate and supplying the planet with oxygen to breathe.

Interviewer: It is clear that tropical forests everywhere are in danger. How bad is the situation and what is the reason for it?

Mr Riner: The disappearance of tropical forests has two main causes. The first is commercial loggers, people who cut down trees. They are attracted by valuable hardwood trees, worth up to a thousand dollars each. The second reason is farmers who come from cities and towns. In South America alone they are responsible for the burning of 25,000 square km of forest annually to make room for tropical grassland.

Interviewer: You mean grassland to be used as pastures?

Mr Riner: Exactly. They need grassland for their cattle which is sold to European and North American markets. The grass on such lands grows well only for two or three years, after which farmers have to move to new places and more trees get cut down and burnt. Behind them such farmers leave a landscape known as "Greek Desert", areas that are ugly and commercially valueless.

Interviewer: And how quick is this process?

Mr Riner: Figures from the Food and Agriculture Organization show that 180,000 square km of tropical rain forest is cleared every year. The destruction is so rapid, that as scientists believe, by the year 2020 all rain forests will have disappeared.

Interviewer: Don"t people living in those countries see the danger?

Mr Riner: They may do, but the problem is that developing countries, deep in financial crisis, want a quick return of their money. They claim that they have to think about their population in the first place.

Interviewer: Yes, but in the long run they are going to lose anyway. Is there no hope at all?

Mr Riner: Great hope has been placed on the new system under which developed countries from the northern hemisphere agree to write off the developing nations" debts. It means that they say officially that the poor countries don"t have to pay them back the money they once borrowed. In return they want a guarantee that tropical forests will be preserved. Unfortunately this policy doesn"t always work.

Interviewer: Well, Mr Riner, thank you very much for your time and the valuable information you"ve shared with us.

Read the text and match the titles with the paragraphs (P.108ex.71Biboletova).

a) The global community has to make a crucial choice.

b) Several ways people influence nature.

c) Will the scientists’ prediction come true?

d) People can help the Earth maintain its balance.

e) A biologist’s opinion.

f) A scientist’s prediction about the new nature of our planet.

g) Human creativity will help to lessen human impact on the Earth.

Human impact on the Earth. How do we lessen it?

1. Nearly 70 years ago, a Soviet geochemist made a surprising observation: through technology and great human numbers, he wrote, people were becoming a geological force, shaping the planet"s future just as rivers and earthquakes had shaped its past. Eventually, the scientist, Vladimir Vernadsky , wrote that global society, guided by science, would soften the human environmental impact, and the Earth would become a "noosphere" - a planet of the mind, "life"s domain ruled by reason",

2. Today, a broad range of scientists say that part of Vernadsky"s thinking has already been proved correct: people have significantly altered the atmosphere and are the dominant influence on ecosystems and natural selection. The question now is whether the rest of his vision will come true.

Humans have realised the environmental damage of the last century. With the aid of satellites and supercomputers, they now have a real chance to balance economic development with the environment beginning with sustaining the Earths ecological systems.

4. We"ve come through a period of finally understanding the nature and effect of humanity"s transformation of the Earth," said William Clark, a biologist at Harvard University. "Having realised it, can we become clever enough to be able to maintain the rates of progress?" he asked. "I think we can."

5. Some scientists say people can"t understand the living planet well enough to know how to manage it. But this problem attracts world leaders and thousands of other participants to summits where they discuss ways of sustainable development. Communities and countries face choices that are likely to determine the quality of human life and the environment well into the 22nd century.

6. Human activity has such a great influence on the planets ecology that it is no longer possible to separate people from nature. Emissions of carbon dioxide, whether from an Ohio power plant or a Bangkok taxicab, contribute to global warming. Shoppers in Tokyo seeking inexpensive picture frames send people deep into Indonesian forests.

7. Experts conclude that the same inventiveness that accelerated human development can be used to soften human impact.

No	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Test 1 Your answer
Correct answer	f	c	d	e	a	b	g
Test 2 Your answer
Correct answer	c	b	b	a	c	a	b	c

Этап 8. Оценки . Подсчет учениками количества баллов

Слайд № 19. Выставление отметок.

Рефлексия

1. Problems with the health of the environment are still with us. But by knowing about them, we can do something. Humans can care for the environment so it will be a healthier place for all living things.

2. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly.

3. Some progress has been already made. А lot of members of the UN hold conferences discussing ecological problems and take practical urgent measures to avoid ecological catastrophe.

4. There are numerous public organizations such as Greenpeace. They are doing much to preserve environment.

5. Scientists, politicians, ecologists and the majority of common people must grow up and fast enough to be able to protect Mother Nature.

6.Politicians should change their ways of thinking and think globally instead of securing their own national interests.

7. New technologies should not be used unless they are proved to be ecologically save.

8. Our conference was interesting and very useful.

Итоги .

Слайд № 20.

Список литературы, использованной для подготовки урока.

1. Учебник английского языка “Enjoy English” 10 кл. М.З.Биболетова, Москва 2014

2. Учебник английского языка “English-Х” О.В.Афанасьева, И.В.Ми хеева, Москва 2014

3. Аудиокурс на СD (МР3) к учеб. англ. яз. “English-IX” О.В. Афанасьева, И.В.Михеева, Москва 2014

4. Интернет-ресурсы images.yandex.ru

Данные упражнения по теме «Ecology. Ecological problems» помогут вам активизировать , чтобы без затруднений читать тексты и свободно говорить на эту тему.

На картинке слева проиллюстрирована разница в употреблении глаголов: break VS destroy VS damage

break INTO PARTS
destroy COMPLETELY
to damage means that it doesn’t look or work PROPERLY

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык.

creature, extinct, species, endanger, damage, wildlife, habitat, destroy, cure, development, size, weight, cardboard, include, rainforest, mammal, insect

Упражнение 2. Подберите слово из упражнения 1 к определению ниже.

A kind of animal no longer existing
To cause danger to a living being
A group of plants and animals of the same kind
A place where an animal or a plant is found
An animal or being of some kind
To damage so much that it’s completely ruined
To put in smth else
To make a disease go away by medical treatment

Упражнение 3. Образуйте новое слово от данного в скобках

A hurricane is a ______________________wind or storm. (violence)
It was a _____________________disaster. (terror)
The _________________made by the fire was awful. (destroy)
It is __________________to be near the crater of volcano. (danger)
______________disasters can damage houses and kill people. (nature)
Emergency _______________do their best to save people. (work)
Sometimes situations are very _________________ to solve.(difficulty)
The ocean is polluted with __________ waste. (chemistry)
We should solve ________________problems. (environment)
Air ______________is very dangerous for people. (pollute)
The _______________of scientists are alarming. (predict)
The earth has given us _____________ for thousands of years. (support)
The hurricane did a lot of _______________ to the house. (damage)
What are the most serious __________________problems now? (ecology)

Упражнение 4. Вставьте подходящее слово в предложение ниже.

Many ……of animals can become extinct in the near future.
Nowadays many scientists say that some chemicals can……human life.
Nelly’s pig was a funny …., with short legs, small ears and not much hair on its skin.
Lakes and ponds are natural …….for frogs.
Don’t worry, I will…….your little rabbit.
Fires often ……..forests.

Упражнение 5. Употребите правильную форму глагола в предложениях ниже.

Вариант 1.

Now human beings _____________(to kill) our planet.
People usually_______________(not to care) about the environment.
The builders have ___________________(to cut down) a lot of trees in the forest.
As a result many animals were to ______________(to die out).
When did the destruction of this countryside _____________(to start)?
_____he ____________(to plant) a tree at that time yesterday?
_____he _____________(to plant) down the tree by 6 o’clock yesterday?
According to the forecast a disaster _________(to happen) soon.

Вариант 2.

Rain forests ___________________(to disappear) nowadays.
People have ________________(to destroy) a lot of wildlife.
They ________________ (to collect) the litter at the seaside last month.
We must _______________(to pay attention to) these problems as soon as possible.
We are happy to ____________(to survive) on the earth.
The children _____________(to water) the trees by the moment it got dark.
I ________________(to walk) on the beach when I saw a big jelly fish.
Our problems _______________(not to disappear) in future.

Упражнение 6.

Does this businessman realise the damage these chemicals do to the (environmental / environment) _____________ in our town?
Local government (местные власти) should support the idea of recycling and provide each house with bins for different types of (to waste / waste)____________________
If we want to protect our environment, lots of things should be changed in our life, but first of all we should improve (ecological / ecologist)___________________education.
To reduce (Чтобы уменьшить) air (to pollute / pollution)___________________people should use
public transport. Too many people use their own cars.
If we want to keep our beautiful beaches as the main tourist (to attract / attraction)
____________ we must protect them from litter pollution.
If you care about the protection of the environment and you want to be healthy, you should buy only (nature / natural)___________________food with no added chemicals.

Упражнение 7. Выберите правильный вариант.

_______ is threatening the lives of animals and plants (dirty air, pollution, poisonous air)
An earthquake is a __________ event (physical, natural, real)
Anything will grow in this dark rich ________. (soil, land, ground)
“Let’s take the baby outside,” she suggested. “We all need some ________ air” (pure, clear, fresh)
There is world wide concern about the desctruction of the __________. (tropical woods, rainforests, rainy forests)
Tigers ___________because hunters kill them in order to sell their skins (run the risk, are insecure, are in danger)
Instead of dropping litter in the streets, we should use litter _________. (bags, bins, baskets)
___________, air and water pollution are among the most serious environmental problems. ( The warming of the planet, The world’s warming, Global warming)
Greenpeace try to prevent a lot of environmental _________. (disasters, tragedies, accident)
We should save energy by using ________ power and wind power. (solar, sun, sunny)

Упражнение 8. Выберите правильный вариант.

Animals are losing their ________ as growing cities cause the countryside to disappear (habitats, places of living, living spaces)
In remote regions , the air is pure and the crops are free of poisonous _________. (chemistry, ingredients, insecticides)
Many species of animal life have been shot to the verge of _______. ( extinction, destruction, elimination)
________ rain is mostly found in North America and Europe. (chemicals, sour, acid)
In my family we always take empty bottles to a ____________ bin. (recycling, reusing, reprocessing)
Yesterday I read a very interesting newspaper article about ____________ mountain gorillas. (dangerous, endangered, damaged)
Dangerous chemicals from factories are ________ into oceans, rivers and streams, killing fish. (thrown, poured, splashed)
People say that fewer than 1,000 blue whales __________ in the Southern Hemisphere. (survive, remain alive, cling to life)
People who live in a big city continuously suffer from car exhaust _______. (smoke, gases, fumes)
If people refuse to buy_____ or other goods which come from species of animals, we could save their lives. (furs, wool, skin)

Упражнение 9. Переведите на русский язык.

Accident, disaster, amount, atmosphere, development, environment, ecological balance, industry, living being, recycling, packing, industrial waste, drinking water, chemical, chemicals, wastes, global, harmful, scientific, rare, nuclear, to increase, to contaminate, to pollute, to protect (from), to solve, to vanish (disappear), to die out, to endanger, to conserve, to exhaust

Упражнение 10. Переведите на английский язык.

живое существо, окружающая среда, защита окружающей среды, количество, авария, бедствие, атмосфера, развитие, экологическое равновесие, промышленность, промышленные отходы, переработка, упаковка, питьевая вода, химический, ядерный, химикаты, отходы, вредный, редкий, научный, глобальное, увеличивать, вымирать, исчезать, истощаться, загрязнять, заражать, подвергать опасности, защищать, сохранять, сберегать, решать

Упражнение 11. Выберите правильный вариант.

Smoking … your health. (dangers, endangers)
Greenpeace works to … awareness of the dangers that threaten our planet today.(promote, improve)
Apes are on the … of extinction (edge, verge)
Losing twenty million acres of tropical rain forests every year is a …. (disadvantage, disaster)
Tigers are … and killed for their body parts which are used in medicine. (hunted, haunted)
Oceans are currently a big dumping ground for tons of toxic… and sewage. (waste, packing)
There are no more than two hundred and fifty … of sharks in the world.(species, kinds)
Storms and heavy rains often cause great … to property. (damage, loss)
Some factories and plants … poisonous substances into the atmosphere.(increase, release)
People are not doing their best to … an ecological catastrophe. (avoid, prevent)

* * *

Упражнение 12. Вставьте предлоги with, about, by, from, of, on, at, of, about, from, —

Ecology deals … the relationships of man and nature.
The whole world is threatened … an ecological catastrophe.
All countries ought to join the efforts to save the Earth … an ecological disaster.
Sustainable development is the one that doesn’t deprive future generations … the same type of opportunities we have now.
More than two hundred million people depend … the tropical forests for shelter and food.
Trees are being cut down … an alarmingly high rate.
People are becoming more and more aware … ecological problems.
Pollution of water and air is one of the main problems people are concerned … today.
How can we protect our soil… further waste?
If we don’t think hard of ecology we must be ready to face … the consequences.

Упражнение 13. Образуйте существительные от данных ниже глаголов

to damage -
to pollute -
to release -
to astonish -
to breathe -
to measure -
to preserve -
to purify -
to conserve -
to poison -
to remove-
to exist-
to lose -
to choose —

Упражнение 14. Подготовьте сообщение про аварию на Фукусиме, которая случилась в Японии в 2011 году согласно плану:

what has caused the accident at the nuclear power station;
what has gone wrong and why people couldn’t prevent the radioactive contamination;
the consequences of this accident for the whole world

Use the word-combinations: cause the radioactive contamination of the water in the Pacific Ocean; can’t stop pollution; have to dump the radioactive water into the ocean; endanger people’s lives; fish and seafood in the ocean is contaminated with the radiation; some fishing companies have stopped catching fish in the ocean; urgent measures should be taken; safety of nuclear power stations; the whole world is threatened by an ecological catastrophe; feel secure about my future

Use linking words: besides, more than that, what is more, as for me, I think that, I can never understand, I strongly believe, I am sure

Text 15. Переведите текст на английский язык .

Наш мир чудесен. Земля поддерживает все формы жизни: человека, птиц, зверей, насекомых, рыб. Но многим людям нет дела до (don’t mind) красоты природы (природной красоты). Они бросают мусор на пляжах и упаковку на улицах. Люди не заботятся об окружающей среде. Они вырубают леса (cut down), загрязняют места обитания животных. В результате (As a result) животные погибают. Заводы и фабрики загрязняют воздух и воду (with) химическими отходами . Загрязнение очень опасно для человека, дикой природы и окружающей среды. Ученые предсказывают международную катастрофу. Мы должны заботиться о природе и о себе.